Transmission Training 2015

Contains.

Technology(SDH, DWDM)
Bandwidth (STM64, STM16, STM4, STM1)
Cable(Core and Access Network)
Save cost (Correct length replace of cable)
OTDR(Measure Machine)

Transmission Training 2015

How many reason to make down one

link?
How many reason to make down one
BTS?

Transmission Training 2015

Technology:
In Movitel were using 2 type of technology :
SDH, DWDM SDH
PDH
DWDM
Inside of SDH,
using more for
monitor VIBA

Synchronous
Digital

Synchronous
Digital

One fiber, one

signal
Electrical Multiplex

One fiber many

signal
Optical Multiplex

Support until 10G

Can support 900G

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SDH technology

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DWDM technology

Transmission Training 2015

Bandwidth
Actually we have 4 bandwidth:
STM64= 10 Gbits => 4*STM16
STM16= 2.5Gbits => 16*STM1
STM4= 622 Mbits => 4*STM1
STM1= 155 Mbits

Transmission Training 2015

Cable Movitel:
How Many type of cable we have
generally?
What type of cable we can use for
Core Network, access network
How many km of cable we fix?

Transmission Training 2015

Different type of cable for core and
access network
Cable
Reference

G.652

6G655

WAVELENGH

1310 1550

1310 1550

Big dispersion

Small dispersion

Dispersion

Transmission Training 2015

Whats Cable 6G655 ?

Transmission Training 2015

6G655 This is cable for Backbone. ADSS

24Fiber(6G655) have 6 fibbers type "G655" must
use for backbone 1A, 1B and 1C HANG cable.
6 G655 Fibers start from 19 to 24. - 18 G652
Fibers start from number 1 to number 18.
Especial, G655 fibers need use for DWDM links. it
have dispersion small per 1km. used more for
connect DWDM, Backbone;

Transmission Training 2015

Type of Fiber:

MMF(MuItimode Fiber):

Generally we use
this for short distance, and have low rate;
Ex: inside of bts, machine roon;

SMF(Single Mode Fiber):

fiber we use for long distance;

Generally this

Transmission Training 2015

Save Cost Transmission:

Change wrong length of cable

Save Cost Estimated Transmission Movitel

Activity

Description

Find broken
point exatly;
Change wrong length of
Replace
cable
necessary
cable

Total Number
Incident
monthly

65

Number
incident

65 ( Replaced
cable 300 m
average)

Actually cost
number incident

16.575 $

Supervise
Trans. Dept.(Train
for staff); NOC:
supervise
quantity;

Cost After
reduced

Estimate
cost

60%

9.945

Transmission Training 2015

Patch cord

Transmission Training 2015

OTDR (Optical Time Domain Reflectometer)

Transmission Training 2015

Parameter
Set distance range parameter
The first test (to determine
The second test: (to
50
km
the loss point of cable more
determine the end of cable
clearly):

more clearly)

Wavelength: 1550 nm
Distance Range : 50 km
Pulse Width: 500 ns
Avg Method: Hi Speed
Avg Duration: 1 min

Wavelength: 1550 nm
Distance Range : 50 km
Pulse Width: 1 s
Avg Method: Hi Speed
Avg Duration: 1 min

Transmission Training 2015

Attenuation (also called fiber loss)

Expressed in dB or dB/km, this represents the loss, or rate of loss

between two events along a fiber span

Transmission Training 2015

Event loss

Difference in optical power level before and after an event, expressed in

dB

Fusion Splice or
Macrobend

Connector or
Mechanical
Splice

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How to interpret an OTDR Trace

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Connector

the pulse go up and down then go straight. It could be due to

connector, patch cord.

Connector
A connector mechanically
mates 2 fibers together and
creates a reflective event
Connector or
Mechanical
Splice

Transmission Training 2015

Fusion Splices

the pulse go down then go straight, it could be due to splice or bend

loss point.

Fusion

A Gainer is a splice gain that appears

when two fibers of different backscatter
coefficients are spliced together (the
higher coefficient being downstream)
Connector or
Mechanical
Splice

Transmission Training 2015

A Fiber End or Break occurs when the fiber terminates.
The end reflection depends on the fiber end cleavage and its
environment.

End or Break

Muito
Obrigad
o!