Professional Documents
Culture Documents
tecnologa FV -
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
Contenido
1. Radiacin solar
2. Conductres, aisladores, semiconductres
3. Celdas y mdulos fotovoltaicos (FV)
4. Inversores
5. Bateras
6. Estructuras FV para montaje
7. Diferentes sistemas FV
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
Resultados de la capacitacin
. Entendimiento bsico de las tecnologas de los modulos
FV y su configuracin.
. Conocer los diferentes inversores y sus aplicaciones
. Conocimientos bsicos de las bateras y
dimensionamiento de los mismas
. Conocer sistemas de acoplamiento solares FV en CA o CD
. Conocer las diferentes estructuras para sistemas FV
. Ser capaz de interpretar los diagrama tpicos lineales
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
La Tierra
gira aldedor del Sol (1 rev / ao)
Tiene una inclinacin de 23.45 grados con respecto a la
eclptica
gira en su propio eje (1 rev / 24 horas)
Irradiacin promedio en el borde exterior de la atmsfera de
la tierra
So = 1367 2 W/m2
La Irradiancia vara entre 1322 W/m y 1414 W/m
anualmente
Source:
http://wiki.naturalfrequency.com/wiki/Seasonal_variation
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
Conductores y Aislantes
Banda prohibida
(EG = energa de banda
prohibida)
Banda de Valencia
(electrnes fijos)
Source: Photovoltaics System Design and Practice Heinrich Haberlin, Wiley, 2012
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
Tabla Peridica
Fuente: Periodic table large-es de 2012rc, Edit (Translation to Spanish) by The Photographer. Disponible bajo la licencia CC BY 3.0 va
Wikimedia Commons - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Periodic_table_large-es.svg#/media/File:Periodic_table_large-es.svg
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
Semiconductores
Silicio (Si)
Germanio (Ge)
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
Semiconductores Dopado
(N)
Fsforo (P)
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
Semiconductores Dopado
(P)
Boro (B)
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
Semiconductores unin
PN de unin tipo-n y tipo-p
Materiales
Comienza el proceso de Difusin (movimiento debido a la diferencia
de concentracin)
Los electrones de la regin n se mueve a la regin p, los iones
positivos se mantienen
Los huecos de la regin p se mueven a la regin n, los iones negativos
se mantienen
Se genera un campo elctrico debido a la separacin de cargas
opuestas a la difusin
La difusin se detiene eventualmente
Puede operar como Diodo si un volatje externo es aplicado
Separates charge when efecto fotoelctrico occurs
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
Funcionamiento de un
celda FV
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
Semiconductores celda- FV
La celda solar es un gran diodo, la zona de barrera est
expuesta a la luz
La luz es absorbida por la red cristalina
El electrn de valencia gana energa y pasa a la banda de
conduccin
El par electrn / hueco es separado por el campo elctrico
antes de la recombinacin
Los electrones (huecos) se acumulan en la regin n (regin p)
El espacio de la regin de carga se reduce hasta que la
separacin termina
Las celdas solares alcanzan un voltaje de circuito abierto (V OC)
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
a-FV
cristalina vs. Monocristalina
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
Celda-FV Monocristalina
Silicio solidificado en un solo cristal grande
Cortada en un solo cristal de silicio
La produccin es intensiva en energa y consume mucho
tiempo
Ms costoso de fabricar
Textura suave
Tiras metlicas ms largas
Dedos ms pequeos
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
Celda-FV Policristalina
Silicio solidificado en muchos cristales pequeos
Cortado en un bloque de cristales de silicio entrelazados
La produccin requiere significativamente menos energa y
tiempo
Menor costo de fabricacin
Superficie reflectante moteada
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
Cuota de mercado:
Policristalina vs. Monocristalina
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
Panel FV / Arreglos FV
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
Panel FV / Arreglos FV
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
Corriente (A)
Voltaje(V)
Rango de operacin
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
Hoja de Datos
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
Corriente (A)
Dependencia de la temperatura
Voltaje (V)
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
Corriente I (A)
Voltaje U (V)
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
Voltaje U (V)
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
Conexin en serie
Corriente I (A)
Voltaje U (V)
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
Conexin en paralelo
Corriente I (A)
Voltaje U (V)
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
Ejemplos de inversores
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
Inversor Trifsico
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
Inversores valores
caractersticos
Corriente de entrada mxima del inversor
Bateras
Bateras plomo-cido
Bateras de gel
Bateras de NiCd
Otras
Bateras
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
Bateras
C in
Ah
C10 =
100Ah
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
Bateras
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
Conexiones en cruz
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
SMA Inverter
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
Sistemas independiente FV
Restaurante (Nelspruit)
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
Sistemas independiente FV
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved
Contacto:
SUNfarming GmbH
Zum Wasserwerk 12
15537 Erkner, Alemania
Tel.: +49 (0) 3362 / 8859 120
Fax: +49 (0) 3362 / 8859 130
www.sunfarming.de
info@sunfarming.de
Contacto Solar Training Center: Ing. Julius Jaeger
SUNCYbernetics (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved SUNFARMING South Africa (Pty) Ltd all rights reserved