Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Applications
Read Chapter 10
1. Micropropagation
2. Protoplast fusion
3. Genetic engineering of plants
Using agrobacter (dicot only)
Gene gun/particle gun/shotgun technique
Micropropagation
The plus points
Rapid multiplication
Pathogen removal
Uniform plants (clones)
Germplasm stored, not seeds.
Embryos can be rescued.
Somaclonal variation
Cells from a single plant are taken and grown.
It can give rise to variations.
Protoplast FusionHybrid
Tomato
Pomato
Potato
Potato, tomato, pepper, tobacco plants have been regenerated from protoplasts
Animal Biotechnology
Increase milk quantity and quality
Transgenic cow which produces milk with low
cholesterol for heart patients
Disease resistant animals/cattle
Increase size of animal/goat, pig, chicken for
meat production
Fast growing animal for meat production
Pronucleus
Protein
Animal
Use
Antithrombin
III
Goat
Factor VIII,
Factor IX
Goat, Pig,
Sheep
CFTR
Sheep
Lactoferrin
Cow
Alpha-1antitrypsin
Sheep
Lysostaphin
Cow
Spider silk
protein
Goat
Biopharmaceutical
(biosynthetic human proteins used for therapeutic )
Gene Therapy
Used for the treatment of diseases by the transfer of normal functional
gene in a patients body cells to restore the function of mutant abnormal
gene.
Two types:
1. Germ cell gene therapy
Healthy gene is introduced in the patients germ cells so that can be passed
on to the offsprings
2. Somatic cell gene therapy
Healthy gene is introduced in patients body cells (somatic) lacking it and is
not passed onto the offspring.