Systems Design,

Implementation, and Operation

Chapter 22

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Learning Objectives
Discuss the conceptual systems design process and
the activities in this phase.
Discuss the physical systems design process and
the activities in this phase.
Discuss the systems implementation and
conversion process and the activities in this phase.
Discuss the systems operation and maintenance
process and the activities in this phase.
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Phase 2: Conceptual Systems Design

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Phase 3: Physical Systems Design

Output design (e.g., reports)
File and database design
Input design (e.g., forms, computer screen
input)
Program design
Procedures design
Control design

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Program Design

Determine user needs

Create and document development plan
Write the computer code
Test the program
Document the program
Train users
Install the system (including components and
hardware)
Use and modify the system
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Phase 4: Systems Implementation

Implementation plan
Select and train personnel
Complete documentation
Development documentation
Operations documentation
User documentation

Testing the system

Conversion
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Testing the System

Walk-throughs
Step by step review

Processing test data

Test all valid transactions and error conditions

Acceptance tests
Use copies of real data

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Conversion Approaches
Direct conversion
Terminates the old and begins with the new system

Parallel conversion
Operate old and new systems for a period of time

Phase-in conversion
Gradual replacement of old elements with new
system elements

Pilot conversion
Implement a system in a part of an organization
(e.g., a branch)
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Phase 5: Operations and Maintenance

Conduct post-implementation review

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Key Terms
Conceptual design
specifications
Conceptual systems design
report
Scheduled report
Special-purpose analysis
report
Triggered exception report
Demand report
Structured programming
Debugging
Program maintenance
Physical systems design report
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Systems implementation
Implementation plan
Walk-through
Processing test data
Acceptance test
Conversion
Direct conversion
Parallel conversion
Phase-in conversion
Pilot conversion
Post-implementation review
Post-implementation review
report
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