Wind Energy

Tidal Power

Biomass

Wind
Energy
What is Wind Power?
Wind is caused by huge convection currents in the
Earth's atmosphere, driven by heat energy from the
Sun. This means as long as the sun shines, there will
be wind.
The moving air (wind) has huge amounts
ofkineticenergy, and this can be transferred into
electrical energy usingwind turbines. The wind turns
the blades, which spin a shaft, which connects to a
generator and makes electricity. The electricity is
sent through transmission and distribution lines to a
substation, then on to homes, business and schools.

Wind
Energy
Wind turbines cannot work if there is no wind,
or if the wind speed is so high it would damage
them.
Wind turbines are usually sited on high hills and
mountain ridges to take advantage of the
prevailing winds.
Just like a windmill, wind energy turbines have
been around for over 1000 years. From old
Holland to farms in the United States, windmills
have been used for pumping water or grinding
grain.

windmills

wind
turbines

..How Wind Turbines generate

electricity?

Types of Wind Turbines

1. HAWT (Horizontal Axis Wind
Turbines)
the common style that most of us
think of when we think of a wind
turbine. A HAWT has a similar design
to a windmill, it has blades that look
like a propeller that spin on the
horizontal axis.

HAWT (Horizontal Axis

Wind Turbine)

Types of Wind Turbines

2. VAWT (Vertical Axis Wind Turbines)
have the main rotor shaft arranged
vertically. The main advantage of this
arrangement is that the wind turbine does
not need to be pointed into the wind. This is
an advantage on sites where the wind
direction is highly variable or has turbulent
winds.
With a vertical axis, the generator and other
primary components can be placed near the
ground, so the tower does not need to
support it, also makes maintenance easier.

VAWT (Vertical Axis Wind

Turbines)

 Did you know...

The largest wind turbine in the world, located in Hawaii,
stands 20 stories tall and has blades the length of a
football field.
An average wind speed of 14 miles per hour is needed
to
convert wind energy into electricity.
One wind turbine can produce enough electricity to
power up to 300 homes.
The first power-generating turbine was constructed in
Ohio during the late 1800's and was used to charge
batteries.
Wind energy is the fastest growing segment of all
renewable energy sources.

Wild Horse Wind Farm -Kittitas

County, Washington, USA

Tehachapi Pass Wind Farms

Southern California, USA

Barrow Offshore Wind Farm East

Irish Sea, UK

Middelgrunden Wind Turbine

Cooperative Copenhagen,
Denmark

Wind Power Plants in the

Philippines
Philippine Wind Farm

Puerto Galera,Mindoro

Bangui Wind Farm

Bangui, Ilocos Norte

Caparispisan Wind Farm

Pagudpud, Ilocos Norte

San Lorenzo Wind Farm

San Lorenzo,Guimaras

Burgos Wind Farm

Burgos, Ilocos Norte

Pililla Wind Farm

Pililla, Rizal

Sembrano Wind Farm

Pililla, Rizal

Philippine Wind Farm,

Mindoro

Burgos Wind Farm

ADVANTAGES OF WIND POWER:

1.Once the wind turbine is built the energy it produces
does not cause green house gases or other pollutants.
2.Although wind turbines can be very tall each takes up
only a small plot of land. This means that the land below
can still be used. This is especially the case in
agricultural areas as farming can still continue.
3.Many people find wind farms an interesting feature of
the landscape
.

4.Remote areas that are not connected to the electricity

power grid can use wind turbines to produce their own
supply.

DISADVANTAGES OF WIND
POWER
1.The strength of the wind is not constant and it
varies from zero to storm force. This means that wind
turbines do not produce the same amount of
electricity all the time. There will be times when they
produce no electricity at all.
2.Wind turbines are noisy. Each one can generate the
same level of noise as a family car travelling at 70
mph.
3.Large wind farms are needed to provide entire
communities with enough electricity. For example, the
largest single turbine available today can only provide
enough electricity for 475 homes, when running at full
capacity. How many would be needed for a town of
100 000 people?

Tidal Energy

Biomass
the energy which is contained inside plants and
animals.
This can include organic matter of all kinds: plants,
animals, or waste products from organic sources.
These sorts of energy sources are known as biofuels
and typically include wood chips, rotted trees,
manure, sewage, mulch, and tree components.
Chlorophyll present in plants absorbs carbon dioxide
from the atmosphere and water from the ground
through the process of photosynthesis. The same
energy is passed to animals when they eat them.

Biomass
It is considered to be as renewable
source of energy because carbon
dioxide and water contained inside
plants and animals are released back
in to the atmosphere when they are
burned and we can grow more plants
and crops to create biomass energy.

How is biomass converted into energy?

Burning:
This is a very common way of converting organic matter
into energy. Burning stuff like wood, waste and other plant
matter releases stored chemical energy in the form of heat,
which can be used to turn shafts to produce electricity. Let's
see this simple illustration of how biomass is used to
generate electricity.

1.Energy from the sun is transferred and stored in

plants. When the plants are cut or die, wood
chips, straw and other plant matter is delivered to
the bunker
2.This is burned to heat water in a boiler to
release heat energy (steam).
3.The energy/power from the steam is directed
to turbines with pipes
s by cables.

4.The steam turns a number of blades

in the turbine and generators, which
are made of coils and magnets.
5.The charged magnetic fields
produce electricity, which is sent to
home

Other ways in which organic

matter can be converted into
energy include:

Decomposition:
Things that can rot, like garbage, human and
animal waste, dead animals and the like can be
left to rot, releasing a gas called biogas (also
known as methane gas or landfill gas). Methane
can be captured by a machine called Micro
turbine and converted into electricity. Sometimes,
animal waste (poop) can also be converted into
methane by a machine called 'Anaerobic
Digester'

Fermentation:
Ethanol can be produced from crops
with lots of sugars, like corn and
sugarcane. The process used to
produce ethanol is called
gasification.

How does it work?

 Stevens Croft in Lockerbie,

Scotland is the UKs largest
wood fired biomass station. With
an output of 44MW it supplies
the electrical needs of 70,000
Scottish homes, displacing
around 140,000 tonnes of
greenhouse gases.

Stevens Croft in
Lockerbie, Scotland

Station

Country

Drax

United Kingdom

Tilbury B

United Kingdom

Ironbridge B

United Kingdom

Alholmens Kraft

Finland

Maasvlakte 3

Netherlands

Poaniec

Poland

Atikokan Generating Station

Canada

Rodenhuize

Belgium

Ashdown Paper Mill

United States

Drax, United Kingdom

Alholmens Kraft, Finland

Maasvlakte 3, Netherlands

Biomass Power Plants in the

Philippines
Green Power Panay Philippines Inc: One 35 MW
Biomass Power Plants - Mina, Iloilo, Panay,
Philippines.
Green Power Nueva Ecija Philippines Inc: One
35 MW Biomass Power Plants - San Leonardo, Nueva
Ecija, Luzon, Philippines.
Green Power Bukidnon Philippines Inc: One 35
MW Biomass power Plant - Maramag, Bukidnon,
Mindanao, Philippines.
Green Power Cagayan Philippines Inc: One 35
MW Biomass Power Plant - Alcala, Cagayan, Luzon,
Philippines.

Advantages
Produces less
pollution than fossil
fuels.
Does not cause acid
rain.
Can be found
locally.
It is renewable.
Disadvantages
Inefficient (only 30%
efficiency).
Releases harmful
solid carbon particles
into the atmosphere.