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The following chart shows the positive,
negative and interrogative (question)
forms of all the principle tenses in English
with a brief description of the principle
usage.
Tenses
Simple Present
Habitual activities - States
POSITIVE
I play tennis on Mondays.
NEGATIVE
They don't (do not) work in New York.
QUESTION
Does she know him?
Tenses – Simple Present
STRUCTURE
In the positive form add an 's' to the base form of the
3rd person singular. If the verb ends in -y preceded by
a consonant, change the -y to -ies.
I
You
We
eat lunch at noon.
They
He eats lunch
She tries to have at noon.
It fun.
Tenses – Simple Present
STRUCTURES Contd…
Conjugate the helping verb 'do' not (don't
and doesn't) the base form of the verb to
make negatives.
I
You
We
don't leave at noon.
They
He
doesn't
She at noon.
It leave
Tenses – Simple Present
STRUCTURES Contd…
Conjugate the helping verb 'do' (do or does)
the base form of the verb in question forms.
I
You
Do leave at noon?
We
They
He
Does She leave at noon?
It
Tenses – Simple Present
EXAMPLES
Usage : Permanent or long-lasting situations
Where do you work?
The store opens at 9 o'clock.
She lives in New York.
Usage : Facts
The Earth revolves around the Sun.
What does 'strange' mean?
Water doesn't boil at 20°.
Tenses – Simple Present
EXAMPLES
Usage : Feelings
I love walking around late at night during the summer.
She hates flying!
What do you like?
I don't want to live in Texas.
POSITIVE
She went to Paris last week.
NEGATIVE
They didn't (did not) drive to work.
QUESTION
Where did she get that hat?
Tenses – Simple Past
STRUCTURE
In the positive form, for regular verbs, add an
-ed to the base form of the verb. If the verb
ends in -y preceded by a consonant, change
the -y to -ied.
I
You arrived late last night.
He (regular verb)
She
It
We came back late last
You night. (irregular verb)
They
Tenses – Simple Past
STRUCTURE Contd…
I
You
He
She didn't go to New York
It last week.
We
You
They
Tenses – Simple Past
STRUCTURE Contd…
EXAMPLES
Usage : Finished past actions, definite
past
Where did you go yesterday?
The flight left at 8 o'clock.
They didn't come last night.
Tenses
Simple Future
Decisions made at the moment
about the future, future predictions,
future promises
POSITIVE
I'll (will) meet you at the airport tomorrow.
NEGATIVE
He won't (will not) be able to come.
QUESTION
Will they visit us soon?
Tenses – Simple Future
STRUCTURE
Future with Will
S will verb (base form) positve
S will not (won't) verb (base form) negative
will S verb (base form) question
I
You
He will ('ll) help you immediately.
She
It won't leave soon.
We
You
They
Will it rain tomorrow?
Tenses – Simple Future
EXAMPLES
Usage : Used for predictions
It will snow tomorrow.
She won't win the election.
EXAMPLES
Usage : Used for offers
I'll make you a sandwich.
They'll help you if you want.
STRUCTURE Contd…
Future with 'going to'
Conjugate the helping verb "be" 'going to'
verb (base form).
STRUCTURE Contd…
Future with ‘not going to'
Conjugate the helping verb "be" not going to
verb (base form)
STRUCTURE Contd…
Future with ‘going to?'
Question word conjugate the helping verb
'be' subject going to verb (base form)
am I going to
are you going to
is he going to
is she going to
What is it going to do tomorrow?
are we going to
are you going to
are they going to
Tenses – Simple Future
EXAMPLES
Usage : The future with 'going to' is used to
express planned events or intentions. These
events or intentions are decided on before the
moment of speaking. NOTE
'Going to' or '-ing' are often both correct for planed
events. 'Going to' should be used for distant future
intentions (example: He's going to study Law)
EXAMPLES
Usage : Used for future predictions
based on physical (usually visual)
evidence.
Oh no! Look at those clouds. It's going to rain.
Be careful! You're going to drop those dishes!
Tenses – Simple Future
STRUCTURE Contd…
Future with '-ing' (present continuous)
Conjugate the helping verb "be" and verb
-ing.
I'm (I am)
You're (You are)
He's (He is)
She's (She is)
working next week.
It's (It is)
We're (We are)
You're (You are)
They're (They are)
Tenses – Simple Future
STRUCTURE Contd…
Future with '-ing' (present continuous)
Conjugate the helping verb "be" not verb
-ing.
STRUCTURE Contd…
Future with '-ing' (present continuous)
Question word conjugate the helping verb
'be' subject verb -ing
am I
are you
is he
What is she doing this afternoon?
is itare we
are you
are they
Tenses – Simple Future
EXAMPLES
Usage : Used for planned or personally
scheduled events. Usually used with principle
verbs such as: come, go, begin, start, finish, have,
etc. NOTE 'Going to' or '-ing' are often both correct
for planed events. 'Going to' should be used for
distant future intentions (example: He's going to
study Law)
STRUCTURE Contd…
Future with Simple Present
In the positive form add an 's' to the base form of
the 3rd person singular. If the verb ends in -y
preceded by a consonant, change the -y to -ies.
I
You
arrive at noon.
We
They
He
She arrives at noon.
It
Tenses – Simple Future
STRUCTURE Contd…
Future with Simple Present
Conjugate the helping verb 'do' not (don't and
doesn't) the base form of the verb to make
negatives.
I
You
don't leave at noon.
We
They
He
She doesn't leave at noon.
It
Tenses – Simple Future
STRUCTURE Contd…
Future with Simple Present
Conjugate the helping verb 'do' (do or does) the
base form of the verb in question forms.
I
You
Do We
leave at noon?
They
He
Does She leave at noon?
It
Tenses – Simple Future
EXAMPLES
Usage : Used for scheduled public
events such as train and plane
schedules, course schedules, etc.
Present Continuous
Actions happening at the present
moment. Near future intention and
scheduling.
POSITIVE
He's (is) working at the moment.
NEGATIVE
They aren't (are not) coming this evening.
QUESTION
What are you doing?
Tenses – Present Continuous
STRUCTURE
Conjugate the helping verb "be" and verb -ing.
I'm (I am)
You're (You are)
He's (He is)
She's (She is)
working today.
It's (It is)
We're (We are)
You're (You are)
They're (They are)
Tenses – Present Continuous
STRUCTURE Contd…
Conjugate the helping verb "be" not verb -ing.
STRUCTURE Contd…
Question word conjugate the helping verb 'be'
subject verb -ing
am I
are you
is he
is she
What doing this afternoon?
is it
are we
are you
are they
Tenses – Present Continuous
NEGATIVE
He wasn't (was not) working when she arrived.
QUESTION
What were you doing when I called?
Future Continuous
Future action at a specific moment
in the future.
POSITIVE
I'll (will) be cooking dinner when you arrive.
NEGATIVE
They won't (will not) be living in Paris this time
next year.
QUESTION
What will you be doing next week at this time?
Future with Going to
Future intent or planned action
POSITIVE
He's (is) going to fly to Boston next week.
NEGATIVE
They're (are) not going to invite the Browns.
QUESTION
Where are you going to stay?
Tenses – Present Perfect
Present Perfect
1)To express an action that was
begun in the past and continues
into the present.
POSITIVE
I've (have) seen Mick three times this
week.
NEGATIVE
She hasn't (has not) been to New York.
QUESTION
How long have you worked at Smith's?
Tenses – Present Perfect
STRUCTURE
Conjugate the verb 'have' (have or has) past
participle. Regular verbs end in -ed. If the verb
ends in -y preceded by a consonant, change the
-y to -ied. Irregular verbs must be studied. .
I
You
have lived in Seattle since 1978.
We
They
He
She has worked for many years.
It
Tenses – Present Perfect
STRUCTURE
Conjugate the verb 'have' (have or has) not
past participle. Regular verbs end in -ed. If the
verb ends in -y preceded by a consonant,
change the -y to -ied. Irregular verbs must be
studied.
I
You
We
haven't seen Tom.
They
He
She hasn't left yet.
It
Tenses – Present Perfect
STRUCTURE
Conjugate the verb 'have' (have or has)
Subject past participle. Regular verbs end in
-ed. If the verb ends in -y preceded by a
consonant, change the -y to -ied. Irregular
verbs must be studied.
I
You
Have We
been to Paris?
They
He
Has She finished yet?
It
Tenses – Present Perfect
EXAMPLES
Usage : Giving or asking for news or recent
events.
Fred Meyers has had excellent profits this quarter.
The class's understanding has increased greatly this
semester.
Have they finished the report yet?
EXAMPLES
Usage : Life experience
She's traveled in many parts of the world.
Have you ever been to France?
They've never seen a mountain.
NEGATIVE
She hadn't (had not) been to Rome before that
trip.
QUESTION
Had you ever seen such a crazy lady before that?
Future Perfect
To express what will have happened or
how long something will have happened up
to a certain point in the future.
POSITIVE
We'll (will) have lived here for twenty years by 2005.
NEGATIVE
She won't (will not) have finished her homework by the
time we arrive.
QUESTION
How long will you have lived in France by the end of next
year?
I Appreciate your patience…..
danx a lot…chow