Verbo be

Para enunciados singulares y contracciones.

AFFIRMATIVE STATEMENTS /
CONTRACTIONS

NEGATIVE STATEMENTS /
CONTRACTIONS

I am Ann. / Im Ann.

I am not Jen. / Im not Jen.

You are an architect. / Youre an

architect.

You are not an artist. / Youre not an

artist. / You arent an artist.

He is a teacher. / Hes a teacher.

He is not a student. / Hes not a

student. / He isnt a student.

She is a singer. / shes a singer.

She is not a banker. / Shes not a

banker. / She isnt a banker.
Se utiliza el an cuando empieza con
vocal(a,e,i,o,u) y a cuando empieza
con consonante(b,c,d,f..) .

Singular y plural sustantivos. /Be:

Enunciados plurales.
SINGULAR NOUNS

PLURAR NOUNS

A chef

2 Chefs

An athlete

3 athletes

PRONOMBRES
PERSONALES.

SINGULAR

PLURAL

WE

YOU

YOU

HE

THEY

SHE

AFFIRMATIVE STATEMENTS /
CONTRACTIONS

NEGATIVE STATEMENTS /
CONTRACTIONS

We are photographers. / Were

photographers.

We are not chefs. / Were not chefs. / We

arent chefs.

You are scientits. / Youre scientist.

You are not pilots. / Youre not pilots. /

You arent pilots.

They are writers. / Theyre writers.

They are not artists. / theyre not artists.

/ they arent artist.

Preguntas Yes / No
y respuestas cortas.
YES/
NO QUESTIONS

SHORT
ANDSWERS
Yes, I am.

Are you
Is he
Is Tanya

an architect?

Are you
Are they
Are Ted and Jane

Yes,

Musicians? Yes,

He
She
We
They

No, Im not.
is.

are.

No,

Hes
Shes

No,

Were
They,re

not.

not

Recordar:
Cuando son respuestas
afirmativas cortas NO se debe
abreviar el verbo be(Is,Are).

Recordar:
Utilizar letra mayscula al principio
para nombres
propios (Nombre de
G
una persona o lugares).

Sustantivos posesivos
y adjetivos posesivos.
POSSESSIVE NOUNS

POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES

Al Smith is Kates boss.

He is her boss.

Larrys colleague is Teresa.

Teresa is his colleague.

We are Sara and Todds neighbors.

We are their beighbors.

I am Ms.Tans student.

She is my teacher.

We are Martys classmates.

Marty is our classmate.

SUBJECT
PRONOUN
S

POSSESSIVE
ADJECTIVES

MY

YOU

YOUR

HE

HIS

SHE

HER

WE

OUR

THEY

THEIR

Be from
Preguntas con Where
Are you from Paraguay?

Yes I am. / No, Im not.

Is she from Moscow?

Yes, She is. / No, shes not.

Where are you from?

Were from Bangkok.

Wheres she from?

Shes from Canada.

BE CAREFUL! Are you from

Spain?

Yes, I am. NOT Yes, Im from.

Recordar:
Contractions:
Where is=Wheres

Preguntas de informacin
con What.
Whats his name?

(Mark crandall.)

Whats his last name?

Whats Ellens address?
Whats her e-mail address?

(Crandall.)
(18 Main Street.)
(Dover14@
hipnet.com.)

Whats their phone number?

(835-555-0037.)

What are their first names?

(Luis and Samuel.)

Recordar:
El @ se dice: at
El . se dice: dot
El 0 se dice: Zero

Ubicaciones

Preguntas con Where donde el pronombre

del sujeto es It
Utilza Where con preguntas de ubicaciones.
Ex. Wheres the restaurant?
CONTRACTIONS:
It is= Its

Utiliza It para remplazar nombres de plazas.

Ex.Its Down the street. (It=The restaurant).

El imperativo.
Para dar instrucciones y direcciones.
AFFIRMATIVE IMPERACTIVES

NEGATIVE IMPERATIVES

Drive (To the bank).

Take the bus (To the pharmacy).

Dont Walk.
Dont take the train.
Recordar:
Do not = Dont

By
Para expresar medios.

By taxy

By bicycle

By motorcycle

Preguntas con who

Para preguntar quien es una
persona.
Who is he?
Whos Louse?
Who are they?
Who are Nina and Jan?

Hes my dad.
Shes my mom.
Theyre my sisters.
Theyre my daughters.
Contraction:
Who is= Whos

Be con adjectivos y
Adverbios Very y So
DESCRIBE PERSONAS CON FORMA DE
BE Y UN ADJETIVO.
Shes pretty.
Hes handsome.

Theyre goodlooking.
Your children are
cute.

ADJECTIVES TO
DESCRIBE PEOPLE.
PRETTY

HANDSOME

GOODLOOKING

CUTE

SHORT

TALL

OLD

YOUNG

LOS ADVERBIOS VERY Y SO HACEN LOS ADJETIVOS MAS

FUERTES.
Shes so pretty.

Theyre very good-looking.

Hes very handsome.

Your children are so cute.

Verbo Have y Has

Para enunciados afirmativos.
I
You
We
They

Have a
brother.

He
She

I have one son and one daughter.

Mark has two brothers.
We have twelve grandchildren.
Carl and Anna have two children.

Has three
Sisters.

Preguntas con How old

Para preguntar que edad tiene una
persona.

How old
is

How old
are

He?
She?
Your sister?

Hes nineteen years old.

Shes thirty-three.
Shes twenty.

Theyre twenty-nine.
They?
Theyre fifty and fifty-two.
Your parents?

Preguntas acerca del tiempo y

preposiciones At y On
What time is it?

(Its) five twenty.

What times the party?

(Its) at nine thirty.

What day is the concert? (Its) on Saturday.

Whens the dance?

(Its) at ten o clock.

(Its) on Friday at 10:00
P.M.
Contractions:
What time is=What times
When is= Whens

Preposiciones con In, On y At.

Para datos y tiempos.
Whens the party?

In January

Whens the meeting?

On Tuesday

Whens the dance?

On January

Whens the dinner?

On the 12th

What times the movie?

At noon

What times the dance?

At 8:30
BE CAREFUL!
IN THE MORNING
IN THE AFTERNOON
IN THE EVENING
BUT AT NIGHT.

Demostrativos This, That,

These y Those.

These y Those son pluares .

This y These para cuando es cerca.
That y Those para cuando es lejos.

Pasado simple
Enunciados afirmativos con like, Want,
Need y Have.
I
You
We
They
Sara
and Jim

Like
Want
Need
Have

Those
sweaters

Tina likes these

shoes.

He
She
Cassie
IVan

Lisa wants that

shit.

Rob needs a book. Now he has a

Likes
Wants
Needs
Has

Those
Sweaters,
too

Recordar:
Para He,She, It,
agregar S pero en
Have cambiar a Has.

Presente simple: Enunciados negativos y

preguntas yes-no con Like, Want, Need
y Have
NEGATIVE STATEMENTS.
I
You
They

Dont want
Dont need Extra large.
Dont have

He
She

Doesnt like
Doesnt need Red shirts.
Doesntt have

YES-NO QUESTIONS.
Do

Does

You
They

Want
the suit
Need
in large?
Have

I
Yes, We Do.
They

I
No, We Dont.
They

He
She

Like
those
Need
shoes
Have
in back?

He
Yes, She Does.

No,

He Doesnt.
She

Colocacin
del adjetivo.
Los adjetivos vienen antes que los sustantivos
que describen.
A long skirt.

Tight shoes.

A red and black tie.

Los adjetivos no cambian.

A clean shirt.

Its a long skirt.

Clean shirts.
BE CAREFUL!

Presente simple.
Preguntas con What, Why, y
which
Utiliza las palabras Do o Does para preguntas
informativas en el tiempo presente simple.
What do you need? A Blue and
white tie.

What does she want? New shoes.

Utiliza Because para contestar preguntas con Why

Why do they want that suit?
Because its nice.

Why does he like this tie?

Because Its green.

Utiliza Which para preguntar sobre la eleccin y

responde con one or ones.
Which sweater do you want? The
blue one.

Which shoes does she like? The

black ones.

Presente simple
Reglas ortogrficas con
He,She, It.

Recordar:
Do=Does
Go=Goes
Have=Has
Study=Studies

Agregar S para la forma de base de la mayora de

los verbos.
Gets
Shaves
Combs
Agregar ES para verbos que terminan en S, Sh,
Ch, o X
Brushes
Watches

Presente simple
Preguntas con When y What time
When do you take a showe? In the morning.
What time does she get up? Before 7:00 A.M.

100%

Pasado Simple
Adverbios de frecuencia.
I always play soccer on Saturday
I usually check e-mail in the evening.
I sometimes go dancing on weekends.
I never take a nap in the afternoon.

0%

Recordar:
Siempre se coloca primero el adverbio de frecuencia
antes que el verbo en pasado simple.

Simple pasado. Preguntas con How often

Para preguntar cada cuanto.
How often do you take out the M T W T F S S
garbage? x x x x x x x
I take out the garbage every day.
How often does she go shopping?
She goes shopping on Saturdays.

Tambin:
Once a yer
Twice a day
Three times a month
Every weekend
Every Friday

Other expressions.
Once a week
Twice a week
Three times a week

M T

W T

S
X

X
M T
X

W T

X X

S S

Pasado simple
Preguntas con Who como sujeto.
Who washes the dishes in
your family?

I do. / My sister does.

We do. / My grandparents
do.

Recordar:
Siempre utiliza una tercera persona singular
del verbo cuando Who es el sujeto.
No utilizar Do o Does cuando Who es el
sujeto.

Pasado simple
Preguntas con where.
Questions with where
Where do

You
Your
parents

live?

He
Where does Your
mother

work?

Preposiciones de plaza.
IN
She lives in an
apartment.

AT
I live at 50 Main
Street.

ON
Her house is on
Bank Street.

They live in a house. He works at the

bookstore.

We go to school on
34th Avenue.

I work in an office.

I work on he tenth
floor.

They study at the

new English School.

There is y There are.

Use There is with singular
nouns.
Theres a small bedroom
downstairs.

Use There are with plurar

nouns.
There are three large bedrooms
upstairs.

Theres a large closet and two

windows.

There are two windows and a large

closet.

Theres no kitchen.

There are no elevators.

Yes, There is
Is there a balcony? No, There isnt. Are there closets?

Yes, There are

No, There arent.

How Many
Preguntas acerca de cantidad con How Many. Utiliza
siempre un sustantivo plurar para How many
How many bathrooms are there? There are two.
How many bedrooms do you have? We have three.

Presente continuo: Declaraciones.

Para expresar acciones en progreso
ahora.
AFFIRMATIVE
Im studying.
Youre shaving.
Shes taking a bath.
Its raining.
Were watching TV.
Theyre exercising.

NEGATIVE
Im not eating.
Youre not making.
Shes not taking.
Its not snowing.
Were not reading.
Theyre not taking a nap.

RECORDAR:
Se utiliza el verbo BE y el presente participio.
El presente participio es al que se le agrega al verbo ING.

Preguntas YES-NO con el

presente continuo.
Are you eating right Yes, I am.
now? No Im not.
Yes, she is.
Is she taking the bus? No, shes not.
No,She isnt.
Yes it is.
Is it raining? No, its not.
No, it isnt.
Yes, they are.
Are they walking? No, they arent.
Bo, theyre not.

Presente continuo
Preguntas informativas.
What is she wearing? A ong
black skirt.

What are you doing? Were

checking e-mail.

Where is he driving? To work. Where are they going?

Theyre going to the movies.
But: Note the different work order when who is
the subject.
Who is working? Ben.
Reglas ortograficas:
Agregar ing a los verbos.
Pero cuando al final del verbo termina en
consonante-vocal-consonante se le agrega de
nuevo la ltima consonante. Ex: Shop=Shopping,
Get=Getting, Put=Putting.

Presente continuo con expresiones

presentes y futuras de tiempo.
ACTIONS IN THE PRESENT
Are you watching TV right now?
Im not studying English this year.
Shes working at home this week.
FUTURE PLANS
Im buying shoes tomorrow.
Theyre cleaning the house on Friday, not today.
Janets meeting Bill at 5:00 this afternoon.

How

many / Are there any

Para nombres en plural.

How many onions are

Ten or twelve.
there?
How many apples are
Im not sure. Maybe two.
there in the refrigerator?
Yes ,there are.
Yes, there are three.
Are there any lemons?
No, there arent.
No, there arent any.

Sustantivos contables y no contables.

Count nouns.
I want an apple.

Non-count nouns.
I dont eat sugar.

I like bananas.
We have three tomatoes on
the shelf.

Rice is good for you.

Cheese is my favorite fod.

Recordar:
Se utiliza S cuando es mas de un sustantivo contable.

How much / Is there any.

Para preguntas acerca de sustantivos no contables.
How much bread does she want?
How much milk is there?
Is there any butter? Yes, there is. /
No, there isnt.

Recordar:
How much es
para sustantivos
no contables.
How many
para contables.

Simple presente y
presente continuo.
Recuerda: Usa el
presente simple con
verbos Have, Want,
Need y Like

Recuerda: Usa presente

continuo para acciones
en progreso ahora.

I like coffe.

Were making dinner

now.

Usa el presente simple

para describir acciones
habituales y frecuencia
de adverbios.

Shes studying English

this year.

I cook dinner every day.

I never eat eggs for

El pasado de BE
I
Was At school
He
She Wasnt yesterday.

We
Were
You
They Werent

It was cloudy yesterday.

There was a concert last night.
There were two movies last weekend.
Was he at work yesterday?
Where was the party last night?
When was she in Italy?
Were they students in the eighties?
Where were they last weekend?
When were you at the bookstore?
Who was at the party? Adam was.

At home.

Pasado simple
I
You
He
She
We
They

Did

liked the
movie.

I
You
He
She
We
They

Watch TV
Last night.

I
You
He
She
We
They
I
You
Yes,
He
No
She
We
They

didnt like
The
concert.

Did.
Didnt.

Simple pasado
Preguntas de informacin.
What did you do last weekend?
Where did you go?
When did he get home last night?
How many cups of coffee did she drink?
How often did you take a nap?
Who did they see yesterday?
Who went to the mall this morning? We did.

Describiendo personas con Be y

Have
With Be
Her eyes are blue.
Their hair is gray.
Her eyelashes are long and dark.
With have.
She has blue eyes.
They have gray hair.
She has long, dark eyelashes.

I
You
He
She
We
They

Should
Should take something.
Shouldnt go to work.

Can y Cant. Para habilidades.

QUESTIONS

SHORT ANSWERS

Can you play the guitar?

Yes, I can. No, I cant.

Can he speak english?

Yes, He can. No, he cant.

She can play yhe guitar, but she cant play well.
Recordar: Se utiliza el Can con Well para indicar el grado
de habilidad.

Toopara adjetivos negativos.

Hace un adjetivo mas fuerte.
Usualmente se utiliza para un
significado negativo.
Im too busy. I cant talk right now.
Im too tire. Lets not go to the movies.
Its too late. I should go to bed.

could you
Para peticiones educadas.
Could you wash the dishes?
Could you please wash the
dishes?

Going to.Para expresar planes futuros.

Im
Youre
Hes
Shes
Were
Theyre

Going to relax
This weekend.

Im
Youre
Hes
Shes
Were
Theyre

Not going to go
Camping this
weekend.

YES-NO Q
Are you going to sleep late tomorrow? Yes, I am.
Is she going to travel to Europe? Yes, she is.
Are we goint to be on time? Yes, We are.

Would like mas infinitivo.

Para expresar tus deseos para el futuro.
INFINITIVE
Shed like

To study art.

They wouldnt like.

To have children.

YES-NO Q
Would you like to
Yes, I would
change careers?
No, I Wouldnt
Would they like to
Yes, They would
get married?
No They wouldnt

Would like mas infinitivo.

Preguntas informativas.
What would you like to study? Business.
When would they like to retire? In June.
Where would he like to go next weekend? To the
movies.
Who would you like to marry? Elena.
Who would like to study Italian? I would.