Nyayamrita & Western Idealism

P Vinayacharya

03/31/16

The purpose
To

bring out the comprehensive nature of

Nyayamritas polemics
Nyayamritas relevance in the context of
western thinkers as well
A Presentation as a part of the fellowship of
the Nyayamritam Project

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Topics of Discussion
Major

Western schools of Idealism

Subjective

Idealism
Phenomenalism
Objective Idealism
Metaphysical

outlook

Monism

of Spinoza
Hegelian Monism
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Major Western schools of Idealism

Subjective Idealism

Objects exist only as that of perception and not

beyond it
Objects do not exist if they are not perceived!
Not very rigorous, as Berkeley admits many minds
Infinite mind as the cognizer of the entire universe
Images depend on human mind
Attributes depend on the Infinite Mind
Only direct knowledge possible
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Subjective Idealism examined

Drishti-Srishti-Vada-Bhanga
Ibid
Refutation

vis a vis Advaitahani

Refutation of Ekajiva-sarvamukti
Drig-Drishya Sambandha Anupapatti Bhanga
Ibid
Pratikarma Vyavastha Bhanga
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Major Western schools of Idealism

Phenomenalism
Human

knowledge is limited
Knowledge of phenomenon alone is the
possibility
Hence, objects are just phenomenal, Kant
Experience akin to objects
Knowledge of Noumenal reality as
impossible
Led to scepticism and dichotomy
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Phenomenalism examined
Pratyakshasya

Jatya Prabalyam
Drshyatva Svarupa
Drshyatva Anumana
Experience akin to objects
Satva Nirukti
Gaurava Apatti

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Major Western schools of Idealism

Objective Idealism
Realistic

touch
Clears the dualism of kant
Objects not fully dependent on mind
Substratum of experience
Relativity of attributes and forms
Absolute eternal substance as ALLCOMPRISING
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Objective Idealism examined

Bheda-Abheda

Khandanam

Ibid
Srishti-Drishti

Vada
Pratikarma Vyavastha Bhanga
Drishyatva Svarupa
Ekameva-Advitiyam

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Metaphysical outlook
Monism of Spinoza
Ultimate

Reality as independent
Rejection of all other realities
Matter and mind as essential one
Attributes as creation of the mind
God as bereft of attributes, as it can only
happen by our perception
All attributions as negations
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Monism of Spinoza examined

Definition

of Svatantratattva
Anantam Concept
Neha Nanasti Kincana
Drishyatva Svarupa
Nirgunatva Bhanga
Aparicchinatva

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Metaphysical outlook
Hegelian Monism
Identity

and difference admitted

Unitary function of matter and mind
Real manifestations of reality
Concrete Monism
Unity in diversity
Admission of realistic epistemology

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Hegelian Monism examined

Bhedabheda

refuted
Vivarta-Upadanatva Bhanga
Refutation of true Upadanatva
Refuted
Monotheism as an answer too
Pratikarma Vyavastha Bhanga

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Conclusion
A thorough

study of the Nyayamrita is the

need-of-the-hour
Nyayamrita as a rejoinder to Western
Idealism
Nyayamrita as a universal text of critical
appraisal

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