CHAPTER FOUR

ATTITUDES

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 ATTITUDES- DEFINITIONS

Attitudes are:

 evaluating statements or judgements

concerning objects, people or events
(Robbins).

 relatively lasting feelings, beliefs and

behavioural tendencies directed towards
specific people, groups, ideas, issues or
objects (Hellriegel et al).

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 CHARACTERISTICS OF
ATTITUDES
Attitudes:
1. Persist- unless something is done to
change them.
2. Can fall any where in a continuum-very
favourable to very unfavourable.
3. are directed towards some objects about
which a person has some feelings and
beliefs

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COMPONENETS OF ATTITUDE

1. Cognitive -opinion or belief segment

2. Affective - emotional or feeling

segment

3. Behavioural- an intention to behave in a

certain way towards someone or something

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 FUNCTIONS OF ATTITUDES

1. Adjustment
2. Ego defensive
3. Value expressive
4. Knowledge

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 BARRIERS TO CHANGING
ATTITUDES

 Prior commitment

 Insufficient information

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 CHANGING ATTITUDES BY
OVERCOMING BARRIERS

 Providing new information

 Use of fear
 Resolving discrepancies
 Influence of friends or pears
 The co-opting approach

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 SPECIFIC EMPLOYEE
ATTITUDE: JOB
SATISFACTION
Definition (Locke):
Job satisfaction is a pleasurable or
positive emotional state resulting
from the appraisal of one’s job or
job experience.

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 IMPORTANT DIMENESION
OF JOB SATISFACTION

1. JS is an emotional response

2. JS is how well outcomes exceed

expectations

3. JS reflects several related attitudes

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The job dimensions that account
for job satisfaction according to
Smith, Kendal & Hulin, are:

* the work itself

*pay
*promotions
*supervision
*coworkers

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OUTCOMES OF JOB
SATISFACTION

 Productivity
 Turnover
 Absenteeism
 Organizational citizenship
Behaviour

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SPECIFIC EMPLOYEE ATTITUDE:
ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT

Definition (Robbins):
Organizational commitment is the degree
to which an employee identifies with a
particular organization and its goals and
wishes to maintain membership in the
organization.

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 DIMENSIONS OF
ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT
(Meyer & Allen)

1. Affective

2. Continuance

3. Normative

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AFFECTIVE COMMITMENT

is the employees emotional

attachment to, identification with,
and involvement in the
organization.

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 2. CONTINUANCE
COMMITMENT

involves commitment based on the

cost that employees’ associates
with leaving the organization

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 3. NORMATIVE
COMMITMENT

involves the employees feelings of

obligation to stay with the
organization.

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 BUILDING
ORGANIZATIONAL

COMMITMENT
Fairness & Satisfaction
 Job security
 Organizational comprehension
 Employee involvement
 Trusting employees

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 CONCLUSION

 If A=1 B=2 C=3…………

X=24 Y=25 Z=26

 Then Attitude =100

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