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obtaining
parameter
values,
reliability
models
for
fault
tolerant
synchronization
in
hardware.
hardware redundancy,
software error models,
Taking time into account,
clock synchronization,
nonfault-tolerant
synchronization algorithms,
Roll No: 15
R(T) = (8.1)
where:
A : Represents a constant.
Ea : Represents the activation energy and depends largely
on the logic family used.
K : Represents the Boltzmann constant (0.8625 x I 04e V/K).
T : Represents the temperature (in degrees Kelvin).
The model also assumes that Cd is the same for both the
primary element and the backup element.
In practice, there may be different levels of fault
detection coverage between primary and backup
equipment due to a difference in test exposure intensity.
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Types
Software reliability can be divided into categories:
1. Prediction modeling
2. Estimation modeling.
These modeling techniques follow observation and
analyzes with statistical inference.
Prediction Model:
Estimation Model :
development
effort
and
doesn't
use
the
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NMR
is
used,
before
writing
into
checkpoint
Clock Synchronization
Definition
controlling
joint
activity,
and
the
Another aspects
For these kinds of events, we introduce the concept of a
logical clock, one where the clock need not have any
bearing on the time of day but rather be able to create
event sequence numbers that can be used for comparing
sets of events, such as a messages.
time-of-day
clocks
among
groups
of
Lamports algorithm
remedies the situation by forcing a resequencing of
timestamps
to ensure that the happens before relationship is
properly depicted for events related to sending and
receiving messages. It works as follows:
Impact Of fault
Introduction
Loss of synchrony
Synchronization is carried out by exchanging
timing messages and adjusting themselves
appropriately.
form,
Filter
VCO
Fig Explained..
The objectives is to align, as closely as possible,
the output of the oscillator with an oscillatory
signal input.
Advantages
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