Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Discrimination,
Prejudice
Prejudice and
and
Stereotype
Stereotype
Presented By: Nor Anisa Bt. Musa
Discrimination
• Direct discrimination involves treating
someone less favorably because of their
possession of an attribute (e.g., sex, age,
race, religion, family status, national origin,
military status, sexual orientation,
disability, body size/shape), compared with
someone without that attribute in the
same circumstances.
Discrimination
• Discrimination is a behavior (an
action), with reference to unequal
treatment of people because they
are members of a particular group.
• Farley also classified discrimination
into three categories.
Discrimination
• Discrimination is the behavioural component
or differential actions taken towards others
• Prejudice is a negative attitude and
behaviour, also unjustified behaviour
• Attitudes and behaviour reflects our inner
convictions
• Racism and sexism are practices that
discriminate.
Personal / Individual
Discrimination
• Personal / Individual Discrimination
is directed toward a specific
individual and refers to any act that
leads to unequal treatment because
of the individual's real or perceived
group membership.
Legal Discrimination
• Legal Discrimination refers to "unequal
treatment, on the grounds of group
membership, that is upheld by law." Apartheid
is an example of legal discrimination.
• Laws were passed not only to restrict the
movement of blacks into these areas, but also to
prohibit their movement from one district to
another without a signed pass. Blacks were not
allowed onto the streets of towns in the Cape
Colony and Natal after dark and had to carry
their passes at all times.
Institutional
Discrimination
• Institutional Discrimination refers
to unequal treatment that is
entrenched in basic social institutions
resulting in advantaging one group
over another. The Indian caste
system is a historical example of
institutional discrimination.
Subtle discrimination
• Subtle discrimination involves setting a condition
or requirement which a smaller proportion of
those with the attribute are able to comply
with, without reasonable justification. The U.S.
case of Griggs v. Duke Power Company provides an
example of indirect discrimination, where an
aptitude test used in job applications was found
"to disqualify Negroes at a substantially higher
rate than white applicants"
Racial discrimination
• Racial discrimination differentiates
between individuals on the basis of
real and perceived racial
differences, and has been official
government policy in several
countries, such as South Africa in
the apartheid era, and the USA.
Racial discrimination
An African-American
child at a segregated
drinking fountain on a
courthouse lawn,
North Carolina, 1938.
Racial discrimination
• In the United States, racial profiling of
minorities by law enforcement officials has
been called racial discrimination. As early as
1865, the Civil Rights Act provided a remedy
for intentional race discrimination in
employment by private employers and state
and local public employers.
Gingerism
• Gingerism is a form of
discrimination which is sometimes
considered to be racism.
Age discrimination