Guidance 02 009

History
of School
Counseling
DE GUZMAN, MIA MILAGROS
T.
II-17 BSE ENGLISH
PROF ED 5
BEFORE THAT, LETS RECALL

FIRST:
GUIDANCE
COUNSELIN
G
GUIDANCE VS. COUNSELING

Guidance
Counselin
g
AIM IS TO help
people
Preproble
m
preparatio
n
Post
problem
interventio
n
TIMELIN
E
4
TIMELINE
SCHOOL
COUNSELING
profession
Vocational
guidance
movement
(beginning
of the 20th
century)
5
Beginning of the 20th century1940s

1907 - Jesse B. Davis is thought
to be the first to implement a
systematic guidance system in
public schools. (Schmidt, 2003)
1908 Bureau of Vocational Guidance was
established by Frank Parsons
1920s to the 1930s grew and

declined
Source: www.schoolcounselor.com
Beginning of the 20th century1940s
Grew: there was a rise of

progressive education in schools
Declined: many schools reacted to
this movement as ANTIEDUCATIONAL (said that the
fundamentals of education should
be the only thing taught) + GREAT
DEPRESSION
1940s - military
History and Development of School

Counseling (Allyn & Bacon 2004)
Frank Parsons the Father of Guidance.
Stressed the scientific approach to selecting a career.
In selecting a vocation:
One must have a clear self-understanding of
ones aptitudes, abilities, interests, resources
and limitations.
Knowledge of the requirements,
advantages, and disadvantages of different
employment.
An understanding of how these two are
related.
8
History and Development of School

Counseling (Allyn & Bacon 2004)
GREAT DEPRESSION
The Great Depression was a severe
worldwide economic depression in the
decade preceding World War II. The
timing of the Great Depression varied
across nations, but in most countries it
started in 1930 and lasted until the late
1930s or middle 1940s. It was the
longest, most widespread, and deepest
depression of the 20th century.
1950s to the 1970s

1950s Guidance and Personnel
Service Section in the Division of
State and Local School Systems
1957 National Defense

Educational Act
10
1950s to the 1970s

1960s to the 1970s the
profession continued to grow
Funds
New legislation
New professional developments
From vocational/career devt purpose,
its focus shifted on STUDENTS
PERSONAL AND SOCIAL ISSUES
11
1950s to the 1970s

Late 60s to the early 70s
research work by Norm Gysbers
showed that there must be a more
strategic and systematic goal of
having a comprehensive devt
school counseling programs for
every student (K-12)
12
1980s and 1990s

1980s to the early 1990s US
wasnt a player in the educational
reform efforts
Campbell and Dahir, 1997
American School Counseling
Association (ASCA) National
Standards for School Counseling
3 core domains
- academic
- career
Source:
www.schoolcounselor.com 13
- personal/social
1980s and 1990s

Late 1990s Educational Trusts
project (Pat Martin): School
Counseling WILL help close
achievement gaps hindering the
life successes of children and
adolescents, including children and
adolescents of color, poor and
working class children and
adolescents, bilingual children and
adolescents and children and
Source: www.schoolcounselor.com 14
adolescents with disabilities.
1980s and 1990s

Late 1990s National Center form
Transforming School Counseling
(House and Martin, 2003
15
Recent
2002 ASCA released ASCA
National Model Framework (Dr.
Trish Hatch and Dr. Judy Bowers)
Counseling components:
the work of Norm Gysbers, Curly &
Sharon Johnson, Robert Myrick, Dahir
& Campbell's ASCA National
Standards
+ skill-based focus:
Educational Trust (Pat Martin and Reese
House)
Source: www.schoolcounselor.com 16
Recent
2002 RAMP (Recognized ASCA
Model Programs
2003 Center for School
Counseling Outcome Research was
developed (Jay Carey)
2004 ASCA Code of Ethics was
revised
National Office for School Counselor
Advocacy (NOSCA) (House & Lee)
17
Recent
2006 (January 1) US congress
officially declared Feb 6-10 as
National School Counseling Week
2008 first NOSCA study was
released by Jay Carey
ASCA released School Counseling
Competencies
Standards Blending (Dr. Rita
Schellenberg)
SCOPE
Source:
SCORE
. . www.schoolcounselor.com
.
18
Recent
2008 Standards Blending (Dr.
Rita Schellenberg)
SCOPE (School Counseling
Operational Plan for Effectiveness)
SCORE (School Counseling
Operational Report of Effectiveness)
19
Recent
2012 most recent version of
ASCA National Model was
published
20
GOAL!!!
increase student academic, career,
college, and personal/social
competencies including reduced
achievement and opportunity gaps
for all students
21
OTHER COUNTRIES
(including the
Philippines)
A balanced, comprehensive school counseling program

provides services to promote student success. It
involves school counselors working in conjunction with
parents, teachers and other school personnel and community
agencies. Many developmental concepts that must be covered
through a comprehensive program can be incorporated into
other classroom studies, giving the school counselor more
opportunities for
direct
counseling,
prevention,
and
remediation functions. It is important that a comprehensive
school counseling program provide a range of services in order
to address the needs of all students. Counselors should
strive to balance their time among all these services,
based on the unique needs of their school community.
By developing and implementing a comprehensive school
counseling plan, school counselors can establish services and
activities that allow them to spend most of their time
providing direct
services
to children.
22
Source:
www.schoolcounselor.com
SUMMARY ^o^
In the United States, the school counseling
profession began as a vocational guidance
movement at the beginning of the 20th
century (Schmidt, 2003, p. 6). In 1907, Jesse B.
Davis became the principal at the Center High
School in Detroit, Michigan and encouraged
the
school
English
teachers
to
use
compositions and lessons to relate career
interests, develop character, and avoid
behavioral
problems.
From
that
grew
systematic guidance programs which later
evolved into comprehensive school counseling
programs that address three basic domains:
23
academic
development,
career development,
Source:
www.schoolcounselor.com
and personal/social development.
REFERENCES:
American School Counselor Association (2005). The ASCA
National Model: A framework for school counseling
programs. Alexandria, VA: Author.
Education Trust. Retrieved from
http://www.edtrust.org/node/139
Schmidt, J. J. (2003). Counseling in schools: Essential
services and comprehensive programs, 4th ed. Boston,
MA.: Allyn & Bacon.
School Counselor. Retrieved from
http://www.thenewschoolcounselor.com
Wikipedia. The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved from
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_school_counseli
ng
Wikipedia. The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved from
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Depression
24

Guidance 02 009

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Guidance 02 009

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

History

BEFORE THAT, LETS RECALL

GUIDANCE VS. COUNSELING

Beginning of the 20th century1940s

1920s to the 1930s grew and

Beginning of the 20th century1940s

Grew: there was a rise of

History and Development of School

History and Development of School

1950s to the 1970s

1957 National Defense

1950s to the 1970s

1950s to the 1970s

1980s and 1990s

1980s and 1990s

1980s and 1990s

A balanced, comprehensive school counseling program

You might also like