M02 BasicAdmin

Basic
Administration
Module 2
Data ONTAP 7-Mode Administration
Module Objectives
By the end of this module, you should be able to:
Connect remotely to a FAS system using the
console and a remote host
Access NetApp System Manager to
administer a storage system
Execute commands using the console, a
remote host, and System Manager
Demonstrate how to use commands to analyze
a FAS system
Configure and manage the AutoSupport
service for a FAS system
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
Administrative
Interfaces
Administration Options
A storage system may be managed from:
The command-line interface (CLI)
Access directly (serial connection to the console)
Access remotely (SSH, Telnet)
A graphical user interface (GUI)

Access remotely (using a variety of protocols)
What are the advantages or disadvantages of

each method?
Command-Line
Interface
Command-Line Interface
CLI is accessed through the console or through a shell
system> Wed Apr
7 20:53:01 ...
logged in from console

system>
By default, a storage system allows:

One session
One user at a time
Creating additional sessions generates an error:
Too many users logged in!
Please try again later.
Connection closed.
Use the options command (discussed later) to allow

two separate sessions
system> options telnet.distinct.enable true
Console Connections
The console allows a physical connection
through the:
Serial port
Serial Port
Storage systems have an RJ45

port marked IOIOI on the rear panel
Connect the DB9 end to a serial
port on a host computer
Properties:
Speed: 9600 bits per second
Data bits: 8
Stop bits: 1
Parity: None
Flow Control: Hardware or none
7
Console Connections (Cont.)

The console allows a physical connection
through the:
Serial port
RLM
RLM Port
Remote access to your storage

system regardless of the system
state
Continuous power and secure
access
Use rlm commands to configure
Use naroot to login as root
8
Console Connections (Cont.)

The console allows physical connection
through the:
Serial port
RLM
BMC (on FAS2000 series)
BMC Port
Remote access to your storage

system regardless of the system
state
Continuous power and secure
access
Use bmc commands to configure
Shell Access
Besides direct console access, administrators
may access a storage system through the:
e0M (if available)
Management
LAN
RLM
e0M
Data
LAN
e0a
e0b
Data ONTAP 8.0

10
Shell Access (Cont.)

Besides direct console access, administrators
may access a storage system through:
e0M (if available)
Ethernet
By default, using secured protocol:

SSH
Other insecure protocols (not recommended):
RSH
Telnet
11
Secure Shell
Secure shell (SSH):
Allows for secure administrative access to the storage
system
Requires no license; set on by default in new installs
Data ONTAP 7.3.x and 8.0.x supports SSH 2.0
To configure SSH 2.0:
system> secureadmin setup ssh
Enter a host key of 768 bits
Wait for syslog message that SSH is set up
system> secureadmin enable ssh2
Host keys are found here:

RSA key: /etc/sshd/ssh_host_rsa_key
DSA key: /etc/sshd/ssh_host_dsa_key
12
Secure Sockets Layer

Secure Sockets Layer (SSL):
Uses a certificate to provide a secure connection between the
storage system and a Web browser
Certifications can be either:
Self-signed certificate
Certificate-authority-signed certificate
To configure a self-signed certificate SSL:

system> secureadmin setup ssl
Enter country, state, locality, organization, unit, common, e-mail,
days until expiration, and key length
Certificate created in the /etc/keymgr directory
A self-signed certificate is called secureadmin.der
13
Secure Sockets Layer (Cont.)

To configure a certificate-authority-signed certificate
SSL:
system> secureadmin addcert ssl directory_path
directory_path is the full path: /etc/tempdir/secureadmin.pem
Certificate created in the /etc/keymgr directory
A certificate-authority-signed certificate is called
secureadmin.pem
To enable SSL:
system> secureadmin enable ssl
14
Working with the CLI

To move the cursor right
one position
Ctrl-F or the Right

arrow key
To move the cursor left

one position
Ctrl-B or the Left arrow

key
To move the cursor to the

beginning of the line
Ctrl-A
Delete all characters from

the cursor to the end
Ctrl-K
Delete the character to the

left of the cursor
Ctrl-H
Delete the line
Ctrl-U
Delete a word
Ctrl-W
Reprint the line
Ctrl-R
15
Command-Line Privileges
CLI has two modes:
Administration
priv set or priv set admin
Represented by system>
Advanced
priv set advanced
Represented by system*>
Use advanced commands only under the

direction of NetApp personnel
system> priv set advanced
Warning: These advanced commands are potentially dangerous;
use them only when directed to do so by NetApp personnel.
system*>
16
Basic Administration Commands

system> ?
?
aggr
backup
cf
cifs
config
dafs
date
df
disk
disk_fw_update
dns
download
dump
echo
ems
environment
exportfs
fcp
fcstat
file
filestats
fpolicy
ftp
system>
halt
help
hostname
httpstat
ifconfig
ifstat
igroup
ipsec
ipspace
iscsi
iswt
license
lock
logger
logout
lun
man
maxfiles
mt
nbtstat
ndmpcopy
ndmpd
netdiag
netstat
nfs
nfsstat
nis
options
orouted
partner
passwd
ping
priv
qtree
quota
rdate
reboot
restore
rmc
route
routed
rsm
savecore
secureadmin
setup
shelfchk
snap
snapmirror
snapvault
snmp
software
source
storage
sysconfig
sysstat
timezone
traceroute
ups
uptime
useradmin
version
vfiler
vif
vlan
vol
vscan
wcc
ypcat
ypgroup
ypmatch
ypwhich
17
Advanced Privilege Commands

system*>
df
disk
disk
disk_fw_update
disk_list
disk_stat
dns
download
dump
echo
ems
environ
environment
exit
exportfs
fcadmin
fcp
fcstat
file
fpolicy
ftp
getXXbyYY
led_on
led_on_all
led_on_off
led_test
led_test_one
license
lmem_stat
lock
log
logger
logout
ls
lun
man
maxfiles
mbstat
mem_scrub_stats
mt
mv
nbtstat
ndmpcopy
ndmpd
quota
rdate
rdfile
reboot
registry
remote
restore
result
revert_to
rm
rmc
rmt
rod
route
routed
rsm
rtag
savecore
scsi
secureadmin
setup
sh
sysstat
test_lcd
timezone
toe
traceroute
ups
uptime
useradmin
version
vfiler
vif
vlan
vol
vscan
wafl
wafl_susp
wcc
wrfile
ypcat
ypgroup
ypmatch
ypwhich
18
Graphical Interfaces
19
Graphical Interfaces
A storage system can be managed through
multiple graphical interfaces:
System Manager
Operations Manager (formerly DataFabric
Manager)
Microsoft Windows interfaces such as
Computer Management for certain CIFS
functionality
20
System Manager 1.1

System Manager 1.1 enables:
Quick setup
Easy management of NetApp storage
System Manager requires:

Windows XP, Vista, Server 2003 or 2008
Microsoft Management Console 3.0
Microsoft .NET Framework 2.0
System Manager supports:

Data ONTAP 7.2.3 or later
FAS2000, FAS3000, and FAS3100 series; more soon
21
System Manager Features

System Manager includes:
Windows integration
Discovery and setup
of storage systems
NAS provisioning
LUN provisioning
CIFS and NFS configuration
ISCSI and FC configuration
Management of storage systems
Streamlined HA pair configuration
Windows system tray notification
22
System Manager: Assigning a System

After installation, administrators may either discover or
manually assign storage systems to manage
Add host name or IP

and click here
Discovery requires
DHCP
23
System Manager: Storage Systems

Edit allows host name changes
Set up allows configuration

of the selected storage if
properly authenticated
24
System Manager: Setup Wizard
If previous configured, check OK

and then click Next
25
System Manager: Setup Wizard (Cont.)
26
27
28
System Manager: Configuration
29
System Manager: System Dashboard
Select a storage
system to
view details
30
System Manager: Security
Configure SSH
and SSL
31
System Manager: Security (Cont.)
32
System Manager: Security (Cont.)
33
Operations Manager
Discovers, monitors, and manages NetApp storage
Provides maximum availability, reduced TCO, and
ensures business policy compliance
34
Alternative GUIs
Alternative GUIs, include:
Microsoft Management Console (MMC) and its snap-ins
Computer Management
Server Manager (in Windows Server 2008 and later)
35
Configuring Your
System
36
Configuring Your System

To change the configuration of a storage system, use
one of the following methods:
CLI
Configuration files
System Manager
Steps in setting up a new storage system, include:
Verify the date, time, and time zone configuration

Set up any SNMP variables to monitor
Review the System Log (Syslog)
Configure AutoSupport
Verify configuration
AutoSupport to report configurations
37
CLI Commands
System options:
options [feature.option_name] [value]
Example: options rsh.enable on

NOTE: If no value is entered, the current value is displayed
Volume options:
vol options volname [option_name] [value]
Aggregate options:
aggr options aggrname [option_name] [value]
38
Registry Files
Registry files contain many persistent configurations
File
Usage
/etc/registry
Current registry
/etc/registry.lastgood
Copy of registry after last

successful boot
/etc/registry.bck
First-level backup
/etc/registry.default
Default registry
NOTE: The registry should never be edited directly
39
Editing files using CLI

Some files can be edited from the CLI.
To edit a file:
1. Make a backup copy of the file.
2. Read the file using rdfile.
3. Write the file using wrfile or use wrfile
a to append to a file without deleting.

When the wrfile command is issued, the
original file is always deleted (unless the a
option is applied)
Better yet... use System Manager
40
CLI: Date, Time, and Time Zone

To configure the date and time:
system> date [-u] [[[CC]yy]mmddhhmm[.ss]]
For example:
system> date 201004020728
Sets the date for April 2, 2010 at 7:28 a.m.
To configure the time zone:

system> timezone [name]
The name argument specifies the time zone to use

Each time zone is described by a file in the storage
systems /etc/zoneinfo directory
For example:
system> timezone America/Chicago
Sets the time zone to CST
41
CLI: Date, Time, and Time Zone (Cont.)

To configure a storage system for SNTP:
system> options timed.proto ntp
To set the SNTP servers:

system> options timed.servers
pool.ntp.org, 10.125.25.23
To enable it on:
system> options timed.enable on
In an Active Directory
environment, set this to
sync with the servers Active
Directory syncs with
42
System Manager: Date, Time, & Time Zone
To configure
date, time, and
timezone
43
CLI: Syslog
Message logging is done by a syslogd daemon
The /etc/syslog.conf configuration file on the
storage system's root volume determines how system
messages are logged
Messages can be sent to:
The console
A file
A remote system
By default, all system messages are sent to the

console and logged in the /etc/messages file
You can access the /etc/messages files via
An NFS or CIFS client (discussed later in this course)
System Manager
44
The /etc/syslog.conf File

The /etc/syslog.conf file consists of lines
with space-separated fields in the following
format:
facility.level action
The facility parameter specifies the

subsystem from which the message originated
The level parameter describes the severity
level of the message
The action parameter specifies where to send
messages
45
System Manager: Syslog
To view the
Syslog
46
AutoSupport
47
AutoSupport
AutoSupport:
Monitors a storage system's operations
Sends automatic messages to Technical Support
HTTP/HTTPS
E-Mail Server
AutoSupport messages are generated:
When certain triggering events occur

When you initiate a test message
When the system reboots
Once a week (usually after 12 a.m. on Sundays)
48
Examples of AutoSupport Events

Events
E-Mail Subject Line
Low NVRAM battery
BATTERY_LOW
Disk failure
DISK_FAIL!!!
Disk scrub detected checksum errors
DISK_SCRUB CHECKSUM ERROR
Shutdown occurred because of overheating
OVER_TEMPERATURE_SHUTDOWN!!!
Partial RPS failure occurred
REBOOT
Disk shelf error occurred
SHELF_FAULT
Spare disk failure occurred
SPARE DISK FAILED
Weekly backup of /etc/messages occurred
WEEKLY_LOG
Successful cluster takeover of partner
CLUSTER TAKEOVER COMPLETE
Unsuccessful cluster takeover
CLUSTER TAKEOVER FAILED
Cluster takeover of virtual filer
REBOOT (CLUSTER TAKEOVER)
Cluster giveback occurred
CLUSTER GIVEBACK COMPLETE
49
CLI: Configuring AutoSupport

1. Specify whether you wish to send notification to
NetApp (required for many NetApp Support
services):
system> options autosupport.support.enable [off|on]
2. Specify whether to send notifications to Technical

Support over SMTP or HTTP/HTTPS:
system> options autosupport.support.transport
If smtp, then sent to autosupport.support.to

If http/https, then sent to autosupport.support.url
Read-only
50
CLI: Configuring AutoSupport (Cont.)

5. Determine amount of information to include:
system> options autosupport.content
[complete|minimal]
6. If minimal, specify how to identify storage systems:

system> options autosupport.minimal.subject.id
[hostname|systemid]
7. Specify up to five mailhost servers:

system> options autosupport.mailhost host1[,...]
8. Specify the senders e-mail:

system> options autosupport.from address
9. Specify up to five e-mails to send notifications:

system> options autosupport.to address[,...]
51
CLI: Configuring AutoSupport (Cont.)

8. Specify up to five e-mails to send notes:
system> options autosupport.noteto address[,...]
Notes are designed to send short e-mails to devices such as
cell phone or other text devices
9. Enable AutoSupport:
system> options autosupport.enable [on|off]
NOTE: AutoSupport logs are stored here:

/etc/log/autosupport
52
Testing AutoSupport
To send an AutoSupport manual message,
complete the following steps:
Run the following command on the storage
system console:
options autosupport.doit [message]
The message can be a single word or a string
enclosed in single quotes
NetApp recommends that if you are testing your
AutoSupport configuration, use the message:
TEST or TESTING
53
System Manager: AutoSupport
To configure
AutoSupport
54
System Manager: AutoSupport (Cont.)
55
Module Summary
In this module, you should have learned to:
Connect remotely to a FAS system using the
console and a remote host
Access NetApp System Manager to administer
a storage system
Execute commands using the console, a
remote host, and System Manager
Demonstrate how to use commands to analyze
a FAS system
Configure and manage the AutoSupport
service for a FAS system
56
Exercise
Module 2: Basic Administration
Estimated Time: 60 minutes
Check Your Understanding: Answers

List the methods to access a storage systems
command-line interface.
Console, Telnet, RLM, RSH, and SSH
How can you configure a FAS system from a remote

host?
For UNIX, set up NFS and mount an export of the root
directory
For Windows, set up CIFS and access the
\\system\C$ share
When are AutoSupport messages generated?
Events occur on the storage system that require

corrective action
The storage system reboots
You initiate a test message
Once a week, usually after 12 a.m. on Sundays
60

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Basic

2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.

A graphical user interface (GUI)

What are the advantages or disadvantages of

2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.

2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.

logged in from console

By default, a storage system allows:

Please try again later.

Use the options command (discussed later) to allow

2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.

Storage systems have an RJ45

Console Connections (Cont.)

2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.

Remote access to your storage

Console Connections (Cont.)

2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.

Remote access to your storage

Data ONTAP 8.0

Shell Access (Cont.)

By default, using secured protocol:

Host keys are found here:

Secure Sockets Layer

To configure a self-signed certificate SSL:

2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.

Secure Sockets Layer (Cont.)

2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.

Working with the CLI

Ctrl-F or the Right

To move the cursor left

Ctrl-B or the Left arrow

To move the cursor to the

Delete all characters from

Delete the character to the

Delete the line

Reprint the line

2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.

Use advanced commands only under the

Basic Administration Commands

2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.

Advanced Privilege Commands

2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.

2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.

2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.

System Manager 1.1

System Manager requires:

System Manager supports:

2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.

System Manager Features

System Manager: Assigning a System

Add host name or IP

2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.

System Manager: Storage Systems

Set up allows configuration

2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.

System Manager: Setup Wizard

If previous configured, check OK

2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.

System Manager: Setup Wizard (Cont.)

2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.

System Manager: Setup Wizard (Cont.)

2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.

System Manager: Setup Wizard (Cont.)