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35000
25000
STRESS (psi)
RUPTURE
TENSILE STRENGTH
30000
YIELD
STRENGTH
20000
DUCTILITY
15000
10000
5000
0
0
0.02
0.04
STRAIN (%)
0.06
0.08
Tensile strength
The stress level where the
material brakes
Ductility
Is the amount of plastic strain the
steel can withstand without
breaking
Ductility is good
35000
25000
STRESS (psi)
RUPTURE
TENSILE STRENGTH
30000
YIELD
STRENGTH
20000
DUCTILITY
15000
10000
5000
0
0
0.02
0.04
STRAIN (%)
0.06
0.08
How do we
know when
drill pipe has
failed?
Drill Pipe
Exampl
e
Explanation
Nominal size
5-inch
Nominal
weight
19.5
Grade
S135
Metallic properties
Upset type
IEU
Internal-external upset
Connection
N-50
Connection type
Range
+- 31 feet long
Connection types
Connections have
either less or
equal tensile strength
as the drill pipe.
Pin
Box
Yield strength
E75
75,000 psi
New pipe
X95
95,000 psi
105,000 psi
S135
135,000 psi
Class 2 pipe
Z140
140,000 psi
V150
150,000 psi
Fluid Statics
Basic Principles:
When fluid is at rest pressure is the only
force acting
What are the forces acting on the
block?
p
A
d
p
A
D
A
F
D
w
vA
F1 =
F2 =
F3 =
d
p
F0
pAd
p
D
A
w
v
FwvdD
Pressures in a fluid column
At rest,
F=0
0 = F 1 + F2 + F 3
d[pFw0vw
dF
D
whveD
pn00]
Incompressible Fluids
Integrating,
pFwvD
Calculating density
pp00..55p202.D
5D
2D
{pspig0,lbm
/aft}
p0
Incompressible fluids
then,
well control or
F
e
b
V
f
W
s
W
e
f
1
s
W
Buoyancy Factor
.1.
lsf (16f5.b0m
6
5
/10ga71al)
s
Example
For steel,
immersed in mud,
Example L3-1
Hook load
A. What is the hook load of a 8000ft and
20.5 lb/ft drill pipe in an empty hole?
(Hook load = Weight of the drill string)
B. Plot the vertical force in the drill string as
a function of depth.
C. What is the hook load of a 8000ft and
20.5 lb/ft drill pipe in an hole filled with 15
lb/gal mud.
D. Plot the vertical force of the submerged
drill string as a function of depth.
Weight
164,000 lbf
DEPTH, ft
0 lbf
8000ft
A OD 2 ID 2
ID = 4.25 in
4
A = 7.46 in2
Weight
117,450
164,000 lbf
DEPTH, ft
- 46,550
A = 7.46 in2
Neutral point
Fb = bit weight
F
W
F
w
p2A
-F
T
2
2b
dcx
b
Anywhere in the Drill Collars:
tF
A
rT
D
iW
lw
:1dp
P
(x2W
p
e
{
cF
)21
a
b
o
v
e
}
F
2
b
p1(A
F
2
1)p
2A
b
Anywhere in the Drill Pipe:
FT
Drill pipe
Drill collar
C. What is the hook load of the drill pipe in
an hole filled with 15 lb/gal mud.
D. Plot the vertical force of the submerged
drill string as a function of depth.
Wdp
Drill collar
86,100 lbf
Wdp
Wdc
DEPTH, ft
245,600 lbf
Drill pipe
F1 = P8,600 * Adc
Pfluid = 0.052 * 15 ppg * 8,600 ft= 6,708 psi.
F2
A
Drill collar
OD2 ID 2
4
2 2
7 3 = 31.4in2
4
Wdc
F1 =6,708 psi * 31.4in2 = 210,631 lbf
F1
Drill pipe
F2 = P8,000 * (Adc-Adp )
Pfluid = 0.052 * 15 ppg * 8,000 ft= 6,240 psi.
F2
Drill collar
Adp
4
4
Drill pipe
Wdp
F2
Drill collar
Wdc
F1
Wdp
F2
Wdc
F1
20,192 lbf
DEPTH, ft
AXIAL
TENSION, lbf
184,355 lbf