Hematite-based So

dium Ion Battery

Yi-Hsuan Wu
Prof. Jeng-Kuei Chang
08.04.2015

Brief Introduction ($)

Reserves
Cost

Large-scale battery

Li
Na
Almost-infinite resource

Journal of Power Sources 245 (2014) 967e9

Electrochemical rxn mechanism

Theoretical volume change ~ 215%
Theoretical specific capacity = 1007 mAh/g
Fe0 / Fe+2
Fet2 / Fet3

Oxidative feature is
not completely clear

Conversion of the iron

oxide accompanied by
SEI formation.
NaxFe2O3

Journal of Power Sources 245 (2014) 967e9

Anode
Material

Synthesis
Method

2013
ChemCo
mm

Fe2O3@GN
S

Ethonaldispersion
+
Cacilnation

80:20
(AM:PVDF)

1 M NaPF6
EC: DMC
(1:1)

2014
JPS

g-Fe2O3/
a-Fe2O3

Heat
pyrolysis

65:20:15
(AM:CB:CMC)

2015
CM

-FeOOH
(Nanorods)

Thermal
hydrolysis
microwave

2015
Ele. Acta

Fe2O3-RGO

Anode
Composition

Electrolyte

Capacity

Cycle-life
Retention

350

400

(200 mA/g)
(10 nd)

(100 mA/g)
(200 cycles)

1MNaClO4
EC:DEC
(2:1)

300

280

(130 mA/g)
(2 nd)

(130 mA/g)
(60 cycles)

50:30:5:15
(AM:G:Sp:CM
C)

1 M NaClO4
PC/5 wt%
FEC

523

200

(80 mA/g)
(2 nd)

(500 mA/g)
(100 cycles)

80:10:10
(AM:Sp:PVDF)

1 M NaClO4
EC:PC (1:1
w:w)

250

300

(100 mA/g)

(50 mA/g)
(50 cycles)

150

145

(20 mA/g)
(2 nd)

(20 mA/g)
(40 cycles)

450

300

(100 mA/g)
(2 nd)

(100 mA/g)
(200 cycles)

2015
Ele. Acta

Fe2O3
MCMB

Spex-milling

80:10:10
(AM:Sp:PVDF)

1M
NaClO4EC:DMC
(1:1 w:w)

2015
JMCA

a-Fe2O3
@TiO2
(Core-shell)

Thermal
hydrolysis

70:20:10
(AM:AB:PVDF)

1 M NaClO4
/PC

2015
JMCA

a-Fe2O3
(Core-shell)

Hydrotherma
l

75:15:10
(AM:AE:LA
132)

1 M NaPF6
EC/DEC
(V/V=1/1)

733
(6000 mA/g)

300

2015
JPS

a-Fe2O3/
(rGO)

Hydrotherma
l

80:15:5
(AM:CB:CMC)

1 M NaClO4
EC/DEC

1170

370

(37 mA/g)
(1 st)

(100 mA/g)
(150 cycles)

300

200

2015

1 M NaClO4

(100 mA/g)
(80 cycles)

Fe(NO3)39H
2O

Ethanol

200 C for 10 h

Sonicated for 10 min

GNS

Fe2O3@GNS

40 C for 24 h

Fe(NO3)39H2O/GNS

Quadrupole splitting distribution Fe2O3

Fig. 1
(a) Raman spectra of the pristine GNS, Fe2O3, and Fe2O3@GNS,
(b) the Mossbauer spectrum of Fe2O3@GNS.

XRD patterns of GNS, Fe2O3, Fe2O3/GNS and Fe2O3@GNS.

TG curve of the Fe2O3@GNS sample.

(a) SEM image of

Fe2O3@GNS,
(b) Nitrogen
adsorption
desorption
isotherms of
the pristine
GNS and
Fe2O3@GNS,
(c) STEM image
(d) high-resolution
STEM image
of
Fe2O3@GNS.

Cycling performance of
pure GNS at a current of
100 mA/g.

(a) CV curves at a scan rate of 0.05

mV s1 for Fe2O3@GNS between
0.05 and 3 V vs. Na+/Na.
(b) Dischargecharge curves of the
first 5 cycles.
(c) Cycling performance of the Fe2
O3/GNS and Fe2O3@GNS sample
s at a current of 100 mA g1, and co
ulombic efficiency of the Fe2O3@
GNS sample.
(d) Dischargecharge profiles at se
lected cycles.
(e) Rate capability of the Fe2O3@
GNS sample.
(f) Cycling performance for Fe2O3
@GNS cycled at currents of 200, 5

Conclusion (Literature)
(1) GNS builds the electron transport path.
(2) The small size of the active material Fe2O3 significantly
reduces the Na diffusion length.
(3) The active material Fe2O3 anchored onto GNS can
effectively enhance the strain-accommodating capability
and prevent the pulverization of Fe2O3 upon Na-ion
insertionextraction.

Vision
SEI formation mechanism and Fe2O3-graphene-compostie
have been studied.
Fe2O3 nanorods (by-product from hydrothermal synthesis).