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PAST PERFECT
TENSE
The Past Perfect expresses the
idea that something occurred
before another action in the
past. It can also show that
something happened before a
specific time in the past.
S + had + V-3
S + had not + V-3
Had + S + V-3
Negative
Pattern
Interrogative
Pattern
PAST PERFECT
TENSE
Adverb :
before....................
after.......................
when.....................
as soon as..............
TIME TABLE
EXAMPLES:
(+) You had studied English
before you moved to New York.
(-) You had not studied English
before you moved to New York.
(?) Had you studied English
before you moved to New York?
EXAMPLES:
(+) George had repaired many cars
before he received his mechanics
license.
(-) George had not repaired many cars
before he received his mechanics
license.
(?) Had George repaired many cars
before he received his mechanics
license?
PAST PERFECT
CONTINUOUS TENSE
For an action which started and finished
in the past before another past action.
We use the Past Perfect Continuous to
show that something started in the past
and continued up until another time in
the past. "For five minutes" and "for two
weeks" are both durations which can be
used with the Past Perfect Continuous.
PAST PERFECT
CONTINUOUS TENSE
Positive
Pattern
Negative
Pattern
Interrogative
Pattern
TIME TABLE
EXAMPLES:
(+) You had been waiting there for more than
two hours when she finally arrived.
(-) You had not been waiting there for more than
two hours when she finally arrived.
(?) Had you been waiting there for more then
two hours when she finally arrived?
EXAMPLES:
(+) Jameshad been teachingat the university for
more than a year before he left for Asia.
(-) Jameshad not been teachingat the university
for more than a year before he left for Asia.
(?) Had James been teachingat the university
for more than a year before he left for Asia?