Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Modifying words.
They describe
verbs, adjectives. or
..............
other adverbs
.
...............
.
s
e
l
p
m
a
I was patiently waiting for the bus.
Ex
verbs
Example
He greeted us warmly.
Drive carefully.
...............
or moderate
.
adjectives
Example
...............
or moderate
.
other adverbs
Example
...............
or moderate
.
adverbial phrases
Example
Forms of Adverbs
1
Adverbial phrase
Adverbial clause
s
e
pl
am
patiently
shyly
truly
totally
gently
fully
basically
comfortabl
y
comically
primarily
s
e
pl
am
well
high
hard
just
late
near
close
far
fine
direct
Adverbial Phrases
[Any phrase that has an adverbial function in a sentence.]
Ex
es
l
p
am
Ex
s
e
pl
am
Adverbial Clause
Of time
(eg: As soon as the bell
rang, )
Of result
(eg: that she fell off her
chair)
Of place
(eg: everywhere we
travelled)
Of concession
(eg: Although I agree with
you, ....)
Comparative clauses
Of manner
(eg: than we had
(eg: like you havent slept all
expected)
night)
Double comparative clauses
Of reason
(eg: The more we eat, the
(eg: because I was hungry)
.)
Of purpose
(eg: So that we dont lose our
way, )
Conditional clauses
(eg: If I had studied,
)
Formation of Adverbs
Most adverbs of manner and degree
are formed by
adding -ly. . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .
to adjectives.
...............
.
Ex
s
e
pl
am
Extra Notes
people usually avoid adding ly to
adjectives that already end in ly.
s
e
l
Be Cautious!
Watch out for
. . . . . . . . . . . . .-ly
. . endings
...............
.
Ex
pl
am
Be Cautious!
Its easy to confuse an adverb with a
different kind of word ending in -ly, but if
you cant work out which it is, try changing
the verb to see if it still makes sense.
Ex
e
l
p
am
Be Cautious!
Ex
pl
am
Types of Adverbs
1
Manner
Time
Frequency
Place
Certainty
Degree
Interrogative
Relative
Adverbs of Manner
They tell you
. . . . . . . . . . . .the
...
.
...............
way an action
.
is performed
s
e
l
p
m
a
I woke up suddenly and raised my
Ex
Extra Notes
In story-telling,
adverbs of manner
. . . . . . . . . . . . sometimes
...
.
...............
come
.
in initial position
Ex
p
am
s
e
l
Adverbs of Place
They tell you
. . . . . . . . . . . . .the
..
.
...............
place
.
of action
s
e
l
p
Adverbs of Direction
They tell you
. . . . . . . . . . . . the
...
.
...............
direction
.
of movement
s
e
l
p
Adverbs of Distance
They tell you
. . . . . . . . . . . . .the
..
.
...............
distance
.
between things /
the distance travelled
am
x
E
s
e
l
p
Extra Notes
All and right
are sometimes used
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . to
.
.
...............
emphasize
.
adverbials of place or
directions
Ex
p
am
s
e
l
Extra Notes
A typical adverbial of place / direction can
be:
1
A single-word adverb
Do come in.
2
Adverbs of Time
They tell you
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .the
.
.
...............
time
.
of the action
es
l
p
m
a
x
Were packing up today and
E
Extra Notes
Adverbs of time
can come in
. . . . . . . . . . . . .initial
..
.
...............
position
.
when the time isnt the
most important part of
s
your statement
e
l
p
m
a
Ex
Last night I made some foolish
Extra Notes
Some adverbs of time
(eg: already, eventually, finally, last,
yet)
often .in
. . . . . . . . . . . . mid
. are
..
..............
position
.
Ex
p
am
s
e
l
Extra Notes
The time adverbs
. . . . . . . . . . . . still
...
.
...............
and just
.
are always in mid
position
Ex
p
am
s
e
l
Extra Notes
Soon, when it means
. . . . . . . . . . . . .quickly
..
...............
.
.
when it means
. . . . . . . . . . . . .shortly
..
...............
.
.
s
e
l
p
m
a
Ex He soon realized what time it was.
Extra Notes
British English
often uses
. . . . . . . . . . . .present
...
.
Ex
s
e
pl
am
...............
perfect
.
with already, just, and
yet while American
uses
...............
. . . . . . . . . . . .English
...
simple
past
.
British English
American English
Extra Notes
Use ago for
counting back
...............
.
from the
present
...............
.
...............
the past
.
e
l
p
m
a
Ex I started this job three years ago.
Adverbs of Frequency
They tell you
. . . . . . . . . . . . .the
..
.
...............
rate
.
at which a happening
recurs
Ex
Adverbs of Frequency
Two types of frequency
adverbs
1
Extra Notes
Regularly, when it is a synonym
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . often
. for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
when it means
. . . . . . . . . . . at
. . . . set
.
Ex
s
e
pl
am
...............
intervals
.
it usually comes in end
position
Adverbs of Degree
You use
adverbs of degree
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . to increase / . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
the force
of adjectives,
reduce
adverbs, and some verbs
Intensifying Adverbs
That was an extremely
silly play.
Break the eggs very
carefully into the bowl.
I strongly recommend
that Korean restaurant.
Moderating Adverbs
There was quite a large
audience.
Malfoy disappeared
rather hurriedly.
I slightly disagree with
your conclusions.
Adverbs of Certainty
You use
adverbs of certainty
. . . . . . . . . . . .to
. . . add force
...............
.
Ex
es
l
p
am
to adjectives
Interrogative Adverbs
You use
how, why, where and when
...............
.
Ex
es
l
p
m
a
to ask . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
regarding
questionsa
place/direction, time,
reason or ways/methods.
Where are you going?
to ask . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
regarding
questionsa
place/direction.
Ex
es
l
p
m
a
to ask . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
regarding
time.
questions
...............
.
Ex
es
l
p
m
a
...........
to ask for
............
a reason.
Ex
es
l
p
m
a
to ask . . . . . . . . . . .
ways/methods.
about
............
Ex
es
l
p
m
a
Extra Notes
How
is often combined with
adjectives, adverbs or
...............
...............
quantifiers
.
.
to ask questions about
size, measurements,
quality or quantity.
es
pl
m
a
Ex
Extra Notes
You can use the construction
how +
adjectives + indefinite
article + countable noun
in questions about
quality, size and so on.
s
e
pl
m
a
Ex
How successful a salesman was
he?
How practical a solution is this?
How long a walk are you
Relative Adverbs
You use
why, where and when
.............
Ex
es
l
p
m
a
to give extra
regarding a
information
..............
place/direction, time, or
reasons.
This is the small town where I lived as
a child.
We will all feel nervous until next
Tuesday, when results of the auditions
will be posted.
I dont understand why shes so upset.
Positions of Adverbs
Beginning of a sentence
Soon we were on our
way to Bangkok.
Finally we landed.
Middle of a sentence
End of a sentence
He moved aside
politely.
Im leaving on
Adjectives VS Adverbs
They may answer the questions
of
What
Who
Which
How
Where
When
Why
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Functio
....................
.......................
Describe nouns
or pronouns
ns
Describe verbs
Modifies
adjectives or
other adverbs