NAS Foundations: EMC Global Education

NAS Foundations
EMC Global Education

2004 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. These materials may not be copied without EMC's written consent.
NAS Foundations
After completing this module, you will be able to:
Identify the concepts and value of Network Attached Storage
List Environmental Aspects of NAS
Identify the EMC NAS Platforms and their differences
Identify and describe the Celerra Software Features
Identify and describe the Celerra Management Software offerings
Identify and describe Windows Specific Options with respect to
EMC NAS environments
Identify and describe NAS Business Continuity Options with
respect to the various EMC NAS platforms

2004 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved.
Network Attached Storage

NAS Overview

What Is Network-Attached Storage

Built on the concept of
Client Application
shared storage on a Local

Area Network
Unix Client
Leverages the benefits of
a network file server and

network storage
Application
Application
Windows Client
Unix Client
Network
Utilizes industry-standard
network and file sharing

protocols
File Server + Network-attached storage = NAS

Why NAS?
Highest availability
Scales for growth
Firewall
Internal
Network
Avoids file replication
S1
Internet
Increases flexibility
S2
.
.
.
.
NAS
Reduces complexity
Improves security
Costs
Sn
Web
Servers
Data Center

NAS Operations
NAS
All I/O operations use file level I/O
protocols
No awareness of disk volumes or disk
Application
sectors
File system is mounted remotely using
a network file access protocol, such as:
IP Network
Network File System (NFS)

Common Internet File System(CIFS)
I/O is redirected to remote system
NAS Device
Utilizes mature data transport (e.g.,
TCP/IP) and media access protocols
NAS device assumes responsibility for
organizing data (R/W) on disk and

managing cache
Direct
Attach
OR
SAN
Disk

NAS Architecture
To Storage
Application
Remote I/O
Request
Operating System
I/O Redirector
NFS/CIFS
TCP/IP Stack
Network Interface
NFS and CIFS handle

file requests to remote
file system
Storage Network
Protocol
(Fibre Channel)
I/O is encapsulated by
TCP/IP Stack to move
over the network
Drive Protocol (SCSI)
NAS device converts

requests to block I/O
and reads or writes
data to NAS disk
storage
NAS Operating
System
Network File
Protocol Handler
TCP/IP Stack
Network Interface
File I/O to NAS

NAS Device
Single-purpose machine or component,
Client Application
serves as a dedicated, highperformance, high-speed

communication of file data
IP Network
Is sometimes called a filer or a network
appliance
Uses one or more Network Interface
Cards (NICs) to connect to the customer

network
Uses proprietary optimized operating
system; DART, Data Access in Real

Time, is EMCs NAS operating system
NAS Device
Network Drivers and Protocols
NFS
CIFS
NAS Device OS (DART)

Storage Drivers and Protocols
Uses industry standard storage
protocols to connect to storage

resources
Disk
Storage
NAS Applications
CAD/CAM environments, where
widely dispersed engineers have to

share and modify design drawings
Serving Web pages to thousands of
workstations at the same time
Easily sharing company-wide
information among employees
Database application
Low transaction rate

Low data volatility
Smaller in size
Not performance constrained

NAS Configuration
An Introduction

10
What is a Network?
LAN
Site 1
Physical Media
WAN
Site 2
11
Physical Components
NIC
Network
Interface
Card (NIC)
Switch
155.10.10.XX
Switches
Routers
NIC
Router
NIC
155.10.20.XX
Switch
NIC
12
Network Protocols
NIC
Network transport
Protocols
Network
Switch
filesystem
Protocols
155.10.10.XX
NIC
Router
NIC
Switch
155.10.20.XX
NIC
13
Network Addressing
155.10.10. 14
Host name Mary
155.10.10.13
Host Name Peter
IP Addressing
DHCP
Server
DNS Server
155.10.10.XX
DHCP
155.10.10.11
155.10.10.12
Router
155.10.20.XX
DNS
Switch
Host Name = Account1

155.10.20.11
14
Volume and Files

155.10.10. 14
Host name Mary
155.10.10.13
Host Name Peter
Create
Volumes
Create
Network
Filesystem
DHCP
Server
DNS Server
155.10.10.11
155.10.10.12
Router
NAS
Account1
155.10.20.11

File System
Array
/Acct_ Rep
15
Group Name = SALES
Publish 155.10.10. 14
Host name Mary
User Mary
MS Windows
Share
Export
Share
DNS Server
155.10.10.11
155.10.10. 13
Host name Peter
User Peter
Unix
Export
DHCP
Server
155.10.10.12
Router
Group Name = Accounting

NAS
155.10.20.11
Array
ACCOUNT1 /Acct_ Rep

16
Group Name = SALES
Client Access
155.10.10. 13
Host name Peter
User Peter
155.10.10. 14
Host name Mary
User Mary
MS Windows
Mount
Unix
MAP
MAP
DNS Server
155.10.10.11
nfsmount
DHCP
Server
155.10.10.12
Router

NAS
155.10.20.11
Array
ACCOUNT1 /Acct_ Rep

17
File Permissions
Group Name = SALES

155.10.10. 13
Host name Peter
User Peter
155.10.10. 14
Host name Mary
User Mary
MS Windows
Creates File
File Request
Unix
DNS Server
155.10.10.11
DHCP
Server
155.10.10.12
Router

NAS
Account1
155.10.20.11
Array
/Acct_ Rep
Files
MRPT1
PRPT2
18
EMC NAS Platforms

Products

19
EMC NAS Platforms
Spanning the Enterprise

Microsoft OS
Based
Data Integrity
1 Intel Based
Celerra Family DART OS Based

High Availability
High Availability
1 or 2 Data Movers 1 or 2 Data Movers
Advanced Clustering
Advanced Clustering
214 Data Movers
214 Data Movers
Windows NAS
Integrated NAS
SAN and NAS
SAN and NAS
SAN, NAS and MPFS
Replication
Replication
Replication
Replication
Replication and advanced

business continuity
Netwin
Celerra
NS X00S
NSX00

Celerra
NS X00GS
NS X00G
Celerra /
CLARiiON
Golden
Eagle/Eagle
frame
Celerra /
Symmetrix
Golden Eagle/Eagle
frame
20
Celerra NAS - SAN Scalability

Consolidated storage
infrastructure for all

applications
NAS front end scales
independently of SAN back

end
Connect to multiple
Symmetrixes, CLARiiON
Improved utilization
Celerra
NSX00G
NSX00GS
CLARiiON
CX Family
Celerra
Golden
Eagle/
Eagle
Connectrix
SAN
Allocate storage to Celerra
and servers as needed
Easy to move filesystems

among Data Movers
Online filesystem growth
Centralized management for
SAN and NAS
Symmetrix
DMX Family
Windows
UNIX

21
Celerra Family Hardware

22
Celerra Family Control Station Hardware

Two form factors
Golden Eagle and Eagle
Frame
Golden Eagle
and Eagle
Frame
Control Station
Control Station
NS XXX Frame
Disk
Array
Enclosure
s
Control
Station
Standby Power
Supplies
Storage
Processors
Data
Movers
NS XXX Frame
Control Station
23
Celerra Family Data Mover Hardware

Single or Dual Intel Processors
PCI or PCI-X based
High memory capacity
Multi-port Network cards
Fibre Channel connectivity to
storage arrays
No internal storage devices
Data Mover
Golden Eagle and Eagle Frame
Redundancy mechanism
NS XXX
Frame
Data Mover

24
NAS Reference Documentation

NAS Interoperability Matrix
Data Movers
Control Stations
Software supported features
www.emc.com/horizontal/interoperability

25
Celerra Family Software

Software Operating System

26
Celerra Software Operating Systems

Linux 7.2
This is an industry hardened and EMC modified Operating System

loaded on the Control Station to provide
Secure NAS management environment
Growing in popularity and corporate acceptance
DART Data Access in Real Time
This is a highly specialized Operating System designed to optimize

network traffic Input/Output throughput and is loaded on the Data
Movers
Is multi-threaded to optimize load balancing capabilities of the multiprocessor Data Movers
Advanced volume management - UxFS
Large file size and filesystem support

Ability to extend filesystems online
Metadata logging for fast recovery
Striped volume support
Feature rich to support the varied specialized capabilities of the

Celerra range
27

High Availability Features

28
Network FailSafe Device

Network outages, due to environmental failure, are
more common than Data Mover failures
Network FailSafe Device

DART OS mechanism to minimize data access disruption due
to these failures
Logical device is created using either physical ports, or other
logical ports, combined together to create redundant groups of
ports
Logically grouped Data Mover network ports monitor network
traffic on the ports
Active FailSafe Device port senses traffic disruption
Standby (non-active) port assumes the IP Address and Media
Access Control address in a very short space of time, thus
reducing data access disruption
29
Link Aggregation - High Availability

Link aggregation is the combining of two or more data
channels into a single
data channel for high availability

Two Methods: IEEE 802.3ad LACP & CISCO FastEtherChannel
IEEE
802.3ad LACP
Combining links for improved
availability
If one port fails, other ports
take over
Industry standard IEEE
802.3ad
Combines 212 Ethernet ports
into a single virtual link
Deterministic behavior
Does not increase single client
throughput
LINK
Celerra
Industry
Standard
Switch

30
Link Aggregation - High Availability (cont)

CISCO FastEtherChannel
Port grouping for improved
availability
Combines 2,4, or 8 Ethernet
ports into a single virtual
device
Inter-operates with trunkingcapable switches
High availabilityif one port
fails, other ports take over
Celerra
Does not increase single client
throughput
Channel
CISCO Switch

31
Network Redundancy - High Availability
An example of FSN and Port aggregation co-operation

32
Celerra Family Management

Software

33

Management
Virtual Local Area Networks

34
VLAN Support
Create logical LAN
segment
Divide a single LAN

into logical segments
Join multiple separate
segments into one
logical LAN
Broadcast Domain
LAN
Hub
Hub
VLAN A
Collision
Domain
Bridge
or
Switch
Hub
LAN Segment
Collision Domain
LAN Segment
Hub
VLAN B
VLAN Tagging
802.1q
Collision Domain
LAN Segment
Simplified Management
No network
reconfiguration
required for
member relocation
Bridge
Hub
Hub
VLAN A
or
Switch
Router
Workstation VLAN B
Broadcast Domain LAN

35
VLAN - Benefits
Performance
Reduced Overhead
Reduced Costs
Security
VLAN-A
VLAN S
VLAN E

36

Management
User Interfaces

37
Celerra Management Command Line

The command line can be accessed on the Control
Station via
An ssh interface tool i.e. PuTTy

Telnet
Its primary function is for the scripting of common
repetitive tasks that may run on a predetermined

schedule to ease administrative burden
It has approximately 60 UNIX command-like commands

38
Celerra Web User Interface prior to NAS 5.2

Supports the most common
tasks
Network configuration
Hardware configuration
Management:
Data Movers
Filesystems
Shares
Checkpoints
Status
Utilization
Integrated help for specific
tasks and fields
Graphical indicators report
system health

39
Celerra Native Manager - prior to NAS 5.2

Filesystem management
Quota configuration and
reconfiguration
Wizard capabilities for
initial configuration
Offline editing
Batch program generation
Template import/export
Online operation (live changes
and updates)
Reconfiguration (modifications
and deletes)
Automation and expert system
support

40
Celerra Monitor - prior to NAS 5.2

Performance
Data Movers
CLARiiON
Symmetrix
View
System ID
Status
Alerts

41
Celerra Manager v5.2 Management

42
Celerra Manager v5.2 - Wizards

43
Celerra Manager v5.2 - Tools

44
EMC ControlCenter V5.x.x NAS Support

Discovery and monitoring
Data Movers
Devices and volumes
Network adapters and IP
interfaces
Mount points
Exports
Filesystems (including
snapshots and checkpoints)

45
Celerra Family Filesystem

Management
Quotas

46
Filesystem Controls - User Quota Restrictions

One of the most common concerns in a distributed data
environment is that users tend to save many copies of

the same information
When working in a collaborative distributed
environment, the amount of data space required by

each user expands rapidly and, in some cases,
uncontrollably
To minimize data space outages, the user space can be
controlled by imposing Quotas on users, or groups of

users, to limit either the number of blocks of disk space
they can use or the number of files they can create

47
Celerra Family Management

Software
Windows Specific Options

48
Usermapper
Maps Windows Security ID to UNIX Permissions
Two Methodologies
Single Mode - one Primary Server only

Distributed Mode - One Primary -> Many Secondaries
Primary Server
Maintains Master DB
Provides New UID/GID to
specific Secondary issuing the
request.
Secondary Server
Maintains Cache of entries
used on particular secondary
from the Master DB
Resolves Queries for any
request that is in cache
Requests update if an entry is
requested that is not in Cache

49
Usermapper - pre & post DART v5.2

Primary Server
(4) Adds a new entry from specified
Example:
New User Requests Resource
(New mapping required)
Data Mover
Usermapper DB
DART
v5.2
Usermapper
Resolver
(1) Resolver queries

First server configured
(8) Replies to the Data

Mover's request with the
UID/GID mapping
UID/GID range
(5) Notifies all other Secondary Servers that

they should initiate a cache update request
Usermapper DB
Pre - DART
(3)
v5.2
New Mapping
Request
(6)
New Entry
Secondary Server
(2) Mapping is not in DB

(7) Updates cache with new mapping
Usermapper DB
Configuration/Installation
50
Virtual Data Movers DART v5.2

Virtual Data Movers on Single Physical Data Movers
DART v5.2
Another improvement to the Windows integration is the ability

to create multiple virtual CIFS servers on each Data Mover
This is achieved by creating Virtual Data Mover environments
This is a huge benefit to the consolidation of multiple server,
file serving functionality onto single Data Movers, as each
virtual Data Mover can maintain isolated CIFS servers with
their own root filesystem environment
This will allow whole Virtual Data Mover environments to be
loaded, unloaded, or even replicated between physical Data
Movers for ease in Windows environmental management

51
Additional Tools - MMC Snap-ins

UNIX User Management
Active Directory migration tool

MMC plug-in extension for Active
Directory uses and computers
Celerra Management tool snap-in
(MMC Console)
Virus Checker Management
Celerra Management tool:

(MMC Console)
Home Directory snap-in
Allows multiple points of entry to a

single share
Data Mover security snap-in
Manage user rights and auditing

52
Celerra Family Business

Continuity
Disk Based Replication and Recovery Solutions

53
Disk-Based Replication and Recovery Solutions

Celerra/Symmetrix
Synchronous
Disaster
Recovery
SRDF
FUNCTIONALITY
File-based
Replication
Celerra /CLARiiON
TimeFinder/FS
Celerra Replicator
EMC OnCourse
File
Restoration
Celerra SnapSure
Celerra/FC4700
Celerra
NS600
RECOVERY TIME
Hours
Minutes
Seconds
54
Disaster Recovery
Celerra Symmetrix Remote Data Facility

55
Celerra SRDF Disaster Recovery
Increases data availability by combining the high availability of the

Celerra family with the Symmetrix Remote Data Facility
Network
Celerra
Campus (60 km) distance

Uni or bi-directional
Celerra
Celerra synchronous disaster recovery solution

Allows an administrator to configure remote standby Data Movers, waiting to
assume primary roles, in the event of a disaster occurring at the primary data site
SRDF allows administrator to achieve a remote synchronous copy of production
filesystems at a remote location
Real-time, logically synchronized and consistent copies of selected volumes
Uni-directional and bi-directional support
Resilient against drive, link, and server failures
No lost I/Os in the event of a disaster
Independent of CPU, operating system, application, or database
Simplifies disaster recovery switchover and back
56
Data Replication
SnapSure, TimeFinder/FS & Celerra Replicator

57
Celerra SnapSure - Data Replication

Enables speedy recovery
Low volume activity, read-only
applications
Simple file undelete
Incremental backup
Celerra
CLARiiON or
Symmetrix
Logical point-in-time view of
Celerra data
Works for all Celerra Implementations

Saves disk space
Maintains pointers to track changes to
the primary filesystem
Not a mirror; creation of specialized
volumes (R1/R2, BCVs) not required
Multiple Checkpoints for recovery of Production
different point-in-time images
filesystem
GUI Checkpoint schedule
manipulation
Checkpoint out of order delete
Automatic mounting - NAS v5.2
Checkpoint

58
Celerra TimeFinder/FS - Data Replication

Point in time copy of file system
Provides an independent mirror
copy of Celerra data for out-ofband business processes and

support functions
Provides read and write
functionality independent of the
original
Requires Symmetrix storage
Celerra controlled features
Point-in-time copies
Dynamic mirroring
Multiple BCVs
Spans volumes
Entire filesystem
Applications
Symmetrix
Celerra
Point-in-time
copy
FSA
PFS
PFS
Copy
BCV = Business Continuance Volume
Backup and restore

Data warehouses
Live test data
Batch jobs

59
TimeFinder/FS Near Copy

Synchronous disk-based
disaster recovery and data

replication solution
R1/R2 data is synchronized
for disaster recovery
Read-only R2 data accessible
via BCV for backup and
testing purposes
Synchronous SRDF as base
technology
60 km distance
ESCON/Fibre Channel
Windows
UNIX
Data
Network
SRDF
R1
R2
BCV
Celerra Symmetrix
Symmetrix Celerra

60
TimeFinder/FS with SRDF Far Copy

Windows UNIX
Windows UNIX
R1 Site
Network
STD
R1/ BCV
R2 Site
Network
SRDF
Adaptive
Copy
Celerra Symmetrix
STD
R2/ BCV
Symmetrix
Asynchronous data replication

solution
Replicated point-in time copy of
primary site filesystem
Data replication time will not
impact production file system
performance
Uses SRDF Adaptive Copy as
base technology
Sites can be geographically
distant
Celerra

61
Celerra Replicator - Data Replication

Point-in-time read-only
UNIX
filesystem copy over IP

Windows
Production filesystem available
during replication
UNIX
Windows
R1 Site
Network
Only sends changed data over
R2 Site
Network
wire (after initial synchronization)

One-way link for single target
content distribution
Asynchronous Data Recovery
Data recovery for CIFS data
Production
Filesystem
Primary
SavVol
Secondary
Filesystem
IP
Network
Secondary
SavVol
Log
Celerra/Symmetrix
Celerra NSX00
Replication Process
62
Celerra Family
Tape-Based Backup and Restore Options

63
Tape-Based Backup and Restore Options

EMC Data Manager
Most backup utilities
NFS/CIFS mounts over the client network
or separate sub-network
Network
Backup
NDMP
Backup
(LAN-less
local backup)
EMC Data Manager

VERITAS NetBackup
Legato Networker
CommVault Galaxy
HP OmniBack
Atempo Time Navigator
Network
DATA
Celerra
EDM Tape
Celerra
Data
Network
EDM
Symmetrix
or CLARiiON
Tape

64
Celerra Network Backup

EMC Data Manager
Network
Celerra
CLARiiON
or
Symmetrix
EDM
Connectrix
Tape
Library
Multi-protocol support
Supports both shared UNIX
(NFS) and Windows (CIFS) in
a mixed environment
Network-based backup
Preserves NFS and CIFS
attributes
Third-party backup products
CIFS access through shares

NFS access through mounts
Data Flow
Control Information Flow

65
Celerra RecoveryNDMP Backup
EMC Data Manager
Production
Network
Client with NDMP
backup software
Data Mover
NDMP Agent
Tape
Library Unit
Celerra
CLARiiON
or
Symmetrix
Data Flow
Control Information Flow

Full, incremental, and differential

backups
EDM Autoschedule workload
balancing
Three-way backup (between Data
Movers)
Third-party NDMP
VERITAS NetBackup
Legato NetWorker
CommVault Galaxy
HP OmniBack
Atempo Time Navigator
Celerra backs up data to directly
attached tape library unit (TLU)
Backup is performed by client running
NDMP-compliant ISV software
No LAN performance impact: only
control data goes via the LAN
Multi-protocol support: both CIFS and
NFS filesystem attributes
66
Module Summary
Key points covered in this module:
Identify the concepts and value of Network Attached Storage
List NAS Configuration Issues
Identify the EMC NAS Platforms and their differences
Identify and describe the Celerra Software Features
Identify and describe the Celerra Management Software offerings
Identify and describe Windows Specific Options with respect to
EMC NAS environments
Identify and describe NAS Business Continuity Options with
respect to the various EMC NAS platforms

67

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NAS Foundations

EMC Global Education

EMC NAS environments

Identify and describe NAS Business Continuity Options with

respect to the various EMC NAS platforms

EMC Global Education

Network Attached Storage

EMC Global Education

What Is Network-Attached Storage

shared storage on a Local

Leverages the benefits of

a network file server and

network and file sharing

File Server + Network-attached storage = NAS

Avoids file replication

EMC Global Education

No awareness of disk volumes or disk

File system is mounted remotely using

a network file access protocol, such as:

Network File System (NFS)

Utilizes mature data transport (e.g.,

TCP/IP) and media access protocols

NAS device assumes responsibility for

organizing data (R/W) on disk and

EMC Global Education

NFS and CIFS handle

Drive Protocol (SCSI)

NAS device converts

File I/O to NAS

EMC Global Education

serves as a dedicated, highperformance, high-speed

Is sometimes called a filer or a network

Uses one or more Network Interface

Cards (NICs) to connect to the customer

Uses proprietary optimized operating

system; DART, Data Access in Real

NAS Device OS (DART)

Uses industry standard storage

protocols to connect to storage

widely dispersed engineers have to

Serving Web pages to thousands of

workstations at the same time

Easily sharing company-wide

information among employees

Low transaction rate

EMC Global Education

EMC Global Education

Host Name = Account1

Volume and Files

EMC Global Education

Group Name = SALES

Group Name = Accounting

ACCOUNT1 /Acct_ Rep

Group Name = SALES

Group Name = Accounting

ACCOUNT1 /Acct_ Rep

Group Name = SALES

Group Name = Accounting

EMC NAS Platforms

EMC Global Education

EMC NAS Platforms

Spanning the Enterprise

Celerra Family DART OS Based