BIOFUEL

Biomass

Plants and plant-derived materials.

Converted to energy by:
Thermal
Chemical
Bio-Chemical, Conversions.

Biofuel
Fuel derived from biomass.
Can be in three forms:

Biofuel
Solid

Liquid

Gas

History of Biodiesel fuel

Diesel Engine developed in the 1890s by Rudolph Diesel.
Early experimenters on vegetable oil fuels included the French
government and Dr. Diesel.
Power early diesel engines for agriculture in remote areas of the
world, where petroleum was not available at the time.
After Dr. Diesels death in 1913 petroleum became widely
available in a variety of forms also present diesel fuel
World War II and the oil crises of the 1970s saw brief interest in
using vegetable oils to fuel diesel engines.
Environmental impacts also forced to think.

Biofuel Generation
First Generation:
Biofuels are produced directly from food crops by abstracting
the oils for use in biodiesel or producing bioethanol through
fermentation.
Issue of food Vs. fuel.
Second Generation:
They are produced from non-food crops such as wood, organic
waste, food crop waste and specific biomass crops, therefore
eliminating the main problem with first generation biofuels.
Third Generation:
Specially engineered energy crops such as algae as its energy
source.
Fourth Generation:
Fourth Generation Bio-fuels are aimed at not only producing
sustainable energy but also a way of capturing and storing
CO2.

Evolution of present Biodiesel

New diesel engines cant run on vegetable oil.
Vegetable oil- Viscous nature compared to petroleum
diesel fuel.
Various methods proposed to decrease the viscosity
level.
Transesterification -catalyst blending.
The fuel is made from various feed stocks including
waste vegetable oils and non-edible oils like used
cooking oil and acid oils (a waste from edible oil
manufacturing process)

Jatropha oil seeds

Advantages of Jatropha
It is easy to cultivate jatropha. Jatropha can grow on all the
climatic conditions and soils hence it is cultivated in most of
the places.
It is less expensive to cultivate jatropha and most of the
jatropha seed varieties are available of less cost.
The percentage of yield is high and the extraction of oil is also
maximum.
Jatropha provides higher rate of output than any other crops.
It is very easy to maintain the jatropha plant even at the
seedling stage

Algae to Algae oil

Algae advantages
Green algae used- high lipid( e.g. fatty acids) content.
low-cost, high-energy and entirely renewable
feedstock.
Produce more energy per acre than conventional
crops.
Can also be grown using land and water unsuitable
for food production.
Fuel can be manufactured into a wide range of fuels
such as diesel, petrol and jet fuel.

Steps of Biodiesel formation

STEP 1.
Oil feed stock.
STEP 3.
Alcohol is added to the oil and, in the presence of a catalyst, produces
glycerine and biodiesel.
Glycerine is separated from the biodiesel and may be used later in cosmetic
or pharmaceutical products.
STEP 4.
Alcohol is removed through an evaporation or distillation process and
reused. The biodiesel is further purified, then stored.
STEP 5.
Pure biodiesel formed.

Advantages of Biodiesel
Biodiesel fuel is a renewable energy source.
Creates less pollution, estimated that the use of 1 kg of
biodiesel leads to the reduction of some 3 kg of CO2.
Low sulphur content.
Another of the advantages of biodiesel fuel is that it can also
be blended with other energy resources and oil.
No modification required in existing engine.
The lubricating property of the biodiesel may lengthen the
lifetime of engines.

My Eco Energy
My Eco Energy(MEE) opened
biodiesel retail outlets Pune.
Biodiesel brand Indizel @ of
Rs 64 a liter.
The company has identified three
locations for the manufacturing
units at Kolhapur, Noida and
Visakhapatnam.

Biodiesel
a salvation from the twin evils of high oil
prices and climate change.

References
http://www.ebb-eu.org/biodiesel.php
http://energyfromwasteandwood.weebly.com/generatio
ns-of-biofuels.html
http://www.biodiesel.com/biodiesel/history/
http://
www.aumkiipure.com/advantages-of-jatropha.html
http://www.jatrophaenergyplant.com/sustainable-advan
tages-of-jatropha-jetfuel
/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethanol_fuel

THANK YOU