Prefabrication

Submitted By :Azhar Ayyub

Ashish Pandey
Saurav Juyal
Siddharth Pathak

Prefabrication
Prefabrication is the practice of
assembling components of a
structure in a factory or other
manufacturing site, and
transporting complete
assemblies or sub assemblies to
the construction site where the
structure is to be located.

Prefabricated Building
Prefabricated Housing: "Prefabricated building is a type of building
that consists of several factory-built components
or units that are assembled on-site to complete
the unit. Prefabricated are built in:

Components (panels)
Modules (modular homes)
Transportable sections (manufactured
homes)
Mobile homes (houses on wheels)

Differences in the
construction types : Modular homes are created in sections,
and then transported to the home site for
construction and installation.
Manufactured homes are built onto steel
beams, and are transported in complete
sections to the home site, where they are
assembled.
Mobile homes built on wheels, which can
be moved

COMPARISON
Site-cast
no transportation
the size limitation is depending on the elevation capacity only
lower quality because directly affected by weather
proper, large free space required

Precast at plant
transportation and elevation capacity limits the sizehigher, industrialized quality less affected by weather
no space requirement on the site for fabrication
unlimited opportunities of architectural appearance
option of standardized

Using Prefabrication to slash

the Construction time :The relatively fast rate of construction is
facilitated by the following :Standardized modular flat with prefabricated
components.
Rotational use of large panel steel formwork.

Fair face off-form finishes with

paint to exterior and tiles/paint
to interior.

Types Of Precast System

1.
2.
3.
4.

Large-panel systems
Frame systems
Lift-Slab systems with walls
Mixed systems

Large Panel System

box-like structure.
both vertical and horizontal
elements are load-bearing.
one-story high wall panels
(cross-wall system /
longitudinal wall system / two
way system).

Frame System
Components are usually
linear elements.
The beams are seated on
corbels of the pillars usually
with hinged-joints (rigid
connection is also an option).
Joints are filled with
concrete at the site.

Lift Slab System

- precast on-site.
- one or more storey high pillars
(max 5).
- up to 30 storey high
constructions.
- special designed joints and
temporary joints.
-slabs are casted on the ground
(one on top of the other) then
lifted with crane or special
elevators.

Prefabricated
Components
Precast Facades
To tackle the complicated
profile by casting on ground.
Horizontal cast (wall as slab)

Prefabricated
Components
Precast Staircase
Staircase is normally confined in a
limited space within the staircase.
Insitu construction is difficult and
sometimes dangerous due to possible
movement of false work.
Precast staircase is simple to produce
in factory and easy to install on site.

Prefabricated Components
Precast Partitions
Two types of precast partitions : (i) Lightweight partitions
(ii) R.C. partitions

Prefabricated
Components
Lightweight partitions are
either by aerated concrete or
hollow tube panel.
Lightweight partitions are to
be erected after construction
of structural frame, to serve
as partitions but eliminate
wet trade.

Prefabricated
Components
R.C. partitions are thin
partitions which is difficult
to construct vertically by
insitu method.
R.C. partitions often for FRP
reasons or for sound
insulation, are better cast in
factory and horizontally.

EQUIPMENTS
Cranes: mobile crane
tower crane (above 3stories)
Lifting Tools: spreader beams
wire rope slings
Rigging tools:
eye bolt
shakles
hooks

ASSEMBLING
Column to column connection

BEAM TO COLUMN CONNECTION

BEAM SLAB JOINT

ADVANTAGES
Quick erection times
Possibility of conversion, disassembling
and moving to another site
Possibility of erection in areas where a traditional
construction practice is not possible or difficult
Low labor intensivity
Reduce wastage of materials
Easier management of construction sites
Better overall construction quality
Ideal fit for simple and complex structures

LIMITATION
size of the units.
location of window openings has a limited
variety.
joint details are predefined.
site access and storage capacity.
require high quality control.
enable interaction between design phase and
production planning.
difficult to handling & transporting.

SCHEDULING

some approximate data for installation

emplacement of hollow core floor slabs - 300
m2/day
erection of pillars/columns - 8 pieces/day
emplacement of beams - 15 pieces/day
emplacement of double tee slabs - 25 pieces/day
emplacement of walls - 15 pieces/day
construction of stair and elevator shafts - 2
floors/day

THANK YOU