Professional Documents
Culture Documents
WINTER
Curriculum
Change
Template
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Learning Outcome
Outline the curriculum change and
innovation in ELT education in
Malaysia
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Learning Criteria
After learning these, we can:
define curriculum change and curriculum
innovation
discuss the political and ideological influences
on curriculum innovation
evaluate the models that explains how
changes take place
explain factors that influence the diffusion and
dissemination of change and innovation in the
curriculum.
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WINTER
Curriculum
Template
Definition
Plan of action
Written document
Experiences of the learner planned
experiences in and out of school
Subject matter
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WINTER
Change
Template
Definition
the act or fact of changing; fact of being changed.
a transformation or modification; alteration:
Theynoticedthechangeinhisfacialexpression.
a variation or deviation:
achangeinthedailyroutine.
the substitution of one thing for another:
Wefinallymadethechangetoanoilburningfurnace.
variety or novelty:
Let'stryanewrestaurantforachange.
the passing from one place, state, form, or phase to
another: achangeofseasons;socialchange.
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WINTER
Innovation
Template
Definition
something new or different introduced:
numerous innovations in the highschool curriculum.
the act of innovating; introduction of new
things or methods.
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WINTER
Definition of
Template
curriculum change
and innovation
Definition
Curriculum Change = any attempt to
bring change in the curriculum of a
school or school system
Curriculum Innovation = new efforts to
bring improvement to curriculum. Need
human intervention
Believe in God
Loyalty To King and Country
Upholding The Constitution
Rule of Law
Good Behaviour and Morality
Education
Act
1996
Objectives
2. Interest driven
individualized learning technology
education being tailored to students own interests
3. Skills 2.0
collaboration, innovation, critical thinking, and communication
21 Century Skills
st
21 Century Skills
st
Educators are learning to work together, with their students, and with other experts in
creating content, and are able to tailor it to exactly what they need.
Critical thinking.
Students are learning how to effectively find content and to discern reliable sources.
Democratizing education.
With Internet access becoming more ubiquitous, the children of the poorest people are
able to get access to the same quality education as the wealthiest.
Changed Forever
leadership
communication
release of human potential
problem solving
evaluation
Kurt Lewin
Kurt Lewin
Thinking Questions
Based on Kurt Lewins idea, think of how
disequilibrium can inhibit change? Give
examples of how change can be
stimulated.
Kurt Lewin believed that to stimulate
change, it is better to reduce the power of
restraining forces than to increase driving
forces.
Number 1:
Q&A
Antagonists of Change
Antagonists of change
Futilitarians
Faint-hearts
The old regime
Bureaucrats
Nostalgics
Resistance to Change
Edgar Friendberg teachers are generally
conformist not innovators. Teachers have
succeeded in the school system as it has existed.
They have learned to play it safe and to keep a
low profile in a bureaucratic system run by
administrators who do not like to create waves
Rapidity of change teachers unwilling to support
changes perceived as short-lived
Resistance to Change
Obstacles to Change
Obstacles to Change
Norm incongruence
Boredom
Chaos
Differential knowledge
Sudden wholesale change
Unique points of resistance