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W h a t is h u m a n b o d y ?

H u m a n b o d y is
lik e a c o m p le x m a c h in e .

G lu c o s e is th e
fu e l o f h u m an b o d y.

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H ow does our
b o d y u s e g lu c o s e ?
G lu c o s e is u s e d b y
o u r b o d y w ith th e
h e lp o f in s u lin
G lu c o s e c a n b e u s e d fo r
- E ith e r im m e d ia te
re q u ire m e n t
- O r s to re d fo r fu tu re u s e

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A c tio n o f I n s u lin

Food D ig e s tio n in S to m a c h G lu c o se

A b s o r p tio n
in B lo o d

I n th e B o d y I n s u lin f r o m P a n c re a s B lo o d G lu c o s e
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W h a t is d ia b e te s ?
D IA B E T E S is a
d is e a s e in w h ic h
th e g lu c o s e le v e l
in th e b lo o d re m a in s
h ig h e r th a n n o rm a l

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H ow do you know
y o u r g lu c o s e le v e ls ?
T h e re a re s im p le te s ts
fo r th e d e te c tio n o f d ia b e te s
- U rin e te s t.
- B lo o d te s t.
E a r ly d e te c tio n
m a y h e lp to p re v e n t G lu c o s e
R e a d e x a c tly NEG
100

T race
250

+
500

++
1000

+++
2 0 0 0 m g ./d l

++++

fu tu re p ro b le m at 60 Seconds

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What are the normal
values of blood sugar ?
Non diabetic State of the Body Blood Glucose in mg/dl

Fasting < 100

2 hours after meal < 140

Diabetic State of the Body Blood Glucose in mg/dl

Fasting >= 126


2 hours after meal >= 200
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Who are at risk of diabetes ?
People who
Have family history of diabetes
Are over 35 years of age
Are overweight
Do not perform
any physical activities

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W h a t c a u s e s d ia b e te s ?
Im p ro p e r fu n c tio n in g o f
th e in s u lin fa c to ry (p a n c re a s )
- In a d e q u a te in s u lin in th e b o d y

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W h a t c a u s e s d ia b e te s ?
B o d y
T h o u g h a v a ila b le
a n d re q u ire d ,
y e t b o d y u n a b le
to u s e th e in s u lin
( in s u lin re s is ta n c e )

- Im p ro p e r
u s e o f in s u lin .

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I m p r o p e r fu n c tio n in g o f th e
in s u lin fa c to r y (P a n c r e a s )
I n s u lin p r o d u c tio n
Less/
- In a d e q u a te (ty p e 2 ) N o P
rod u
ct ion
- N il (ty p e 1 )

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S y m p to m s o f d ia b e te s
E x c e s s iv e th ir s t
F re q u e n t u rin a tio n
U n e x p la in e d w e ig h t lo s s

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S y m p to m s o f d ia b e te s
Irrita b ility
W e a k n e s s a n d fa tig u e
C o n td .,

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S y m p to m s o f d ia b e te s
B lu rre d v is io n
T in g lin g o r n u m b n e s s in fe e t
D e la y e d h e a lin g o f w o u n d s

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W ill a d ia b e tic h a v e
a ll th e s e s y m p to m s ?

N o ! T h e p a tie n t m a y h a v e
o n e o r m o re o f th e s y m p to m

E v e n in a b s e n c e o f a n y
s y m p to m s th o s e w h o a re
a t ris k o f d ia b e te s m u s t
u n d e rg o re g u la r c h e c k u p
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W h a t if th e s y m p to m s o f d ia b e te s
o r th e d is e a s e its e lf is n e g le c te d ?

It c a n le a d to
s e rio u s
p ro b le m s
(C o m p lic a tio n s )
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W h y d o c o m p lic a tio n s o c c u r ?
D ia b e te s le a d s to :
- In c re a s e d b lo o d
g lu c o s e le v e l
- In c re a s e d c h o le s te ro l
le v e l in th e b lo o d
- In c re a s e d le v e ls o f
so m e h a rm fu l
su b s ta n c e s
T h e s e in c re a s e d
le v e ls c a u s e
c o m p lic a tio n s
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W h a t c o u ld b e th e
c o m p lic a tio n s o f d ia b e te s ?
H e a r t d is e a s e

K id n e y d is e a s e

E y e p ro b le m s

N e rv e d a m a g e s

D ia b e tic fo o t
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D ia b e te s a n d h e a r t d is e a s e
D ia b e tic m a n D ia b e tic w o m a n
a s c o m p a red a s c o m p a red
to n o n -d ia b e tic to n o n -d ia b e tic

H e a rt D ise a s e T w o tim e s F o u r tim e s

H e a rt A tta c k 2 7 % M o re 1 9 % M o re

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H o w d o e s d ia b e te s
a ffe c t th e h e a r t ?
D ia b e te s le a d s to in c re a s e in b a d c h o le s te ro l
T h e d e p o s it io n o f e x c e s s iv e b a d c h o l e s t e r o l
n a rro w s b lo o d v e s s e ls . T h is m a y le a d to :
- P a in in c h e s t (a n g in a )
- H e a rt a tta c k
- S tro k e

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D ia b e te s a n d e y e p r o b le m s ?
D ia b e te s a ffe c ts b lo o d v e s s e ls o f th e e y e
D ia b e te s in c re a s e s th e ris k o f:
- D a m a g e to re tin a .
- C a ta ra c t.
- G la u c o m a .
G et your eyes
checked once a year
if y o u a re a d ia b e tic

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D ia b e te s a n d
n erve d am ages
W h e n th e g lu c o s e le v e l in th e b lo o d
re m a in s h ig h fo r a v e ry lo n g tim e , it
- D a m a g e s n erv es
- R e d u c e s s e n s a tio n

T h is m a y c a u s e :
- In a b ility to fe e l c o ld ,
h e a t, p a in , tin g lin g
- F a in tin g a n d d iz z in e s s
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D ia b e tic fo o t
D ia b e te s m a y le a d to
P o o r b lo o d
c irc u la tio n in le g s
L o s s o f s e n s a tio n
in th e fe e t d u e to
d a m a g e to th e n e rv e s
In fe c tio n s a n d
u lc e rs in th e fe e t
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D ia b e te s a n d K id n e y D is e a s e
K id n e y s filte r H ig h le v e ls o f g lu c o s e in th e b lo o d ,
b lo o d in o u r b o d y m a k e th e k id n e y s d o e x tra w o rk
O v e r a p e rio d o f
tim e th e k id n e y s
get dam aged

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