You are on page 1of 19

Methodology III

Jean Franco Aranguiz


Mariel Guzmn

Index
Definition of dyslexia
Types of dyslexia
Signs/Symptoms and treatments
Causes
How common dislexia is
Strategies
Reality in Chile
Video
Conclusion

Objectives
To present the learning disability named Dyslexia.
Stating definitions of the disability, and describing
the different types of dyslexia, the symptons
regarding this and a possible treatment.
To be aware of the reality in our country, giving some
tips and helpful information to be able of handling
this disability in the classroom
To realize how this disability is treated in our country
in terms of what the Mineduc says and how Special
schools work.

Dyslexia
A specific learning disability that affects reading
and related language-based processing skills. The
severity can differ in each individual but can affect
reading fluency, decoding, reading comprehension,
recall, writing, spelling, and sometimes speech and
can exist along with other related disorders.
Dyslexia is sometimes referred to as a LanguageBased Learning Disability.
Dyslexia is a learning difficulty that primarily affects
the skills involved in accurate and fluent word
reading and spelling.

Types of dyslexia
In general, there are several types of dylexia
that may affect a childs ability to both read
and write.
Trauma Dyslexia: It occurs after some form
or injury to the rea of the brain that controls
Reading and writing.
Primary Dyslexia: A dysfunction of the left
side of the brain and it does not change with
aging.
Secondary Dyslexia: It can be caused by
hormonal development during the fetal
development.

Signs and Symptoms


Reads slowly and painfully
Experiences decoding errors, especially with the order
of letters
Shows wide disparity between listening comprehension
and reading comprehension of some text
Has trouble with spelling
May have difficulty with handwriting
Exhibits difficulty recalling known words
Has difficulty with written language
May experience difficulty with math computations
Decoding real words is better than nonsense words
Substitutes one small sight word for another: a, I, he,
the, there, was

Treatment
Although dyslexia is a lifelong problem, a
range of educational programmes and
interventions are often effective in improving
reading and writing skills in many children
with the condition. Research has shown that
the earlier appropriate interventions are
adopted, the better.

Causes
1) Trauma Dyslexia
2) Primary Dyslexia
3) Development of secondary Dyslexia
The exact cause of dyslexia is unknown, but it's
seen more commonly in families.
Six geneshave been identified that may be
responsible for the condition, fourof which affect
the way the brain is formed during early life.
Specialist brain scans (functional magnetic
resonance imaging (MRI) scans) also show there
is reduced function of one area towards the back
of the brain, called the occipito-temporal cortex.

How common is dyslexia


According to the Chilean Reality
The number of children with this learning
disability varies from 5% to 12%. Moreover, this
type of disability is more common in boys.
At 6 years old it is generally the age when
Doctors have certainty to diagnose children with
dyslexia. (the age when children begin to read)

Strategies
Provide a quiet area for activities like reading,
answering comprehension questions
Use books on tape
Use books with large print and big spaces between lines
Provide a copy of lecture notes
Dont count spelling on history, science or other similar
tests
Allow alternative forms for book reports
Allow the use of a laptop or other computer for in-class
essays
Use multi-sensory teaching methods
Teach students to use logic rather than rote memory
Present material in small units

Supports or changes in the


classroom(accommodations)
Assistive technologycan also help many
students work around their learning disabilities.
Assistive technology can range from low-tech
equipment such as tape recorders to high-tech
tools such as reading machines (which read books
aloud) and voice recognition systems (which allow
the student to write by talking to the computer

Reality in Chile
http://www.educarchile.cl/ech/pro/app/detalle
?id=210458

Pros and Cons of Special Schools


Pros

Cons

They provide students


They may have difficulty
with individual attention
relating to others who
that they would likely
are not like them, so
not receive in traditional
they may feel outcasts.
Special schools often
schools.
Teachers in special
require parents to pay
schools are specially
money that is out of
trained to deal with
their pocket for the child
students with needs.
to attend.
Special schools promote
a sense of inclusin
among the students.

The best things I did for my


dyslexic child
This was written by a mother in NYC and sent to The
Yale Center for Dyslexya & Creativity.
My son has dyslexia. He is now 4 and a successful
lawyer, but getting through school, and his academic
frustrations, was a challenge we all learned from.
Once my husband and I understood the problem that
was plaguing our highly verbal, crearly intelligent son,
I found it very important to respond with a solution for
any issue he raised...
Assign him a tutor for tackling any skill dficit.
Finding a special school for special treatment and set
up to use his talents. This was not only to focus on
the spelling errors, but also on his illegible
handwriting and careless errors in math.

Advices for Parents/Teachers


According to the Chilean psychologist Amanda
Cspedes, in an article written for Educarchile.
To motivate them to be in love with Reading
(Stories that appeal to their interests)
To ask them to read a text at their own rate,
trying to comprehend what they are Reading.
To show interest about the text read, paying
attention to the theme of the text rather than
the mistakes.
To congratulate the children for their
improvement on their Reading skills, also
known as Achievement Motivation

Video

Conclusion
In conclusion, dyslexia is prevalent in our society,
though not well recognized or understood. It is a
life-long condition, which affect both children in
school and adults in their vocational and social
environments. Families and physicians must be
aware of resources that exist in their communities
and on the Internet for adults with dyslexia and
allow access of these resources to enable them to
best compensate for their disability.

Bibliography
http://www.bdadyslexia.org.uk/dyslexic/definitions
http://
www.nhs.uk/conditions/Dyslexia/Pages/Introduction.a
spx
https://
sites.google.com/a/neuropedhrrio.org/educacion/Home
/dislexia
http://ldaamerica.org/types-of-learning-disabilities/dys
lexia
/
https://
www.ghotit.com/2014/01/dyslexia-symptoms-causes-a
nd-types-of-dyslexia
*http://dyslexia.yale.edu/parentsstories.html

You might also like