Professional Documents
Culture Documents
AND HISTORICAL
CONSTRUCTION
Based on Racial
Formations in the United
States by Michael Omi
and Howard Winant
RACE AS A MODERN
PHENOMENON
White Landed
Gentry
Indentured
Servants
White Landed
Gentry
African
Indentured
Servants
European
Indentured
Servants
White Landed
Gentry
Free White
Men
People of
Color
CREATION OF WHITE
PRIVILEGE
Whiteness became a wage paid to white workers to prevent cross
racial labor identity
Whiteness ensures higher social status than people of color
Psychological wage of whiteness
At least Im not one of them
We Presume
the US is a
land of Social
Mobility
White Landed
Gentry
Free White
Men
Free People
of Color
Remember, slaves
could be freed, but free
people were often
captured and enslaved
Slaves
Hypo-Descent
Whiteness is pure
Any amount of non-European heritage makes a person non-white
PHIPPS AND
HYPO-DESCENT
Susan Guillory Phipps was
defined as African-American
because she was 1/32nd Black.
This means One of her 32 GreatGreat-Great-Great Grandparents
was Black.
Here is a SUPER simplistic
drawing of her 32 great-greatgreat-great grandparents:
RACIAL FORMATION:
The meaning of race is defined and contested throughout society,
in both collective action and personal practice. In the process,
racial categories themselves are formed, transformed, destroyed
and re-formed. We use the term racial formation to refer to the
process by which social, economic, and political forces determine
the content and importance of racial categories, and by which they
are in turn shaped by racial meanings.
RACIALIZATION
The extension of racial meaning to a previously racially
unclassified relationship, social practice or group.
An ideological process, an historically specific one.
RACE AS A SYSTEM OF
CODES
We utilize race to provide clues about who we expect a person to
be
These clues influence social interactions
Reinforced through:
Media
Cultural and Political Discourse
Academic Discourse
HOW DO RACIAL
ASSUMPTIONS
INFLUENCE IDENTITY?
WHERE DO WE SEE
THESE STEREOTYPES?