ATM and ATM/IMA

Presenter: Lubos Zelinsky

2007 AT&T Knowledge Ventures. All rights reserved. AT&T

and the AT&T logo are trademarks of AT&T Knowledge Ventures.

ATM and ATM/IMA

Agenda:

Define ATM

Define ATM/IMA.

Why ATM/IMA?

Most commonly used equipment.

ATM/IMA configuration fundamentals and commands.

ATM configuration fundamentals for T1/E1

ATM traffic shaping.

Troubleshooting.

Questions.

1. Define ATM
ATM concept:
Fixed cell length (53 bytes)
Switch based
End-to-end connection
ATM header structure (5 - bytes)

Define ATM
ATM layers:
1. ATM Physical layer
Transmission Convergence Sub-layer
Physical Media Dependant Sub-layer

2. ATM layer
3. ATM adaptation layer (AAL)

AAL1: used for circuit emulation, voice over ATM.

AAL2: used for sub-rated voice over ATM.
AAL3/4: used for data over noisy ATM lines.
AAL5: used for data over ATM, most widely used AAL type.

2.Define ATM/IMA
IMA: stands for Inverse Multiplexing for ATM. This technology

provides a scalable and cost-effective solution for customers seeking

to expand WAN bandwidth from T1 speeds, without having to pay for
DS3 or OC3 circuits. With IMA, two or more T1 circuits can be
"bundled" to effectively gain upward of 3Mbps speeds.

3. Why ATM/IMA?
1. (Managed ATM) MATM IMA customer has greater
flexibility in purchasing ATM access and service ports.
2. Before IMA, customers were limited to only three
supported ATM port speeds. (1.5Mb (T1), 45Mb (T3), or
155Mb (OC3).
3. ATM/IMA is able to support up to 8 T1s (12Meg port speed)
4. T1s may be dynamically added or dropped from an IMA
group

4. Most commonly used equipment

From 262nXM and above

mostly used 2811 and 2821 with AIM/ATM module

Not supported on 29xx Series.
ISR G2 support starts from 39xx Series

Requires hardware support

ATM/IMA is placed inside the box on the main board

Cards and network modules

most commonly used in MRS conditions is VWIC2-2MFT-T1/E1

(ATM/IMA), Cisco 7200 and higher series is needed port adapter
most commonly used in MRS conditions is NM-1A-T3 (ATM)

IOS depends on platform from 11.2 (13)

For IPFR/AVPN (MPLS) most often used 12.4.6T7 or newer 12.4.15Tx

Mostly used Cables

ATM/IMA straight trough CAT 5 cable, RJ45-RJ45 (ISE-693-(xxx))

ATM DS3 cable with dual BNC connectors (ISE-853-(xxx))

5. ATM/IMA configuration fundamentals

and commands
ATM/IMA configuration depends on platform and IOS.
Standard ATM/IMA configuration for Cisco 2800 and 3800
series, with VWIC card.
Card type (E1 or T1)

card type T1 0 0

Clock participation

network-clock-participate wic 0

Clock selection

network-clock-select

5. ATM/IMA configuration fundamentals

and commands
Valid configuration for Cisco 2821 with IOS 12.4(6T7):
!
card type T1 0 0
!
network-clock-participate wic 0
network-clock-participate aim 0
!
network-clock-select 1 T1 0/0/0
network-clock-select 2 T1 0/0/1

5. ATM/IMA configuration fundamentals

and commands
Configuration of interfaces and controllers:
!
controller T1 0/0/0

Ona2821router,thereare2AIM
slots,slot0andslot1.Besureto
designatetherightonehere!

mode atm aim 0

framing esf
linecode b8zs
!

SettheT1parameterstomatchthe
incomingT1Framing,Linecode&Cable
length.

interface ATM0/0/0
no ip address
no scrambling-payload
ima-group 0
no atm ilmi-keepalive

IMAgroupselecteddeterminestheIMAinterface's
number(imagroup0goeswithATM0/IMA0,imagroup
1goeswithATM0/IMA1).

5. ATM/IMA configuration fundamentals

and commands
Configuration of IMA interface and subinterface:
Regardlessofcontrollerlocation,always
!
useATM0(i.e.ATM0/IMAx)fortheIMA
interface ATM0/IMA0
interface(that'swheretheAIMcardis
located).
no ip address
ip route-cache flow
load-interval 30
Specificationofvcpervpparameterto
no atm ilmi-keepalive
allowyoutoconfigureVCInumberhigher
atm vc-per-vp 1024
thatn512
!
interface ATM0/IMA0.777 point-to-point
ip address x.x.x.x 255.255.255.252
VPIandVCIvalueneedsto
ip mtu 1500
besameasisconfiguredat
firstATMdeviceinacloud.
pvc IPFR 1/777
vbr-nrt 4608 4377 32
encapsulation aal5snap

ATM configuration fundamentals for T1/E1

card type e1 0 0
!
controller E1 0/0/0
mode atm aim 0
!
interface ATM0/0/0
mtu 1500
no ip address
scrambling-payload
no atm ilmi-keepalive
!
interface ATM0/0/0.88 point-to-point
ip address 192.168.68.1 255.255.255.252
pvc 1/88
vbr-nrt 2048 2048 1
encapsulation aal5snap
max-reserved-bandwidth 100
oam retry 3 5 1
oam-pvc manage 10
oam ais-rdi 15 3

AlsosingleT1/E1requireshardware
support.ATM/AIMmoduleorotherATM
hardwaremustbeinstalledinarouter
ATMutilizeunframedinterfacesanddoes
notneedtosetchannels.Framingand
linecodingforbalancedcircuitsmaybe
needed

NoneedtocreateIMAgroup(bundle)forsingleT1/E1

ATM configuration fundamentals for T3/E3

card type T3 1
!
interface ATM1/0
bandwidth 45000
atm clock INTERNAL
atm scrambling cell-payload
no atm ilmi-keepalive
!
interface ATM1/0.83 point-to-point
bandwidth 15000
ip address 172.24.43.226 255.255.255.252
pvc 1/83
vbr-nrt 44209 44209 1
oam-pvc manage
encapsulation aal5snap
!

CommandisrequiredonlywithNM1A
T3/E3.

6. ATM traffic shaping.

ATM to Frame Relay traffic-shaping

Mechanism how to avoid congestion in a network.

Without it, you can create a mismatched link.

Operates independently for each virtual circuit.

Normally, only required for the high-speed end of the

connection

Default is value PCR(peak cell rate)=Portspeed (peak cell

rate)

6. ATM traffic shaping terminology:

Variable bit rate-nonreal time (VBR-NRT) composition:
Peak cell rate (PCR) - This is the maximum rate for an
ATM VC. It is defined in kbps on a router and in cells per
second on many ATM WAN switches.
Sustained cell rate (SCR) - Overall, this is the average cell
rate for an ATM VC. It is defined in kbps on a router and in
cells per second on many ATM WAN switches.
Maximum burst size (MBS) - This is the maximum amount
of data that can be transmitted at the peak cell rate. It is
defined in number of cells.
Verification#show atm pvc (vpi/vci)
ATM1/1/0.300: VCD: 23, VPI: 3, VCI: 103 PeakRate: 44209,
Average Rate: 0, Burst Cells: 0

6. ATM traffic shaping

1. How to set shaping for Frame Relay to ATM
Service Interworking?
Interface ATMX/Y.ZZZ
pvc X/Y
vbr-nrt PCR SCR MBS

Typical ATM to frame

PCR = remote port * 53/48 (common practice is +10%)

SCR = remote port * 53/48 (common practice is +10%)

MBS = 1 (doesnt really matter when PCR=SCR)

7. Basic troubleshooting.
show atm vc detail prefix interface | include Crc use this
command to verify which vc is incrementing errors
Show controller (t1/e1) (slot/port) indicates physical
layer issues
Show atm interface atm(slot/port) use to check
scrambling, ATM layer, clocking and maximum datagram
size

7. Basic troubleshooting.
ATM/IMA verification:
Show ima int atm0/ima0 this command gives you the status of
IMA group and status of each individual T1/E1.

Show atm pvc <name> - includes information regarding PVC

status you can find here also OAM status.

Show atm vc - This command depicts an accurate PVC state for

point-to-point subinterfaces using OAM management. Multipoint
subinterfaces without at least one active PVC and point-to-point
subinterfaces without OAM management will always show a PVC
state of UP.

Questions?????

THANK YOU