Impact of cold war

Arms race
Definition:-Parties competes to produce larger numbers
ofweapons, greater armies, superiormilitary technology, etc.
Increase in airforce, naval and military size
At its peak usa and ussr had 30,000 nuclear warheads EACH
Some people felt the world would end and so built bunkers in case
of nuclear war
malfunction of launch detection system
Even today, theUnited StatesandRussiamaintain roughly 1,800
of their nuclear weapons on high-alert status ready to be
launched within minutes of a warning

Harry Truman and the Marshall Plan

Harry S. Truman was the 33rd President of the United States.
Truman succeeded to the presidency, when Roosevelt died on 12 th
April 1945
The president adopted a policy of containment toward Soviet
expansion and the spread of communism. Truman Doctrine to
provide aid to Greece and Turkey in an effort to protect them from
communist aggression.
Truman also instituted theMarshall Plan, which gave billions of
dollars in aid to help stimulate economic recovery in European
nations.
He also played a major role in the formation of NATO and in the
South Korean War

Formation of NATO and the Warsaw

PACT
NATO
WARSAW PACT
It was primarily a security pact,
Warsaw Pact focused on the
stating that a military attack
objective of creating a coordinated
against any of the signatories
defense among its member
would be considered an attack
nations in order
against them all.
12 countries signed it in 1949
Warsaw Pact was signed in 1955
by 8 countries
The original membership
consisted of Belgium, Britain,
alliance were Albania, Bulgaria,
Canada, Denmark, France,
Czechoslovakia, the German
Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, the
Democratic Republic (East
Netherlands, Norway, Portugal and Germany), Hungary, Poland and
the United States.
Romania.
Greece and Turkey were admitted
in 1952, the Federal Republic of

Korean War
Korea had been a part of the Japanese empire, and afterWorld War II
it fell to the Americans
In August 1945, the Korean peninsula in half along the 38th parallel.
The Russians occupied the area north of the line and the United
States occupied the area to its south thus splitting Korea into two.
The Korean War began when in June 1950 some 75,000 soldiers from
the North Korean Peoples Army poured across the 38th parallel
The fight on the Korean peninsula was a symbol of the global struggle
between east and west
Nearly 5 million people died in the war on both sides.
Till this day only a cease fire has been signed, but no peace treaty.

Suez crisis
On October 29, 1956, Israeli armed forces pushed into
Egypt toward the Suez Canal after Egyptian president
nationalized the canal initiating the Suez Crisis.
The Soviets were eager to exploit Arab nationalism and
gain a foothold in the Middle East. They supplied arms
and help the Egypt government build a dam which the
Americans had declined.
USSR Issues warning to wipe Western Europe clean off
the map if Britain and France invaded.
United States intervened and threatened to put
sanctions which made Britain France and Israel step
down.

Space Race
After World War II drew to a close in the mid-20th century, a new conflict
began. Known as the Cold War, and space would become a new arena for
this competition.
The soviets launched the first satellite into space which made the
Americans nervous and so to prove their might, a few years later they
launched their own.
The soviets went a step further and in 1961 sent the first man in space.
The Americans followed behind in 1962.
From 1961-64 NASA budget increased 500% and on July 16 th 1969 US
successfully landed a man on the moon.
By landing on the moon, the United States effectively won the space
race
And after 4 fail attempts to land on the moon, USSR gave up.

Berlin Wall
AsWorld War IIcame to an end in 1945, the allies
decided to split Germany into 4 parts
The east would be controlled by the USSR and the west
by Great Britain, France and the United States.
Blockade in 1948
Migration from east to west and construction of berlin
wall
Constructed in 2 weeks by army and police.
Heavily fenced, shoot on sight orders. 171 people died.
November 9, 1989 the wall came down.

Cuban missile crisis

It was an intense 13 day standoff between USSR and
the US over the installation of nuclear-armed Soviet
missiles on Cuba
Fidel Casto and the soviet union.
U-2 spy plane and finding of missile installations
The US then enforced a blocked and threatened military
intervention
the Soviet leader sent a letter proposing that the USSR
would dismantle its missiles in Cuba if the Americans
removed their missile installations in Turkey and
promised not to invade Cuba.

To sum it up, all these crisis along with slow industrial

pace and crippling economic policies led to the biggest
impact of the cold war The Fall of the USSR