CMC

(COORDINATED
MASTER CONTROL)
Atul Anand Soni
Superintendent (C&I)

CMC
ensure
proper
coordination
between
Auxiliaries, boiler and turbine to attain efficient and
safe running of the plant.
(1)CMC coordinated mode
(2)BOILER follow mode- Boiler follow turbine
(3)Turbine follow mode- Turbine follow Boiler
(critical Pr. Mode)

CMC coordinate sensitive turbine & slow response

boiler & Auxiliaries. Limited with help of turbine
control (EHC) and TSE.
CMC

from ALDC

Boiler master on Auto

Turbine master on Auto
Unit master - Receiving load demand
or Manually from desk.

1)

CMC:

Basically to control internal parameters of unit like

(1) M S Pressure, (2) Load. Also to coordinate
sensitive turbine and slow response of boiler
auxiliaries, Good for network and Unit stability.
Both Boiler and Turbine control ON Auto.
2)

BFM:

Boiler follow turbine. Turbine on Load controlBoiler ON Auto-control pressure with BLI as feed
forward. MW demands are met by Turbine firstly
and lesser importance to unit stability.
3)

TFM:

Turbine follow Boiler. Boiler Master on manual

control.
Pressure
control.
Turbine
maintains
pressure by varying MSCV ,Unit load depends on
steam output from boiler Best for unit stability

RUNBACK MODE.
under runback conditions the firing for
the boiler must be reduced to preset
values, as close as possible to the tolerable
limits. Therefore the swings of firing rate
caused by the action of the PID controller
must be avoided. As consequence of this
condition the system has to switched to
pure feed forward to control where the
firing rate set point is directly proportional
to load capability signal. To avoid any
mismatch between steam production of the
boiler and the turbine load turbine has to
be switched to initial pressure control.

04)

RUNBACK:

In R/B mode boiler controls give command in

proportion to unit capability. Turbine Pre. Control. R/B
mode sets in automatically.

05)
BOILER MASTER:
Basically a pressure controller
F/F

Pre. Set point

+

BM
FEED FORWARD SIGNAL
GNI OUTPUT
- CMC
BLI
- B.F.M
PRTD
- T.F.M
GET BYPASSED
- R/B

Actual pressure

06) G N I :
Control tracking generator or set point control module.
Generates increase/decrease rate.
Target to GNI:
CMC
[frequency

Load dispatch center or unit- master

corrected]
BFM

Boiler demand (BM O/P)

TFM

: Actual Load.

R/B

: Unit capability.

07) UNIT CAPABILITY:

Capability to produce MW at that instant, W.C signal
depends on the number of auxiliaries in service and
their contribution is expressed as MW signal, which
they can support.

08) FGMO:
Free Governing mode of operation Intro duce critical
external parameter i.e. freq. of network to our control
system. To ensure stability of network or grid it is
necessary to have frequency regulation in CMC/EHC.
But frequency is network parameter, which cannot be
controlled by few units in the network. Total
disturbance in network will be passed on to the units
having regulation by the many units do not have
regulation.
09)Mode
CMC

Boiler
TABLE
controls

BFM

Throttle
Pressure

CMC

Pressure

TFM
RUN
BACK

MW &
Pressure
[Manual at
KORBA]
Produces
steam as
per unit
capability

Input

Feed
Forward

Input
To turbine control

MW

Pressure
error

Steam
Flow
[BLI]

MW

Pressure
error

MW error
GNI O/P

MW error
(Load controller
active)
MW error
(Load controller
active)

Throttle- pressure
(Pressure
controller active)

Pressure
error

PRTD
Turbine
load set
point

Pressure error

Throttle- pressure
(Pressure
controller active)

UNIT
Capability
Signal

BM
Bypassed

Pressure error

Turbine controls

To Boiler

Controls

BOILER FOLLOW
MODE
1. Turbine on load control
2. Boiler master on Auto-controls throttle steam
Pressure with steam flow as feed forward.
Varying fuel I/P (firing rate) in the furnace.
In this mode boiler has to supply the
steam for whatever load has been set from
Turbine desk. In this way if the throttle steam
reaches a limit (10 kg below the set throttle
steam Pr.) limit Pr. Engaged condition comes
and load would be scarified to maintain/restore
the throttle steam Pr.

SELECTION OF BOILER FOLLOW MODE ( BFM)

1. Put air control on auto (at least one FD fan)
2. Put feeders speed control on auto after varying fuel
master(FM) output and making feeder speed controller
error zero.
3. Vary Blr. Master O/P so that FM error becomes zero. Then
put FM on auto.
4. Make throttle pr. Set point and actual pr. Difference zero.
5. Put BM on auto.
If unit in turbine follow or coordinated mode change over
to boiler follow occurs under following condition :turbine goes to manual because of any reason or operator
action
Pr CMC - Pr Lim > 60MW

TURBINE FOLLOW
MODE: 1. Boiler manually controlled
2. Turbine master On Auto -controls throttle
steam Pre. (With steam flow as feed
forward) by varying load.
In T.F.M Pr. Controller comes into picture
and the throttle Steam Pre. Varies the
opening of MSCV to maintain the set
throttle steam Pre.

TURBINE FOLLOW MODE

PR.
SET PT.

MW SET
PT.

FUEL
FIRING
DEVICE

PI

PI

G
N

BOILER FOLLOW
MODE

PID
FUEL
FIRING
DEVICE

MW SET
PT.

PR.

PI

G
MW

F
F

SELECTION OF TURBINE FOLLOW MODE ( TFM)

1. Boiler master on manual.
2. Throttle pressure deviation zero.
3. Turbine in auto.
4. Press. Turbine flow push button along with manual release
on CMC desk and turbine goes to initial pressure mode
from LMT mode by itself.
5. Now load set point can be changed by varying the boiler
master manually.

O2 TRIM -

A section station and a setter for oxygen set

point are provided to achieve the desired excess air.
If variable O2 set point (SP) is selected, set point is
generated by a function generator which is a function
of max ( air flow SP and total air flow). In other mode
SP is set from UCB. O2 in flue gas is compared with
this SP and error is fed to PI controller, output of
which is limited between 0.8 and 1.2% of total air
flow.

Pressure Correction in CMC

Under normal operating conditions including small load
(pressure) variation boiler and turbine are controlled independently
as per set point from GNI. Any unbalance in power generation and
power consumption due to frequency variation in FGMO , throttle
pressure may increase or decrease which may cause dangerous
condition in the boiler.
If DP (Set throttle pre.- Actual throttle pre.) variation goes
below set point ( - ve pressure deviation) , boiler storage capacity is
used. However, any large variation in throttle pressure shall restrict
the Turbine output till the Boiler has produced the additional output
to match the increased demand. Similarly in case of +ve pressure
deviation turbine output will increase.
MW

15MW
2 Kg
- DP
15MW

1 Kg

1 Kg

2 Kg
+ DP

Note:THROTTLE PRESSURE (DP) correction

starts at +/- 1Kg and acts upto +/2Kg. It will add or subtract +/- 15 MW
to the GNI output, thereby generating
pressure corrected GNI output to
EHC.(# unit 5)

FREQUENCY INFULENCE ON CMC

K F
Min
Unit
Master

O/p

+
-

GNI
P

+
--

Max
nMin
M
I
N
1.5 %

Adder

Frequency & Pr.

Connected GNI O/P to EHC

Pre. Correction
M
A
X

+
+Adder

MW

Delay
Frequency connected
GNI O/P

Th.Pre.
Set.Pre

F/F
Boiler master
PI+D

10
MW

3992

3012
20
MW

Air master
master

Fuel

Frequency influence
M
I
N

LDC
Unit
Master

LOAD
UNIT

M
A
X

+
+
-

MAX

Turbine
load
limiter
CM
C

UNIT
Capability
M
I
N

TFM
BFM

MAX

MIN

UNIT load rate

Target of unit

M
I
N

UNIT
COORDINATER
GNI

Runback limit

MIN

M
A
X

LIMITING
BLOCK

Actual
MW
Boiler
demand

TFM

TSE upper
margin

M
I
N

TSE lower
margin

D action

BFM

+
P

Del
ay

BLI

CMC

PULV A -J
PA FAN A
PA FAN B

PRTD
M
I
N

Capability
+
-

F/D
TFM

Runback in
action

F(x)

BFM
Set.Pre
Th.Pre

Boiler master
PI+D

load
Air master
master

Fuel

PR (CMC
set
Pt to turbine)

Max

Load
Setter

Min

Max / Min.
Limiter

EHC
TSE Influence

f)

Load

Load
Reference

+
+
+

GNI
Load

Delay
+

Throttle Pressure
Set.
+

25MW
0. 2HZ
0. 125
HZ
40MW

Actual Pressure

Boiler Master

Load Limiter

Freq

M
I
N

Frequency
Influence
ON

Pressure
Correction

Frequency
Unloading
Characteristic

Load
controlle
r

TOTAL COAL FLOW

28.6%

85.7%

B
TOTAL OIL FLOW

Y1

XM03

XP01
Y2

+
-

X001

PT3

X001
A
B

3X1.01

+
MW GENERATED

Y2
Y1

B/M O/P

AIR

CV Correction loop manipulates the coal

flow measurement signal by increasing or
decreasing it, to show less coal is going
when coal quality is bad and more when
coal is good the effect is limited to 85% to
100% of actual coal flow

+
MIN

XP01 P

CV
CORRECTED
COAL FLOW

FUEL MASTER

TOTAL FUEL FLOW

BOILER DEMAND

Max

XN01
XN01

Max
TOTAL AIR
FLOW

PI

HK7715D Y W

XP01

RL

RS04
OXYGEN
MASTER

Ui
XM02

80%
XN01

20%
+

Max XN01
TOTAL
AIR FLOW

MIN
AIR FLOW

FDA

+
AIR MASTER

FDB

( = 0..1)

AIR FLOW
DEMAND

Ua = Ui

O2 Correction loop
manipulates the total airflow
measurement by increasing or
decreasing O2 master to show
less air/more air is flowing.
This influence is limited to 30%
of the total air flow [Presently]

TOTAL FUEL FLOW

A/M

PA FLOW FROM MILLS

SEC.
AIR FLOW (L)

D E

80
%

TOTAL AIR

PI

GAIN CHANGE

Ua=

Ui X

+ +

PI

RL

RL

OOO

+
P

+ -

F(X) FD FAN A

BLADE PITCH

OOO

Y Act

AW02

<

/n

AW02

( = 0.1)

PI
Y Act

FLUE
GAS O2

+
20
%

O2
O2 PROBE -(R)

AIR FLOW CONTROL SCHEM

( EXCESS AIR)

RL

AW02

PI
RL
OOO

MW AIR FLOW

SEC.
AIR FLOW (R)

O2

RS04

A
/M

MAX

O2 PROBE (L)

MAX

MAX

ANY 6 MILLS

A B C
J

BOILER DEMAND

AW02

+ -

BIAS

FD FAN B
BLADE PITCH

F(X)

<

SELECTION OF CMC
1. Put air control on auto (at least one FD fan)
2. Put feeders speed control on auto after varying fuel
master(FM) output and making feeder speed controller
error zero.
3. Vary Blr. Master O/P so that FM error becomes zero. Then
put FM on auto.
4. Make throttle pr. Set point and actual pr. Difference zero.
5. Put BM on auto.
6. Increase /decrease unit master output so that it becomes
equal to actual load. (wait unit load set value and load
value matches as shown in the CMC panel digital
indicator).
7. Form TG desk put turbine control on auto.
8. Press coordinated push button along with manual release
on CMC desk.

FEED RATE
CURVE
GENERATOR
Generator
UCB Set Point

Max
Mill PA Flow

+
Controller

HAD

CURVE GENERATOR
SETTINGS XU01 CARD
HAD SET POINT FOR PA FLOW AS
PER FEED RATE

FEED RATE (T/H)

MILL PA FLOW SETPOINT (T/H)

70

17.5

75

20

77

30

92.5

40

96.5

50

100

60

105

70

108

CURVE GENERATOR SETTING

140

120

MILL PA FLOW SETPOINT(T/H)

105

100
96.5

108

100

92.5

80
75

77

70

60

40

20

0
0

17.5

20

30

40

FEED RATE(T/H)

50

60

70

THANK YOU