SHIRI GURU GRANTH SAHIB WORLD UNIVERSAITIY

FATEHGARH SAHIB

INDUSTRIAL TRAINING REPORT

OF
SIX WEEK INDUSTRIAL TRAINING
UNDERTAKEN AT
AARTI STEEL LIMITED
UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF
Er. AJESH KUMAR
TRAINING INCHARGE
SUBMITTED TO
Dr. HARPUNEET SINGH

SUBMITTED BY
Harinder singh
13095105
M.Tech( 5 yrs )
Mechanical

PREFACE
I feel great pleasure in bringing out this report on industrial training
.this report is primarily designed t equip the person with ideal guidance and
knowledge for getting 100% satisfaction from this report.
This report is outcome of my fruitful experience however and claim
is made regarding the original research but presentation and treatment of
subject is in my own style. I hope this report will help you t get through your
mind with report will with flying colors and my elders will find this report as
good assignment material .inspire of best efforts. Certain discrepancies
might have crept in this report as such constructive suggestions are highly
appreciated.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
An engineer with theoretical knowledge is not a complete engineer,
practical knowledge is very important furan engineer to develop and
apply engineering skills
I express my sincere thanks to my training and placement officer
who has given me privilege to undergo six weeks industrial training at
Aarti steels limited, Ludhiana (Pb).
I am thankful to Mr. Mahesh Mittal for giving me this opportunity to
get required of my course.
I am thankful to Mr. Balbir Singh (Management Reperantative) and my
chief instructor and project in charge for their creative guidance and
valuable suggestions while undergoing the training.
The help and cooperation extended by the staff of Aarti steel is
fully acknowledged. Words are not enough to thanks for their help and
guidance

CONTENTS
Introduction to the company
Organization chart
Steel and material properties
Major manufacturing equipment
Process flow chart
Election arc furnace
Ladle refining furnace
Vacuum degassing and continuous costing
Rolling and its various operations
Rolling processes and rolling mills
Rolling defects
Inspection and testing
Company product profile
Quality assurance
Miscellaneous
Manufacturing range
Marketing function
Strengths attributions formidable status.

INTRODUCTION TO THE COMPANY

Aarti steels ltd. Represents a fully integrated steel manufacturing
company with manufacturing facilities of carbon ,Non alloy and
alloy steel rounds and squares, flats sponge iron.
Power and ferro alloys the company also manufactures spring
wires and tyre bead wire. The total products Portfolio of the
company is assigned to the automobile industry. Manufacturing
carbon steels,alloy steels,non alloy & special steels.

AARTI STEEL LIMITED

We represent a fully integrated steel manufacturing company with state
of art plant located in Punjabi and Orissa with a total installed capacity
of 2 lakh tones per annum and 90 mw of power. We have being ranked
best among mini steel plants of our size and status, due to our strong
steps on quality assurance.

STEEL AND MATERIAL PROPERTIES

Steel is an alloy by combining iron and other elements, the most
common of these being carbon.when carbon is used,its content in the
steel is between 0.2% and 2.1% by weight,depending on the
grade.other alloying elements sometimes used are
manganese,chromium,vanadium and tangusten carbon and other
elements act as a hardening agent Prevating dislocations in the iron
atom crystal lattice from sliding past one another.varying the amount
of alloying elements and the form of their presence in the steel
(solute elements precipitated phase) controls qualities
Such as the hardness,ductility,and tensile strength of the Resulting
steel.steel with increased carbon content can be made harder and
stronger than iron,but such steel is also less ductile than iron.
Alloys with a higher than 2.1% carbon cntent are known as cast iron

MATERIAL PROPERTIES

PROCESS FLOW CHART

RAW MATERIAL

ELECTRIC ARC FURNACE

VACUUM

LADLE REFINING FURNACE

CONTINUOUS CASTING

CONDITIONING & FINISHING

INSPECTION AND TESTING

BLOOM CONDITIONING

ROLLING MILL

DESPATCH

ELECTRIC ARC FURNACE

An Electric Arc Furnace (EAF)

EAF is a furnace that heats charged material by means of an electric arc.
Arc furnaces range in size from small units of approximately one ton
capacity (used in foundries for producing cast iron product) up to about 400
ton units used for secondary steel making. Arc furnace used in research
laboratories and by dentist may have capacity of only a few dozen grams.
Industrial electric arc furnace temperatures can be up to 1,800 (3272) while
laboratory unit can exceed 3,000.(5432) Arc furnaces differ from
introduction furnaces in that the charged material is directly exposed an
electric arc and the current in the furnace terminals passes through the
charged material.

LADLE REFINING
After tapping from electric arc furnace , the ladle furnace is put on LF
refining position.
LF refining is conducted through arc heating and argon blowing. During the
process, the steel deoxidization,desulfurization,the adjustment of steel
temperature and chemical composition are completed.in primary slag, there
is no vaccum function in LF,but room of vacuum device may be obligated in
LF zone for future development.

ROLLING (METAL WORKING)

A Rolling Schematic

In metalworking, rolling is a metal forming process in which metal stock

is passed through one or more pairs of rolls to reduce the thickness
and to make the thickness uniform. Rolling is classified according to the
temperature of the metal rolled. If the temperature of the metal is above
its recrystallization temperature, then the process is termed as hot
rolling. If the temperature of the metal is below its recrystallization
temperature, the process is termed as cold rolling. In terms of usage,
hot rolling processes more tonnage than any other manufacturing
process, and cold rolling processes the most tonnage out of all cold
working processes

HOT ROLLING PROCESS

Hot rolling is a metalworking process that occurs above the

recrystallization temperature of the material. After the grains
deform during processing, they recrystallize, which maintains
an equiaxed microstructure and prevents the metal from work
hardening.

COLD ROLLING PROCESS

Cold rolling occurs with the metal below its recrystallization

temperature (usually at room temperature), which increases
the strength via strain hardening up to 20%. It also improves
the surface finish and holds tighter tolerances.

CONTINUOUS CASTING

Continuous casting (Tundish and Mold).

1:Ladle

2: Tundish

3:Mold

4:Plasma torch.

5.Stopper.

6:Straight zone.

ROLLING MILLS
A rolling mill, also known as a reduction mill or mill, has a common
construction independent of the specific type of rolling being performed:

TYPES OF ROLLING MILLS

1.Two-high mill
3. Three high mill
5.Cluster mill

2.Two high reversing mill

4.four-high mill

Surface defects
There are five type of surface defectsLap
This type of defect occurs when a corner or fin is folded over and rolled
Slivers
Prominent surface ruptures.
Some other defects which are given belowBurning
Cracking of material due to long furnace stay or over heating of material
Cracks
They are caused by improper rolling temperature, too much reduction of roll or
poor conditioning of billet
Fins and over filling
Narrow beads are found in the rolling direction of material. They occur by wrong
adjustment of rolls and excessive stock from previous pass.

INSPECTION AND TESTING

1. Optical microscope
2. Stereo microscope
3. Moulding machine
4. Ultrasonic
5. Automatic polisher
6. Rockwell handles tester
7. Brinell hardness tester