2-1: Graphing Linear Relations

and Functions
Objectives:
Understand, draw, and determine if a
relation is a function.
Graph & write linear equations,
determine domain and range.
Understand and calculate slope.

Relations & Functions

Relation: a set of ordered pairs
Domain: the set of x-coordinates
Range: the set of y-coordinates
When writing the domain and range, do not
repeat values.

Relations and Functions

Given the relation:
{(2, -6), (1, 4), (2, 4), (0,0), (1, -6), (3, 0)}

State the domain:

D: {0,1, 2, 3}

State the range:

R: {-6, 0, 4}

Relations and Functions

Relations can be written in several

ways: ordered pairs, table, graph, or

mapping.
We have already seen relations

represented as ordered pairs.

Table
{(3, 4), (7, 2), (0, -1),
(-2, 2), (-5, 0), (3, 3)}

Mapping
Create two ovals with the domain on

the left and the range on the right.

Elements are not repeated.
Connect elements of the domain with
the corresponding elements in the
range by drawing an arrow.

Mapping
{(2, -6), (1, 4), (2, 4), (0, 0), (1, -6), (3, 0)}
2
1
0
3

6
4
0

Functions
A function is a relation in which the

members of the domain (x-values)

DO NOT repeat.
So, for every x-value there is only
one y-value that corresponds to it.
y-values can be repeated.

Functions
Discrete functions consist of points

that are not connected.

Continuous functions can be
graphed with a line or smooth
curve and contain an infinite
number of points.

Do the ordered pairs represent a

function?
{(3, 4), (7, 2), (0, -1), (-2, 2), (-5, 0), (3, 3)}

No, 3 is repeated in the domain.

{(4, 1), (5, 2), (8, 2), (9, 8)}

Yes, no x-coordinate is repeated.

Graphs of a Function
Vertical Line Test:

If a vertical line is passed over

the graph and it intersects the
graph in exactly one point, the
graph represents a function.

Does the graph represent a function?

Name the domain and range.
x

Yes
D: all reals
R: all reals

Yes
D: all reals
R: y -6

Does the graph represent a function?

Name the domain and range.
x

No
D: x 1/2
R: all reals

No
D: all reals
R: all reals

Does the graph represent a function?

Name the domain and range.
x

Yes
D: all reals
R: y -6

No
D: x = 2
R: all reals

Function Notation
When we know that a relation is a

function, the y in the equation can

be replaced with f(x).
f(x) is simply a notation to designate a
function. It is pronounced f of x.
The f names the function, the x tells
the variable that is being used.

Value of a Function
Since the equation y = x - 2
represents a function, we can also
write it as f(x) = x - 2.
Find f(4):
f(4) = 4 - 2
f(4) = 2

Value of a Function
If g(s) = 2s + 3, find g(-2).
g(-2) = 2(-2) + 3
=-4 + 3
= -1
g(-2) = -1

Value of a Function
If h(x) = x2 - x + 7, find h(2c).
h(2c) = (2c)2 (2c) + 7
= 4c2 - 2c + 7

Value of a Function
If f(k) = k2 - 3, find f(a - 1)
f(a - 1)=(a - 1)2 - 3
(Remember FOIL?!)
=(a-1)(a-1) - 3
= a2 - a - a + 1 - 3
= a2 - 2a - 2