The United

States and
Hegemony
Aizuddin Alif B. Zainuddin
225554
Muhammad Luqman B. Ismail
227825
Muhammad Yusop B. Mat Jassin
227290
Muhammad Syahmi Bin Nazri
230202
Muhammad Ihsan
224922

Outlines:
1. The history of US Hegemony
How the US becomes hegemony?

2. The difference between hegemony, empire, imperialism

and colonialism.
What are these all about?

3. The Obamas Doctrine and war on terrorism.

The History of US hegemony

The U.S. have been the sole global superpower for
approximately 20 years, perhaps the short period of such
hegemony
In terms of significant superpowers
In the post World War II era
But even as America was flourishing, the inevitable
competition from the Rest of World was smouldering behind
the scenes.

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Flashpoint 1-Viet Nam

The expansion of communism in America

Therefore, Viet Nam was a critical point in the history of the
United States, which represents the point that begins to lose
soldiers, financial benefits too thin worldwide and sowing the
seeds of hatred. Without mentioning, as the Iraq war is totally
free, Washington began by propaganda aims at stirring of
"patriotism".
In Iraq, it's the lie that Saddam Hussein behind 9/11 and that it
remains in weapons of mass destruction is dangerous, while Viet
Nam was two naval battles in the crystal clear waters of Viet
Nam, which (the USS Turner Joy) turned out to be a hoax, since
we have already joined in the war.

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The beginning of financial terrorism

United States Government decided that it needed to "try

something new
Lower interest rates and regulation seem familiar?
Flashpoint 2-9/11

On the other hand, in 2001, the manufacturing base in the

United States is significantly reduced with the Japan only driven
by the electronics and the automotive business.

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The end of the end

Government of the United States as a superpower in the

world was characterized by a continued application of short
term "Band-Aid" to buy time, hoping that things will improve.
There is no long-term strategy, there is a game plan, nothing.
Politicians only become political, do what it takes to get reelected.
Current economic policy

President Obamas economic plan is built on sand.

Gibsons Paradox

HEGEMONY
Referring to the influence of social or culture that
wielded by the dominant group or power.
referred to the dominant position of one state over
others in the international system.
Some liberals scholars used the term leadership
instead of hegemony.
use both hard, military power and soft, diplomatic,
economic / cultural power to maintain its position of
dominance in the region.

EMPIRE
One state dominates over another state, or a
series of states - annexes them to its own territory
in order to form a territorially large polity.
As a territorial empire of direct conquest and
control with force.
As a coercive, hegemonic empire of indirect
conquest and control with power.
Constantly expands territory by force.
Uses taxes, looting and trade to get resources.
Very advanced and powerful military.

IMPERIALISM
Imperialism involved 'the practice, the theory
and the attitudes of a dominating metropolitan
center ruling a distant territory'
The policy by a stronger nation to attempt to
create an empire by dominating weaker nations
economically, politically, culturally, or militarily.
A policy or practice by which a country
increases its power by gaining control over
other areas of the world.

Effect of Imperialism
A positive effect is seen in document one called "Modern Progressive
Nations," it shows how the larger nations gave to the smaller colonies.
The nations built them roads, canals, and railways
A negative effect is seen document two-called "Colonization." In the
picture you can see that the colonies doing the mother country's hard
work did not civilize the smaller colonies.
"The White Man," another negative effect occurs.

COLONIALISM

Colonialism as "the policy and practice of a power in

extending control over weaker people or areas.

Colonialism is a relationship between an indigenous (or

forcibly imported) majority and a minority of foreign
invaders.

Colonialism refers to the 'implanting of settlements on a

distant territory.'

Effect of Colonialism
Military innovation
Imperial armies therefore have a long history of military innovation
in order to gain an advantage over the armies of the people they
aim to conquer
The end of empire
The populations of some colonial territories, such as Canada,
enjoyed relative peace and prosperity as part of a European power,
Impact of health
example, smallpox, measles, malaria, yellow fever, and others were
unknown in pre-Columbian America.

War on Terrorism

Declared by George W. Bush on October 7, 2011.

The purpose is to eliminate al-Qaeda and other
militant organizations.
Supported by Britain along with the support of other
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) countries.
Influence other states to join in the fight against
terrorism and declare the states that are not joining
them as on the side of the terrorist.

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Claiming their act as promoting freedom and human dignity,
they admit that it involved with battle of arms and ideas.
They are using their power in military, diplomatic, financial,
intelligence and law enforcement activities to defend and stop
terrorist operation.
This policy has led to the destruction of Afghanistan & Iraq.
Leaves a significant consequences US failed to counter the
negative perception towards invasion of Iraq.
They then changed to Weapon of Mass Destruction stating
that capturing Osama is their biggest success.

The Obamas Doctrine

What is doctrine ?
Statement of government policy especially in
international relations Merriam Webster.
For example:
The Monroe Doctrine was a U.S. foreign policy regarding
domination of the Americas in 1823. It stated that further
efforts by European nations to colonize land or interfere with
states in North or South America would be viewed as acts of
aggression, requiring U.S. intervention.

To show the stand of one country toward others.

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Emphasize
negotiation
and
collaboration
rather
confrontation and unilateralism in international affairs.

than

In interview with New York Times columnist Thomas Friedman

he said that:
We will engage, but we preserve all our capabilities.
For example:
US Pivot Asia Preserve their power
Iran and North Korea Nuclear issues Threaten their security
Terrorism

CONCLUSION
US want to stay as a top dog in the international community.
Believe they are superior than any other States.
Sometimes they can be so kind, but sometimes they can act
differently.
The rise of other States and any other problems, such as, global
warming, re-emergence of Russia and EU, and the rise of China
may become the issues for the US.
Everywhere.