Introduction to Fluid Mechanics

Chapter 12
Compressible Flow

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Main Topics
Basic Equations for
One-Dimensional Compressible Flow
Isentropic Flow of an Ideal Gas
Area Variation
Flow in a Constant Area Duct with Friction
Frictionless Flow in a Constant-Area Duct with
Heat Exchange
Normal Shocks
Supersonic Channel Flow with Shocks
Oblique Shocks and Expansion Waves

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Basic Equations for

One-Dimensional Compressible Flow
Control Volume

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Basic Equations for

One-Dimensional Compressible Flow
Continuity

Momentum

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Basic Equations for

One-Dimensional Compressible Flow
First Law of Thermodynamics

Second Law of Thermodynamics

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Basic Equations for

One-Dimensional Compressible Flow
Equation of State

Property Relations

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Isentropic Flow of an Ideal Gas

Area Variation
Basic Equations for Isentropic Flow

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Isentropic Flow of an Ideal Gas

Area Variation
Isentropic Flow

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Isentropic Flow of an Ideal Gas

Area Variation
Subsonic, Supersonic, and Sonic Flows

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Isentropic Flow of an Ideal Gas

Area Variation
Reference Stagnation and Critical Conditions for
Isentropic Flow

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Isentropic Flow of an Ideal Gas

Area Variation
Property Relations

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Isentropic Flow of an Ideal Gas

Area Variation
Isentropic Flow in a Converging Nozzle

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Isentropic Flow of an Ideal Gas

Area Variation
Isentropic Flow in a Converging Nozzle

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Isentropic Flow of an Ideal Gas

Area Variation
Isentropic Flow in a
Converging-Diverging Nozzle

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Isentropic Flow of an Ideal Gas

Area Variation
Isentropic Flow in a
Converging-Diverging Nozzle

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Flow in a Constant-Area Duct

with Friction
Control Volume

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Flow in a Constant-Area Duct

with Friction
Basic Equations for Adiabatic Flow

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Flow in a Constant-Area Duct

with Friction
Adiabatic Flow: The Fanno Line

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Flow in a Constant-Area Duct

with Friction
Fanno-Line Flow Functions for
One-Dimensional Flow of an Ideal Gas

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Flow in a Constant-Area Duct

with Friction
Fanno-Line Relations

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Flow in a Constant-Area Duct

with Friction
Fanno-Line Relations (Continued)

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Frictionless Flow in a ConstantArea Duct with Heat Exchange

Control Volume

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Frictionless Flow in a ConstantArea Duct with Heat Exchange

Basic Equations for Flow with Heat Exchange

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Frictionless Flow in a ConstantArea Duct with Heat Exchange

Heat Exchange: The Rayleigh Line

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Frictionless Flow in a ConstantArea Duct with Heat Exchange

Rayleigh-Line Relations

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Normal Shocks
Control Volume

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Normal Shocks
Basic Equations for a Normal Shock

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Normal Shocks
Intersection of Fanno & Rayleigh Lines

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Normal Shocks
Normal Shock Relations

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Normal Shocks
Normal Shock Relations (Continued)

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Supersonic Channel Flow

with Shocks
Flow in a Converging-Diverging Nozzle

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Oblique Shocks and

Expansion Waves
Typical Application

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Oblique Shocks and

Expansion Waves
Mach Angle and Oblique Shock Angle

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Oblique Shocks and

Expansion Waves
Oblique Shock: Control Volume

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Oblique Shocks and

Expansion Waves
Oblique Shock: Useful Formulas

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Oblique Shocks and

Expansion Waves
Oblique Shock Relations

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Oblique Shocks and

Expansion Waves
Oblique Shock Relations (Continued)

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Oblique Shocks and

Expansion Waves
Oblique Shock: Deflection Angle

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Oblique Shocks and

Expansion Waves
Oblique Shock: Deflection Angle

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Oblique Shocks and

Expansion Waves
Expansion and Compression Waves

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Oblique Shocks and

Expansion Waves
Expansion Wave: Control Volume

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Oblique Shocks and

Expansion Waves
Expansion Wave:
Prandtl-Meyer Expansion Function

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Oblique Shocks and

Expansion Waves
Expansion Wave: Isentropic Relations

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