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Currents
World Climate Patterns
World Geo 3200/3202
Unit 2, Chpt 4
November 2010
Outcomes
In this lesson you will:
2.3.6 Define the terms windward, leeward, and
rain shadow. (k)
2.3.7 Examine how the type of rainfall (i.e.,
orographic, frontal, and convectional) is related
to the nature of location. (a)
2.3.8 Explain how wind systems and
precipitation are related. (k)
Types of Rain
Relief Rainfall
Stage 1.
Warm wet air is forced to rise
over high land.
Stage 2.
As the air rises it cools &
condenses. Clouds form &
precipitation occurs.
Stage 3.
The drier air descends & warms.
Stage 4.
Any moisture in the air (e.g.
cloud) evaporates
Convectional Rainfall
Stage 1
The sun heats the ground &
warm air rises.
Stage 2
As the air rises it cools &
water vapour condenses to
form clouds.
Convectional Rainfall
Stage 3. When the
condensation point is
reached large cumulonimbus
clouds are formed.
Stage 4.
Heavy rain storms occur with
thunder & lightening due to
the electrical charge created
by unstable conditions.
http://www.curriculumbits.com/p
rodimages/details/geography/type
s-of-rainfall.html
Ocean Currents
1. Permanent or semi-permanent horizontal
movement of surface water (the top 100m)
It is unusually cold or hot, when compared with
the surrounding water
2. Caused by and shaped by,
prevailing winds,
variations in temperature
density of water
Coriolis force
Newfoundland Coast
LC brings both cool water & air south from the
Arctic
When this meets the warm Gulf Stream, flowing
north from the equator, fog forms along our
coast
There is a frontal effect created off our coast
contributing both to our precipitation & wet /
foggy weather conditions
Practical Examples
Newfoundland's south
coast has ice-free ports
year-long while its north
coast has heavy ice for
several months.
The difference in latitude
is not enough to explain
this difference in ice.
Can you explain it with
ocean currents?
http://www.cdli.ca/courses/geog3202/unit02_
org03_ilo02/b_activity.html