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Anaemia
DEANNE SAZAIEKA PUTRI BINTI
SALLAHUDDIN
082014100018
IDA
Characterized by microcytic
,hypochromic red cells with MCV < 80fl
and MCH <25pg
Morphologic changes appear as the
iron stores get depleted and
unadequate for haem synthesis
F>M
High in children, pregnant woman, and
elderly
Clinical Features
Symptoms:
-Weakness, fatigue, or lack of stamina
-Shortness of breath
-Headache frontal
-Difficulty concentrating
-Irritability, apathy
-Dizziness
-Pallor
-Craving substances that are not food (pica)
-The desire to ingest ice (pagophagia)
Signs:
Diagnosis
1. Peripheral blood findings
2. Bone marrow morphology and iron
stores
3. Iron status
Differential diagnosis
Thalassemia major
Anaemia of chronic disorder
Thalassemia minor
Lead poisoning
Prevention
Breast-feeding should be encouraged
Addition of iron-fortified cereals after 4-6 mo
of age.
Infants who are not breast-fed should only
receive iron-fortified formula (12 mg of iron
per liter) for the first year
Bovine milk should be limited to < 20-24 oz
daily.
Encourages the ingestion of foods richer in
iron
Principle of treatment
Oral iron therapy
-Ferrous gluconate
-Ferrous fumarate
-Ferrous succinate
Dose of elemental iron for IDA : 36mg/kg/day
Given in empty stomach
Parenteral iron
-Iron dextran
-Iron gluconate
-Iron sucrose
Indications
Oral iron is poorly tolerated
Rapid replacement of iron stores needed
GI absorbtion of iron is compromised
Erythropoietin therapy needed
RESPONSE
12-24 hr
36-48 hr
48-72 hr
4-30 days
1-3 mo
Repletion of stores