Institutional Aspects of Environmental

Management
By
Md. Humayun Kabir, PhD
Professor
Department of Geography and Environment
University of Dhaka

Preamble
The global concern over environmental/
degradation/protection was realized by humankind
after 1950s
Creation of NEPA (USA) in 1969
Creation of UNEP in 1972
Stockholm Conference on Human Environment in
1972.
WCS in 1980

Preamble
Creation of Various Conventions/Agreements on
Environment
-Ramsar Convention on Wetlands in 1971
-Convention on Biodiversity in 1992
-UN Framework Convention on Climate Change 1992
-Kyoto Protocol adopted in Dec 1997 & entered into
force in Feb 1997
-Montreal Protocol adopted in Sept 1987 & entered into
force in Jan1989

Global Efforts to Stop

Ozone Layer Depletion
The Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone
Layer is a Multilateral Environmental Agreement. It was
agreed upon at the Vienna conference of 1985 and entered
into force in 1988. In terms of universality, it is one of the
most successful treaties of all time, having been ratified by
196 states (all United Nations members as well as some
other islands and EU)

Global Efforts to Stop Ozone Layer

Depletion
The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the
Ozone Layer (a protocol to the Vienna Convention for the
Protection of the Ozone Layer , is an international treaty
designed to protect the ozone layer by phasing out the
production of numerous substances that are responsible for
ozone depletion. It was agreed on September 16, 1987, and
entered into force on January 1, 1989.

Preamble
Environmental Issues of Bangladesh
Need for env conservation act
-The major environmental problems in Bangladesh
can be traced to the problems of over-population
and poverty. They are: deforestation, deteriorating
water quality, natural disasters, land degradation,
salinity, unplanned urbanisation, discharge of
untreated sewage and industrial wastes etc.

Preamble
In Bangladesh, the first commitment to environmental
protection started through Environmental Pollution
Control Ordinance 1977
The creation of Department of Pollution Control
Board (1985) and later on DOE in 1989
Of late, the Government has set up 21 new offices at
district level with the creation of 468 new positions.
As a result, the DOE staff has been increased to 735.

Preamble
The conception on environment was first developed in
Bangladesh through National Environment Policy 1992
Ministry of Environment & Forest in 1992 and
NEMAP in 1992
Bangladesh Environment Conservation Act 1995 was
initiated through BEP 1992
Bangladesh Environment Rules 1997
Forest Policy in 1994 & Forestry Master Plan (19932012) in 1993

Preamble
Environmental Conservation Act 2010 (amended)
DOE was given authority to implement the
Bangladesh Environment Conservation Act 1995
However the acts related to environmental
conservation are
-Environment Court Act 2000
-Environment Conservation Rules1997
-Brick Burning Act 1989 (amended in 1992)

Institutional Set-up in Env Mgt

Ministry of Environment and Forest

Department of Environment (throughout Bangladesh)
Conventions & Agreements
NGOs
Curricula on env studies (at tertiary level)