Presentation on

Centrifugal
Pump

Presented by
shivendra kumar
b.Tech iii year
V SEM(M.E)

SubmitTED to:Assist.Prof. mr.manish

sharma

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Centrifugal pump
Overview
1. Introduction
2. Main part of centrifugal pump
3.
4.
5.
6.

Efficiency of centrifugal pump

Minimum starting speed of centrifugal pump
Working mechanism of centrifugal pump
Advantage & disadvantage of centrifugal
pump
7. Multistage centrifugal pump
8. Characteristic of single stage centrifugal
pump
9. Cavitation
10.Power & efficiency calculation
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11.Pump selection
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WHAT IS CENTRIFUGAL
PUMP?
Convert the mechanical energy
into hydraulic energy by
centrifugal force on the liquid
Constitute the most common
type of pumping machinery
Used to move liquids through a
piping system

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MAIN PART OF CENTRIFugal

PUMP
I. IMPELLER
II. CASING
III. SUCTION PIPE WITH A FOOT
VALVE
IV. DELIVERY PIPE

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EFFICIENCY OF CENTRIFUGAL
PUMP

etric efficiency

2.Mechanical efficiency

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3.Overall efficiency

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minimum starting speed of centrifugal

pump

The expression is given by:

Where
Starting speed =N
Manometric efficiency =
whirl velocity
=
diameters
=

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WORKING MECHANISM
OF A CENTRIFUGAL
PUMP
Simplest piece of equipment in any process
plant
Energy changes occur by virtue of impeller
and volute
Liquid is fed into the pump at the center of a
rotating impeller and thrown outward by
centrifugal force
The conversion of kinetic energy into
pressure energy supplies the pressure
difference between the suction side and
delivery side of the pump

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ADVANTAGE OF CENTRIFUGAL
PUMP
Advantages
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.

Simple in construction
and cheap
Handle liquid with large
amounts of solids
No metal to metal fits
No valves involved in
pump operation
Maintenance costs are
lower
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DISADVANTAGE OF CENTRIFUGAL
PUMP
Disadvantages
i. Cannot handle highly
viscous fluids
efficiently
ii. Cannot be operated at
high heads
iii. Maximum efficiency
holds over a narrow
range of conditions
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Multistage Centrifugal
Pump
A centrifugal pump that consists of two or more impellers
mounted on the same
shaft or on different shafts is called the MULTISTAGE
centrifugal pump.
Multistage pumps are employed to accomplish
the following two important
functions.
1. To produce a high head
2. To develop a high discharge

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1. To produce a high
head
If a high head is to be developed the impeller are connected in
series or same shaft

Total head developed= n

Where n = no. of impellers in series
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2.to discharge a large quantity

of liquid
If discharging large quantity of liquid the impeller are connected in
parallel

Total discharge = n Q

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characteristic curves of single

stage centrifugal pump
1. Main characteristic curves
2. Operating characteristic curves
3. Constant efficiency or muschel curves
1.Main characteristic curves

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2.Operating characteristic curves

If speed is kept constant ,the variation of manometric head

,power and efficiency with respect to discharge

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3.constant efficiency curve

Head vs efficiency and efficiency vs discharge

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PUMPING PROBLEM
Cavitation
Cavitation is defined as the phenomenon of formation of vapour
bubbles and sudden collapsing of vapour bubbles
effect of cavitation
1.The metallic surface damage and cavities are formed on surface
2.Due sudden collapse of vapour bubble .considerable noise and
vibration are produce
3.The efficiency of pump decreases due cavitation
To avoid cavitation

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AND EFFICIENCY CALCULATIONS

The power supplied to the pump:

Where m=mass flow rate, kg/s

H= total discharge head,
N.m/kg
=efficiency

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PUMP SELECTION
The amount of fluid
The properties of the fluid
Type of power supply
Cost and mechanical
efficiency of the pump
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rder of Preference

I. Centrifugal pump
II. Rotary
III. Reciprocating

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CONCLUSIONS
1.Centrifugal pump is a kind of machinery used for
pumping water through the centrifugal movement
2.positive displacement pumps will always be more
efficient than centrifugal pumps due
3. As a conclusion, we had obtained a performance
curve at 3 different speed of pump by avariable
characteristic. The efficiency of pump have related
to the losses mean energy duringthe process. This
efficiency will be increase if less loss occurs

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Thank
you

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