BOND STRENGTH

BETWEEN INTERFACES OF
CONCRETE AND FIBRE
REINFORCED CONCRETE

OBJECTIVE
The main objective is to experimental investigation of bond
strength between the concrete interfaces of normal concrete
and fiber reinforced concrete.
So we have to use the steel fibers added in varying proportions
in new concrete respectively.
For the different concrete grades M20, M30, M40, M80 of
normal concrete has to be designed and casted in to a mould of
prism of dimensions 20cm*10cm*10cm up to the interface
making an angle of interface 300 and 450 respectively.
Then remaining portion has to be casted with fiber reinforced
concrete of M20, M30, M40, M80 grades respectively.

 After casting these concrete prisms they has to be cured

for 28 days.
Then they has to be taken from the curing tank kept for
10 hours for the ambient conditions.
Then they has to be tested using compression testing
machine.

NEED FOR THE STUDY

Now-a-days a large number of existing concrete

structures worldwide are in urgent need of effective and
durable repair.
It has been estimated that almost half of all concrete
repairs fail due to the lack of reliable and perfect bond.
Good bonding between repair materials and existing
concrete repair substrate is of vital importance in the
concrete repairs.

What is a bond strength ?

The bond strength is the adhesion between
overlay and substrate which can be the
weakest link of the system.
Good bond strength is a key factor to have
a monolithic system.

Factors influencing it
Roughness of the old substrate.
Bonding agent at the interface between old and
new substrates.
Mix proportions.
W/C ratio of the new substrate.
Type of the modified overly concrete such as
silica fume added, latex epoxy, fiber reinforced
concretee.t.c.,

Fiber Reinforced Concrete means

Concrete containing a hydraulic cement, water, fine or
fine and coarse aggregate, and discontinuous discrete
fibers is called fiber-reinforced concrete.
It may also contain pozzolans and other admixtures
commonly used in conventional concrete.
Fibers of various shapes and sizes produced from steel,
plastic, glass, and natural materials are being used;
however, for most structural and non-structural purposes,
steel fiber is the most commonly used of all the fibers.

Advantages:
The greatest advantage of fiber reinforcement of concrete
is the improvement in flexural toughness (total energy
absorbed in breaking a specimen in flexure).
Related to flexural toughness are the impact and fatigue
resistance of concrete, which are also increased
considerably.
When well compacted and cured, concretes containing
steel fibers seem to possess excellent durability as long as
fibres remain protected by the cement paste.

LITERATURE REVIEW
According to Hugo COSTA, Pedro SANTOS, Eduardo JULIO [1]
Two failure modes were observed, cohesive (at the weakest
concrete) and adhesive (de bonding of the interface).
For slant shear tests, the failure mode was mainly monolithic, for
very rough surfaces (HS and CD), and mainly adhesive, for very
smooth and smooth surfaces (SS and WB).
For rough surfaces, SF and SB, both failure modes were observed.
For splitting tests, the failure mode was mainly adhesive, excepting
for the specimens with a very rough substrate and with significant
differences in both density and Youngs modulus between the
substrate and the added concrete layers.
The interface strength, both in shear and in tension, increases with
the roughness of the substrate surface.

According to R.Radhakrishnan, Syam Prakash.V, and C.K.Prasad

Varma Thampan
SBR modified cement mortar possess very good water penetration
resistance and can be used as a repair material in the case of spalled roof
slabs with exposed steel reinforcement.
The results of splitting tensile strength test showed that SBR as a bonding
agent possess good tensile strength compared to cement slurry. Thus SBR is
better choice in repairing/resurfacing concrete in tension zone of a flexural
member.
The bond strength values obtained for the specimens with SBR as bonding
agent satisfied the requirement of bond strength as per ASTM specifications.

According to H-C.Shin and Z.Wan. ,

For the concrete without silica fume, higher compressive strength
(having lower w/c ratio) results in lower shear bond strength at the
interface for both SSD and air-dry surface conditions.

 By adding silica fume (7%) for 0.45 w/c ratio concrete, the
compressive strength and shear bond strength at the interface
increase significantly.
SSD surface condition results in higher (almost double) bond
strength at the interface compared to air-dry condition.
According to R. Abbasnia, M. Khanzadi & J. Ahmadi
Increasing the w/c ratio or using fine aggregate with smaller size
will reduce the bond strength.
Increasing the c/s ratio, up to 1/2.5, and using silica sand
aggregate, will increase bond strength in both ordinary and
modified cementitious materials.
Furthermore the bond strength was found to be independent of
repair materials tensile strength.

Slant shear test:

One of the most common types of bonding tests is Slant Shear
Test in which the interface is under combined state of
compression and shear stresses.
The idea behind the test is the idea for the common
compressive strength test. In compressive test, concrete failure
happens due to the shear cracks in the incline plane.
The angle of failure plane with horizontal direction is
theoretically between 50 and 70, so 60 8 could be a proper
assumption.
Therefore in this test method the interface is placed inclined
with the same angle and a compressive force is applied to the
system.

representing Slant shear test

 a) Casting the substrate

b) Curing the substrate
c) Sawing the substrate at 30 angle from vertical (at least four
days of curing needed)
d) Surface preparation and sandblasting at 14 days
e) Placing the cylinder out of curing room for at least two days
f) Checking the 21 days strength of substrate
g) Placing the repair material

Calculations:
Bond Strength= [Maximum Load]/ [Area of slant surface]

DESIGN MIX MATERIALS

Cement
Coarse aggregate
Fine aggregate
Water
Super plastisisers
Moulds

EQUIPMENTS

Mixer
Vibrator
Casting
Recasting
Curing

Process of casting prisms making required angle by keeping a steel plate

EXPERIMENTAL SETUP
The prism specimens of the concrete were tested on both
Tinius Olsen testing machine (TOTM) capacity of 200 tonnes
and also on Compression testing machine (CTM) capacity of
3000kN.

CONCLUSIONS
To know the variation of bond strength between concrete
interfaces when grades of the concrete where changing.
To know the variation of bond strength between concrete
interfaces when the angle at the interface is changing.
To know the effect of interfacial bond strength between
normal concrete and fiber reinforced concrete
respectively .

References