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Axial Compressor
Axial Fan
Construction
Construction
Velocity Triangle
Euler Equation:
or:
Compressor Stage
p2
h h W W 2 0
h W 2 h W 2
2
x2
2
2
2
x1
2
1
Compressor Stage
Isentropic Efficiency
h03 h01
T03 T01
Pressure Ratio
p03 T03ss
p01 T01
1 c
Other Relation
T03 T01
T01
Compressor Stage
Reaction Ratio
A measure of the static enthalpy rise that occurs in the rotor expressed
as a percentage of the total static enthalpy rise across the stage
h01rel = h02rel
C1 = C3
Cx2 = U-Wx2
Cx1 = U-Wx1
(Cx2-Cx1)=(Wx1-Wx2)
h2 h1 W12 W22 2
h3 h1 h03 h01 U C x 2 C x1
2U C x 2 C x1
2U C x 2 C x1
2
1
Wx1 Wx 2 Wx1 Wx 2
2U C x 2 C x1
2U
R 1 tan 2 tan 1 2
U tan tan
Reaction Ratio
Stage Loading
Blade Cascade
Cascade: a row of geometrically similar blades arrange at equal distance
In axial compressor:
High solidity
Gas flow around a blade is affected by the flow around adjacent blade
Cascade wind tunnel and Cascade theory
to obtain information on the effect of
different blade designs on:
air flow angles
pressure losses
expected energy transfer
Data from cascade testing to be corrected:
annulus wall boundary layer at hub and tip
interference of alternate blade row
solidity decrease from hub to tip
blade velocity varies from hub to tip
affecting blade inlet angle
Data from cascade testing applied only for
one radius and inlet blade angle
Nomenclature
p0 p01 p01
tan 1 tan 2
tan
2
Drag Coefficient
s p0
C D 2
2
c C1
cos 3
2
cos 1
Lift Coefficient
s
C L 2 cos tan 1 tan 2 C D tan
c
Blade Efficiency
Stage Efficiency
Ca constant dCa dr 0
dC x dr C x r C x r const
Multistage Performance
Compression 1 5
Single compression:
hIIs hI
m hIIs hI c
hII hI
Staged compression:
Ws m h2 s h1 h3 s h2
h4 s h3 h5 s h4
Ws
m
hII hI
However:
h2 s h1 h3s h2
h4 s h3 h5 s h4 hIIs hI
s c
Multistage Performance