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CHAPTER 2
BUOYANCY & STABILITY
HJ. ZAMALI BIN OMAR
BOUYANCY DEFINITIONS
The ability or tendency of a liquid
to lift a body that is put into it
Keupayaan atau kecenderungan
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sesuatu badan yang diletakkan ke
dalamnya
INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
ARCHIMEDES PRINCIPLES
A body that is submerged or
partially submerged will
experience a buoyant force, in
which the buoyant force is equal
to the weight of the displaced
volume of liquid
ARCHIMEDES PRINCIPLES
ARCHIMEDES PRINCIPLES
ARCHIMEDES PRINCIPLES
ARCHIMEDES PRINCIPLES
BUOYANCY
CENTRE OF BUOYANCY
CENTRE OF BUOYANCY
CENTRE OF BUOYANCY
EXAMPLE 2.1
Find the volume of the water displaced and position
of centre of buoyancy for a wooden block of width
2.5 m and of depth 1.5 m when it floats horizontally
in water. The density of wooden block is 650 kg/m3
and its length 6.0 m.
SOLUTION
SOLUTION
EXAMPLE 2.2
Measuring 0.4m wooden cubes
floating in water as shown below.
Wood density is 0.6. Determine
the wooden block drafts:
EXAMPLE 2.3
The mass of a pontoon is 50
metric tonnes. Size or dimensions
pontoon is 6m wide, 15m long 2.4
m high. What is the draft when
the pontoon is loaded with 130
x103 kg of gravel. The water
density is 1025kg/m3.
EXAMPLE 2.4
A rectangular pontoon is used to
transport agricultural grain through
the river. Width and length of each
pontoon is 8.5m and 27.4m. Without
load draft 1.5m. With a load of grain,
the draft is 2.1m. Determine:
i. Weight of pontoon without load
ii. Grains weight.
STABILITY OF SUBMERGED
BODY
STABILITY OF SUBMERGED
BODIES
STABILITY OF SUBMERGED
BODIES
META-CENTER
LOCATION OF META-CENTRE
LOCATION OF META-CENTRE
MB = I / Vd
I = Moment of inertia of a horizontal
section of the body taken at the surface
of the fluid
Vd = the displaced volume of fluid.
META-CENTRIC HEIGHT
META-CENTRIC HEIGHT
MG = MB + GB
EXAMPLE 1
A rectangular pontoon of 5 m long,
3 m wide and 1.2 m deep is immerse
0.8 m in sea water. If the density of
sea water is 1150 kg/m3 , find the
meta-centric height of the pontoon.
SOLUTION
SOLUTION
EXAMPLE 1
A solid cylinder of 2 m diameter and
1 m height has a mass of 800kg
floating in the water as in the figure.
Find its meta-centric height and the
type of balance.
STEP 1
Weight of cylinder = Weight of water displaced
Mg = gAd
800 x 9.81 = (1000)(9.81)(12)d
d = (800)/(1000)()
d = 0.255 m
STEP 2
MG = MB + GB
MB = I / Vd
= (d4/ 64) / Ad
= (24/ 64) / (22/4)(0.255)
= 0.98 m
GB = (1/2 h) (1/2d)
= (1) (0.255)
= 0.5 0.1275
= 0.3725 m
STEP 3
MG = MB + GB
MG = 0.98 m 0.3725 m
= 0.6075 m
Conclusion: Stable because MG is +ve value.
Example