Subject: Reinforced Concrete Structures

academic year 2014-2015

Design of RC members for punching

and for partially loaded areas
Lecture No 7.
Prof. dr. Andrzej Lapko
1

Punching in flat slabs

Punching shear can result from a concentrated load
or reaction acting on a relatively small area, called as loaded area Aload
of a flat slab floor or fondation slab

NEd =

Punching zone in flat slab

Flat slab zone under punching

An example of concrete slab under punching

Craking state due to punching of flat slab supported by the column

Craking state at the slab cross-sections under punching failure (testing)

Centric and eccentric punching in flat slabs

Flexure cracks at the column perimeter
Inclined cracks due to shear

Heavy stressed concrete

Flexure cracks at the column perimeter

Inclined cracks due to shear

Obraz przebicia
niesymetrycznego
Heavy stressed concrete
nad supem skrajnym

Failure effects in the flat slab due to punching over the column :
a) symmetrical punching, b) eccentric punching

Punching in flat slabs

Axi symmetrical punching effects

over the internal column

Eccentrical punching effects

over the internal column

8

Assumptions for desing for punching

For the needs of design for punching the effective shear stresses Rd due to
punching should be design and compared with the concrete strenght paramaters.
The effective shear stresses are computed on the basis of loads acting on control
perimeter created at the concrete area. This area is equal to the product of length
of control perimeter u and efective depth d, representing slab thickness.
Control perimeter is defined in the distance depending on the slab thickness..
Strength properties of concrete under punching are dependent on concrete class
and are taking into account different correctional coefficients, like longitudinal
slab reinforcement, plastic properties of concrete and slab thickness.

Design of slabs for punching

according to Eurocode 2

10

Main assumptions

VEd

A basic control section

11

Assumptions for evaluation of strength stress for punching

d

2d

2d

2d

VEd

Ed Ed

VEd
u1d

VEd support reaction acting at the slab,

ui the length of the basic control perimeter
d mean effective depth of the slab depending on dx i dy

d 0,5 d x d y

12

Basic control perimeter

In slabs with the constant thickness, the boundary of basic control perimeter u1
is defined by distance 2d from the column edge
quorter of circle perimeter

column

Examples of basic control perimeters for slab under punching according to EC 2

13

Basic control perimeter particular cases

Control perimeter near the edge or corner of the slab
For a loaded area situated near an edge or corner,
the control perimeter should be taken as shown in figure below

< 2d

2d

u1

14

Basic control perimeter particular cases

Control perimeter near the opening in the slab
For a loaded area situated nearthe openings,
the control perimeter should be taken as shown in figure below

Ineffective part of the perimeter

The shortest distance between the perimeter of the loaded area and the edge of the opening
does not exceed 6d, that part of control perimeter contained between two tangents drawn
15
to the outline of the opening from the centre of the loaded area is considered to be ineffective

Punching shear design

The design procedure is based on the control of shear at the face of the column
and at the basic control perimeter u1

Ed Rd
Ed Ed

V Ed
u1d

The following design shear stresses [MPa] along the control section is required

16

Punching shear calculation

1.

If in the considered control section the design shear stress vEd

does not exceed the value vRd,c the shear reinforcement is not required

Ed Rd , c
2. If in the considered control section the design shear stress vEd
exceeds the value vRd,c the shear reinforcement should be provided
and further perimeter uout,ef should be found where shear reinforcement
is no longer required
3. The maximum design shear stress vEd must not be exceeded vRd,max
vEd < vRdc,max

17

Punching shear resistance of slab and column base

without shear reinforcement
v Rd , c C Rd , c k 100 l f ck 1 / 3 min

where fck inMPa

v min 0,035k 3/ 2 f ck 1/ 2

Paramater included in the formula are defined as

CRd ,c

0,18

200
k 1
2 ,0
d

lx, y

Aslx, y
bwd x, y

l ly lx 0,02

Values As1x,y are related to the bonded tension steel in x and y directions

18

Punching shear resistance of slab and column base

with shear reinforcement
d
1
vRd ,cs 0,75vRd , c 1,5 Asw f ywd ,ef
sin
sr
u1d
vRd,c - component of the shear resistance due to concrete strength for punching
Asw is the area of shear reinforcement around the column [mm2] ,
d mean effective depth of the slab in the orthogonal directions [mm],
sr is the radial spacing of perimeters of shear reinforcement ,
fywd,ef effective design strength of the punching shear reinforcement equal to

f ywd ,ef 250 0,25d f ywd

fywd design yielding stress of shear reinforcement
19

Assumptions for eccentric punching calculation

Where the support reaction VEd is eccentric with regard to control perimeter
the maximum shear stress should be taken as
Ed

V Ed
u1d

C corner column

Recommended values of
for eccentric punching

20

Types of punching shear reinforcement

21

Recommendations of Eurocode 2 EN 1992-1-1

a)

b)

External control section, for which

the reinforcement is required
First further control section, for which
the reinforcement does not required
Space of stirrups for punching

Space of bent bars for punching

Reinforcement for punching

22

Prefabricated shear reinforcement (stirrups): a) general view, b) a detail

23

Reinforcement for shear punching dowel strips

Dowel strips a detail

Location of dowel strips within the control perimeter

24

Heads of dowels

A view of slab reinforcement using dowel strips

in the systemie De-Ha

25

Partially loaded areas

of RC members

26

Partially loaded areas

acc to EN 1992-1-1

NEd

Concrete

Aco loaded area

Ac1- maximum design distribution area with a similar shape27to Ac0

An example tensile forces in the partially loaded area in

the zone od column and base connection

Column
Tensile forces

Loaded area

Base
Tensile grids
28

Design distribution of forces for partially

(locally) loaded area
b2

Aco loaded area b1 x d1

b1

Ac0

d1

d2

Line of action

Ac1

Ac1- area of distribution b2 x d2

Distribution of forces taken into account in design

29

Resistance force in the concrete

of partially loaded area
FRdu f cd Ac 0 3 f cd Ac 0

where

Ac1
3
Ac 0

where: Aco loaded area

Ac1- maximum design distribution area with a similar shape to Ac0

30

Types of reinforcement for tensile forces

in the partially distribution areas
a) steel grids

k 1,5

b) steel spirols

Ac0

Ac1

31

End of lecture 6.

32