Approaches to combine solar

photovoltaic and thermal system

(PVT)

C S Malvi History Problem Principle Approaches Weakness Proposal

 History
700BC: Fire by Magnifying glasses

200BC: Archimedes used the bronze shields of the Greek army to reflect sunlight

100AD: Roman Baths had large south facing windows

1767: The first solar collector was built for cooking

1839: Photovoltaic was discovered by a French scientist

1891: The first commercial solar water heater was patented

1905: Albert Einstein published his paper on photoelectric – along with his paper on his theory of relativity….

1921: Einstein won the Nobel Prize for his theories explaining the photoelectric effect.

1947: The first passive solar buildings are built in the USA as energy is scarce due to WW2

1954: Photovoltaic technology is born

1958: Solar Power is utilised by the NASA Space Programme to provide energy for their satellites

1963: Sharp Corporation develop practical Silicon Photovoltaic Modules

1981: First Solar powered aircraft flies the English Channel

1994: First solar cell developed which is greater than 30% efficiency

2000: 33,000 solar cells are installed on each wing of the International Space Station

In the future it is unlikely that there will be any major developments in solar panels as the latest thermal systems are 97% efficient.

C S Malvi History Problem Principle Approaches Weakness Proposal

 H
E
L
P
C S Malvi History Problem Principle Approaches Weakness Proposal
 We are facing
Global warming
with
limited energy resources

We need
unlimited and
pollution free
resource of energy

C S Malvi History Problem Principle Approaches Weakness Proposal

 Useful forms of energy

•Heat
•electricity

C S Malvi History Problem Principle Approaches Weakness Proposal

 Solar Photovoltaic Panel Solar Thermal Panel
Or Or
Solar cell Solar Water Heating System
Both are
separate
technology

C S Malvi History Problem Principle Approaches Weakness Proposal

 Excess heat

C S Malvi History Problem Principle Approaches Weakness Proposal

 CHAPS-combined heat and power solar

In 2005,
Australia
combined heat and power solar (CHAPS)
by Coventry
a parabolic trough of concentration CHAPS-combined heat and power solar
thermal efficiency was around 58% and
electrical efficiency around 11%, therefore a
combined efficiency of 69%

C S Malvi History Problem Principle Approaches Weakness Proposal

 Two prototypes developed by Chow
2003
HongKong
By Chow
generates higher energy output per collector surface area
Two prototypes developed by Chow

C S Malvi History Problem Principle Approaches Weakness Proposal

 IPVTS -integrated PVT system
In 2001
Taiwan
unglazed polycarbonate material plate collector
40 liter with corrugated structure flow channels fitted below the PV panel
a 3 W DC motor was provided for water circulation
9% electrical efficiency and 38%

IPVTS -integrated PVT system

C S Malvi History Problem Principle Approaches Weakness Proposal

 SolarNor collector with granulates
In 2002
by Sandnes and Rekstad
polymer solar heat-collector combined with single-c Si PV module
plastic containing wall-to-wall channels filled with ceramic granulates

C S Malvi History Problem Principle Approaches Weakness Proposal

 USE OF PHASE CHANGE MATERIALS (PCM)
1985
Garg, Sharma et al
an Augmented Integral Rock System on such a solar air heater for agriculture use with the
advantage that it can supply warm air in Sun-off hours

C S Malvi History Problem Principle Approaches Weakness Proposal

 Solar 8 from Arontise

Arontise - Sweden company

a trough type PVT collector ‘Solar 8’ with solar tracker and fix stand
the actual photo of the product and other specifications are L/W/H =5/2/1.4 m, Aperture Area= 5
m2, Electrical Power= 500 W and, Thermal Power= 2250 W with Price = 700 Euro/ m2

Solar 8 from Arontise

C S Malvi History Problem Principle Approaches Weakness Proposal

 HD 16 from HD Solar

HeloDynamics
HD Solar Co., UK.
a tracking system with modular concentrating PVT collector
pole-mounted over parking areas suitable for mid-latitudes (20o Cto 40oC)
HD 16 from HD Solar

C S Malvi History Problem Principle Approaches Weakness Proposal

 Menova Engg. Inc-Power Spar

Canada
for domestic application
PV module in series with trough type concentrator with fixed stand

Menova Engg. Inc-Power Spar

C S Malvi History Problem Principle Approaches Weakness Proposal

 Air type PVT collector

Aidt Miljo-SolarVenti air type PVT collector is utilized for ventilation in summer for the cottages. It
is roof fitted collector which area starts from 0.39 m2 with price 400 Euro

Air type PVT collector

C S Malvi History Problem Principle Approaches Weakness Proposal

 PVTWINS from Netherlands
TwinSolar from Grammer Solar Company
a flat plate collector which has thermal panel and PV module fitted side by side.

PVTWINS from Netherlands

C S Malvi History Problem Principle Approaches Weakness Proposal

 Opportunity

Combination of PV and PV
PCM to cool PV cell as Combination of
they are no more PV/Thermal by direct
efficient in heat pasting

Solar
Thermal
PCM

Using PCM for Sun-off period

C S Malvi History Problem Principle Approaches Weakness Proposal

 Excess heat

Phase Change Material

(PCM) Stores and
releases heat

C S Malvi History Problem Principle Approaches Weakness Proposal

 Schematic of PVT collector with PCM

Φ12

5
2
30

30

All dimensions are in mm

C S Malvi History Problem Principle Approaches Weakness Proposal

 Heat flow

Solar Cell Cover

Dish type Cu tube PCM
collector coil

Layer wise diagram

C S Malvi History Problem Principle Approaches Weakness Proposal
 Proposal

C S Malvi History Problem Principle Approaches Weakness Proposal

 Cold water

Hot water

•Single system
•Less area requires
•No noise
•No pollution
•Renewable
•Input free
C S Malvi History Problem Principle Approaches Weakness Proposal
 Thank you…
Chandra Shekhar Malvi Research Scholar
E-mail : csmalvi@gmail.com Energy and Resource Research Institute,
SPEME, Faculty of Engineering,
University of Leeds

C S Malvi History Problem Principle Approaches Weakness Proposal