Vih - Sida

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE
TRUJILLO
FACULTAD DE MEDICINA
DEPARTAMENTO DE SALUD PBLICA
EPIDEMIOLOGA
Estudio clnico epidemiolgico:
VIH CIE10: B20-B23
y SIDA CIE10: B24
Expositor: Paredes Muoz

Palacios Briceo
Caso Clnico
A.-OBJETIVOS DEL
ESTUDIO:
- Describir las caractersticas clnicas de un
caso de VIH/SIDA.
- Describir la epidemiologa de pacientes con
VIH/SIDA.
B.-IDENTIFICACIN
DEL
PACIENTE:
Sexo:
Sexo:
Varn
Varn
Estado
Estado
socioeconmic
socioeconmic
o:
o:
No
No hay
hay
informacin
informacin
disponible
disponible
Edad:
Edad:
57
57
Ocupacin:
Ocupacin:
No
No hay
hay
informacin
informacin
disponible
disponible
Grupo
Grupo tnico:
tnico:
Mestizo
Mestizo
Estado
Estado civil:
civil:
No
No hay
hay
informacin
informacin
disponible
disponible
C.- IDENTIFICACIN DE LA
ENFERMEDAD
Exmenes de la laboratorio clnico y anatomopatolgico:
Radiografa
Evoluci
n
Antecedentes patolgicos relacionados

a la enfermedad
D.-DESCRIPCIN DE LA
FAMILIA:
No hay informacin disponible
E.- DESCRIPCIN DE LOS SERVICIOS

DE SALUD
F.-DESCRIPCIN DE LAS CONDICIONES DEL

AMBIENTE
Fsico:

Biolgico: Paciente de edad avanzada e
inmunodeficiente.
Social: Asume conductas nocivas como
fumar y consumir bebidas alcohlicas.
G.- ENFERMEDAD:
SID
A
es un espectro de enfermedades causadas por la infeccin
con elvirus de la inmunodeficiencia humana(VIH).
Agente
etiolgico
VIH
Perodo de
latencia:
De 3 a 20 aos, media: 8 aos
Sepkowitz KA (June 2001). "AIDSthe first 20 years".N. Engl. J. Med.344(23): 176472.doi:
La
La primera
primera manifestacin
manifestacin es
es
editors, Alexander Krmer, Mirjam Kretzschmar, Klaus Krickeberg, (2010).Modern infectious disease epidemiology
concepts, methods, mathematical models, and public health(Online-Ausg. ed.). New York: Springer. p.88.
editors, Alexander Krmer, Mirjam Kretzschmar, Klaus Krickeberg, (2010).Modern infectious disease epidemiology
concepts, methods, mathematical models, and public health(Online-Ausg. ed.). New York: Springer. p.88.
Poco despus de contraer la

Perodo de infeccin y toda la vida del paciente
transmisibil infectado
idad
Susceptibi
lidad
Todos los
seres
humanos
son
susceptibl
http://www.who.int/whr/2003/chapter3/es/
es
Inmuni
dad
No hay
Letalidad
Cercana al 100%
sin tratamiento
HISTORIA NATURAL
MODO DE
TRANSMISIN
http://image.slidesharecdn.com/conversatoriosobrevihsida-120427160403-phpapp01/95/conversatorio-sobre-vih-
DISCUSIN
EPIDEMIOLGICA
CADENA
EPIDEMIOLGICA
HESPED
SUCEPTIBL
E
Ser humano
PUERTA DE
ENTARDA:
Mucosas,
fluidos y
sangre
TRANSMISIN:
- Contacto
directo
- Objetos
contaminados
AGENTE
VIH
RESERVORIO:
Ser humano
PUERTA DE
SALIDA:
Mucosas, fluidos y
sangre
EPIDEMIOLOGA
FAMILIAR
July 2015
Core Epidemiology Slides
Global summary of the AIDS epidemic

2014
Number of
people living
with HIV
36.9 million [34.3 million 41.4

million]
million]
million]
People newly
Total 2.6 million [2.4 million 2.8
infected
Adults million]
with HIV in 2014 Children (<15 years)
AIDS deaths in
2014
Total
Adults
Women
Children (<15 years)

Total million]
Adults 1.8 million [1.7 million 2.0
Children (<15 years) million]
220 000 [190 000 260 000]
1.2 million [980 000 1.6 million]

150 000 [140 000 170 000]
Global estimates for adults and children 2014
People living with HIV 36.9 million [34.3 million 41.4 million]
New HIV infections in 2014
2.0 million [1.9 million 2.2 million]
Deaths due to AIDS in 2014
Regional HIV and AIDS statistics and features 2014

Adults and
children living
with HIV
Sub-Saharan Africa
25.8 million
Latin America
Adult
prevalence
(1549) [%]
1.4 million
4.8%
[24.0 million 28.7 million] [1.2 million 1.5 million]
[4.5% 5.1%]
Middle East and North Africa

Asia and the Pacific
Adults and
children newly
infected with HIV
Adult & child

deaths due to
AIDS
790 000
[670 000 990 000]
240 000
22 000
0.1%
12 000
[150 000 320 000]
[13 000 33 000]
[<0.1% 0.1%]
[5300 24 000]
5.0 million
340 000
0.2%
240 000
[4.5 million 5.6 million]
[240 000 480 000]
[0.2% 0.2%]
[140 000 570 000]
1.7 million
87 000
0.4%
41 000
[70 000 100 000]
[0.4% 0.5%]
[30 000 82 000]
280 000
13 000
1.1%
[210 000 340 000]
[9600 17 000]
[0.9% 1.3%]
1.5 million
Eastern Europe and Central Asia
140 000
0.9%
62 000
[110 000 160 000]
[0.7% 1.0%]
[34 000 140 000]
Western and Central Europe and

2.4 million
North America
85 000
0.3%
26 000
[48 000 130 000]
[0.2% 0.5%]
[11 000 86 000]
Caribbean
TOTAL
36.9 million
8800
[5700 13 000]
2.0 million
0.8%
1.2 million

[0.7% - 0.9%]
[980 000 1.6 million]
The ranges around the estimates in this table define the boundaries within which the actual numbers lie, based on the
best available information.
Adults and children estimated to be living with HIV

2014
North America and Western and

Central Europe
2.4 million
Eastern Europe
& Central Asia
1.5 million

Middle East & North
Africa
Caribbean
280 000
[210 000 340 000]

Latin America
1.7 million
240 000
[150 000 320 000]

Sub-Saharan Africa
5.0 million
25.8 million
Total: 36.9 million [34.3 million 41.4 million]
Estimated number of adults and children

newly infected with HIV 2014
Eastern Europe
& Central Asia
Central Europe
140 000
[110 000 160 000]
85 000
[48 000 130 000]

Middle East & North
Africa
Caribbean
13 000
[9600 17 000]
Latin America
87 000
[70 000 100 000]
22 000
[13 000 33 000]

Sub-Saharan Africa
1.4 million
340 000
[240 000 480 000]
Estimated adult and child deaths from AIDS 2014
Eastern Europe
& Central Asia
Central Europe
62 000
[34 000 140 000]
26 000
[11 000 86 000]

Middle East & North
Africa
Caribbean
8800
[5700 13 000]
Latin America
41 000
[30 000 82 000]
12 000
[5300 24 000]
Sub-Saharan Africa
240 000
[140 000 570 000]
790 000
[670 000 990 000]
Total: 1.2 million [980 000 1.6 million]
Children (<15 years) estimated to be living with HIV

2014

Central Europe
Eastern Europe
& Central Asia
3300
17 000
[14 000 19 000]

[2200 4700]
Middle East & North
Africa
Caribbean
13 000
[11 000 15 000]

Latin America
33 000
[29 000 40 000]
13 000
[10 000 16 000]

Sub-Saharan Africa
200 000
[180 000 230 000]
2.3 million
Estimated number of children (<15 years)

newly infected with HIV 2014
Eastern Europe
& Central Asia
Central Europe
1200
[<1000 1600]
<500
[<200 <500]
Middle East & North
Africa
Caribbean
<500
[<500 <1000]
Latin America
2000
[1300 2900]
2400
[1800 3300]
Sub-Saharan Africa
21 000
[16 000 27 000]
190 000
[170 000 230 000]
Total: 220 000 [190 000 260 000]
Estimated deaths in children (<15 years) from AIDS

2014

Central Europe
Eastern Europe
& Central Asia
<200
<1000
[<1000 <1000]
[<200 <500]
Middle East & North
Africa
Caribbean
<1000
[<500 <1000]
Latin America
1800
[1300 2500]
1200
[<1000 1600]
Sub-Saharan Africa
13 000
[11 000 16 000]
130 000
[120 000 150 000]
Total: 150 000 [140 000 170 000]
About 5,600 new HIV infections a day in 2014

About 66% are in Sub Saharan Africa
About 600 are in children under 15 years of age
About 5,000 are in adults aged 15 years and older, of
whom:
almost 48% are among women
about 30% are among young people (15-24)
2014 global HIV and AIDS estimates

Children (<15 years)
Children living with HIV
2.6 million [2.4 million 2.8 million]
New HIV infections in 2014
220 000 [190 000 260 000]
Deaths due to AIDS in 2014
150 000 [140 000 170 000]
MORTALIDAD GENERAL Y POR

GRUPOS DE POBLACIN
Los pacientes con un buen control de
la infeccin por VIH tienen el mismo
riesgo de mortalidad que la
poblacin general. As lo asegura una
investigacin, publicada en la
revistaAIDS, que destaca la
importancia de un diagnstico rpido
de la enfermedad y un inicio
temprano del tratamiento
antirretroviral.
Medidas de prevencin individual y colectivo

Prevencin
primaria:
Prevenir la prdida de sentido vital, motivando

para la creacin de redes sociales, ofreciendo
figuras de referencia con hbitos de vida
saludables.
Acercamiento de la informacin a todos los
colectivos de manera adaptada cultural y
lingsticamente.
Educacin para la salud.
Accesibilidad a medidas de prevencin como
preservativos y material de inyeccin.
http://www.who.int/es/
Prevencin
secundaria:
Informacin sobre medidas para evitar la

reinfeccin.
Educacin/promocin en habilidades de
autocuidado: higiene, alimentacin,
descanso, tratamiento.
Apoyo psicosocial para afrontar
adecuadamente la enfermedad.
Buen seguimiento mdico.
Potenciar la adherencia al tratamiento.
Prevencin
Terciaria:
TARGA.
tratamiento de las enfermedades
oportunistas.
apoyo psicosocial.
cuidados paliativos.
DATOS DE IMPORTANCIA:
REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRFICAS
Pedro Jos MA. Deterioro clnico de paciente con VIH secundario a TARGA.
SEMI. Disponible en: https://www.fesemi.org/publicaciones/semi/protocolos
Editors, Alexander Krmer, Mirjam Kretzschmar, Klaus Krickeberg, (2010).
Modern infectious disease epidemiology concepts, methods, mathematical
models, and public health(Online-Ausg. ed.). New York: Springer. p.88.
http://
image.slidesharecdn.com/conversatoriosobrevihsida-120427160403-phpapp01
/95/conversatorio-sobre-vih-sida-18-728.jpg?cb=1335542794
http://www.who.int/whr/2003/chapter3/es /
Wilhelm Kirch (2008).Encyclopedia of public health . New York: Springer.
pp.676677.ISBN9781402056130 .
Markowitz, edited by William N. Rom; associate editor, Steven B. (2007).
Environmental and occupational medicine(4th ed.). Philadelphia: Wolters
Kluwer/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p.745.ISBN978-0-7817-6299-1 .
"HIV and Its Transmission" .Centers for Disease Control and Prevention . 2003.
Archived fromthe originalon February 4, 2005. RetrievedMay 23,2006.
"Antiretroviral treatment as prevention (TASP) of HIV and TB" .who.int. June
2012. Retrieved4 April2015.
http://www.dge.gob.pe/portal/index.php?
option=com_content&view=article&id=418&Itemid=104

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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE

Expositor: Paredes Muoz

Exmenes de la laboratorio clnico y anatomopatolgico:

Antecedentes patolgicos relacionados

No hay informacin disponible

E.- DESCRIPCIN DE LOS SERVICIOS

F.-DESCRIPCIN DE LAS CONDICIONES DEL

No hay informacin disponible

Sepkowitz KA (June 2001). "AIDSthe first 20 years".N. Engl. J. Med.344(23): 176472.doi:

Poco despus de contraer la

No hay informacin disponible

Global summary of the AIDS epidemic

36.9 million [34.3 million 41.4

2.0 million [1.9 million 2.2

1.2 million [980 000 1.6 million]

Global estimates for adults and children 2014

2.0 million [1.9 million 2.2 million]

Deaths due to AIDS in 2014

1.2 million [980 000 1.6 million]

Regional HIV and AIDS statistics and features 2014

[24.0 million 28.7 million] [1.2 million 1.5 million]

Middle East and North Africa

Adult & child

[150 000 320 000]

[13 000 33 000]

[4.5 million 5.6 million]

[240 000 480 000]

[140 000 570 000]

[1.4 million 2.0 million]

[70 000 100 000]

[30 000 82 000]

[210 000 340 000]

[110 000 160 000]

[34 000 140 000]

Western and Central Europe and

[48 000 130 000]

[11 000 86 000]

[34.3 million 41.4 million]

[980 000 1.6 million]

Adults and children estimated to be living with HIV

North America and Western and

[1.3 million 1.8 million]

[1.5 million 3.5 million]

[210 000 340 000]

[1.4 million 2.0 million]

[150 000 320 000]

Asia and the Pacific

[4.5 million 5.6 million]

[24.0 million 28.7 million]

Total: 36.9 million [34.3 million 41.4 million]

Estimated number of adults and children

[110 000 160 000]

[48 000 130 000]

[70 000 100 000]

[13 000 33 000]

Asia and the Pacific

[240 000 480 000]

[1.2 million 1.5 million]

Total: 2.0 million [1.9 million 2.2 million]

Estimated adult and child deaths from AIDS 2014

[34 000 140 000]

[11 000 86 000]

[30 000 82 000]