Introduction to Plant

Reproduction
Introduction to AgriScience and
Technology
GHS
Mr. Ham

Objective 1.1
Define Propagation

Propagation

The reproduction of plants either sexually or

asexually.

Objective 1.2
Define sexual reproduction and
the
terms
associated with it.
Sexual
Reproduction:

The union of the female and male sex cells to

produce a seed (embryo).
Ovule: female sex cell.
Pollen: male sex cell.
Embryo (seed-germ): an immature plant.

*Sexual reproduction involves the creation of

a genetically new individual.

Objective 1.3
List and explain the different
Monocots:
typesSeeds
ofwithseeds.
one seed leaf.

Leaves have parallel

veins.
1 solid seed.
Stem vacular bundles
scattered.
Roots are adventitious
Flowers in multiples of
three.
Pollen with single
furrow or pore

Dicots

Seeds with 2 seed leaves

or 2 cotyledons
Veins are webbed.
Pollen with three furrows
or pores.
Flowers parts in
multiples of four or five.
Stem vascular bundles in
a ring.

Monocots

Dicot Leaf

Dicot

Objective 1.4
List and explain the different
Complete
types
of
flowers.
Incomplete

Complete Flowers
Sepals

The outer part of the flower.

In open flowers, the sepals are found at the

base of the plant.

Petals
The brightly colored, soft tissue that attracts
insects.

Stamens

The male part of the flower that has an

anther at the end of it to produce pollen.

Pistil

Stigma

Style

The opening of the pistil.

The tube-like structure that connects the
stigma and ovary.

Ovary

The site of fertilization and growth of the

seed.

Stigma, Style &

Ovary

Ovary

Complete
Flower

Complete
Flower

Incomplete Flower

An incomplete flower
is one that lacks one
or more of the four
principal components
identified in a
complete flower.

Objective 1.5
Explain the difference between a
A perfect flower is
perfect
imperfect flower
one withand
both the
stamen and pistil

An imperfect flower
is one that lacks one
of the sex organs.

Objective 1.6
Define pollination, fertilization
Pollination
and germination.
The transfer of pollen

from an anther to a
stigma of a flower of the
same species.

Fertilization

The union of the pollen

and ovule cells.

Germination

The sprouting of a seed.

Objective 1.7
Define asexual reproduction

Asexual Reproduction:

The reproduction of a plant without the uniting of a

pollen and ovule.
Asexual reproduction is often referred to as vegetative
propagation since no seed is involved in the formation
of the new plant.
It is known as a clone.
Leaves, stems or roots may be used to grow a new
plant.
*Produces a genetically identical plant.

Objective 1.8
List the benefits of vegetative
True traits of the parents
propagation.
Maintains genetic purity with

No seed

100% replication of parent plant.

Some plants do not produce a seed or the seeds are too small to
work with.

Accelerates the time it takes to get a new plant to the

market

Traditionally, it would take up to 40 years to get a new plant to

the general public; however, micropropagation can yield
marketable levels of plants within 8 to 12 years.

Objective 1.9
List and explain the different types of
vegetative propagation.

Layering

Cutting

Taking a bud from one plant and moving it to another.

Grafting

Using a short section of plant stems for propagation.

Budding

Involves getting roots to grow from the stem. I.e., magnolia tree

Placing a section of a stem of one plant onto another plant.

Tissue culture

Taking a group of cells or a single cell and growing it to a plant.

Layering

Cutting

Tissue Culture