P IO N EER

S
B y R A JLA X M I,
R A H U L JH A , R A H U L,
N A V EEN , D A N IS H ,
A N U B H AV

14 Principles of
Management by Henri
Henri Fayol wasFayol
a French mining
engineer.
He was born in Istanbul in 1841 and
passed away in Paris in 1925.
Later he turned out to be a leading
industrial and successful manager.
He wrote a monograph in French in
1916 titled General and Industrial
Administration.
He is considered as the Father of

He presented 14 principles of
management as general guides to the
management process and management
practice. They are as follows:-

Division of Work
Work should be divided among
individuals and groups.
It produces more and better work with
the same effort.
Fayol said that work specialization is
the best way to use the human
resources of the organisation.

Authority and Responsibility

Authority is the right to give orders and
the power to exact obedience.
A manager may exercise formal
authority and also personal power.
Formal authority is derived from his
official position and personal power is
the result of intelligence, experience,
moral worth, ability to lead, etc.
Responsibility is closely related to
authority and it arises wherever
authority is exercised. Whoever
assumes authority also assumes

Discipline
Discipline means obedience to
authority, observance of the rules and
norms of performance, respect for
agreements, sincere efforts for
completing the given job, respect for
the superiors and the organization, etc.
The best means of maintaining
discipline are good supervisors at all
levels, clear and fair agreements
between the employees and the
employer, and judicious application of
penalties.

Unity of Command
Each employee should receive
instructions about a particular work
from one superior only.
If there were to be more than one
superiors, the employee would be
confused due to conflict in instructions.

Unity of Direction
The entire organization should be
moving towards a common objective in
a common direction.
There should be complete identity
between individual and organizational

Subordination of Individual
Interest to General Interest
An individual is always interested in
maximizing his own satisfaction through
more money, recognition, status, etc. It is
very often against the general interest of
the organisation.
The interests of an individual should not
take priority over the interests of the
organization as a whole.

Remuneration
Employees should receive fair payment
for their services.

It should be based on general business

conditions, cost of living, productivity of the
concerned employees, and the capacity of
the firm to pay.
Fair remuneration increases workers
efficiency and boost their morale.
It also plays a vital role in making the
relations of the employees and the
management better.

Centralization
Centralization means lowering the role
and importance of the subordinates,
and decentralization means increasing
it.

The degree of centralization or

decentralization of authority is decided by
the management.
It is decided on the basis of the nature of the
circumstances, size of the organization, the
type of activities and the nature of the
organizational structure.

Scalar Chain
It means the hierarchy of authority from the
highest executive to the lowest one for the
purpose of communication.
The information should pass through proper
channels of authority along the scalar chain.

But in case of emergency when swift action

is required, proper channels of authority
may be short-circuited by making direct
contact with the concerned authority.

Order
There should be an orderliness in work
through suitable organization of men and
materials.
The principle of right place for everything
and for every man should be observed by
the management.
For this, there is need for scientific selection
of competent personnel, and correct
assignment of duties to personnel.

Equity
Management should treat all its
employees as equally as possible.
Managers should be free from all
prejudices, personal likes or dislikes.
It ensures healthy industrial relations
between management and labour.

Stability of Tenure of Personnel

Workers should be assured of the
security of job by the management.
This is important to motivate them and
extract better work from them.

If they fear for job security, their morale will

be low and they cannot give efficient work.
Also, they will not have any sense of
attachment to the organization and they will
always be on the lookout for a job elsewhere.

Initiative
Initiative is one of the most important
satisfactions for an intelligent man to
experience.
Managers are advised to give their employees
sufficient scope to show their initiative.
Employees should be encouraged to make all
kinds of suggestions to conceive and carry out
their plans, even when some mistakes result.

Esprit de Corps
This term means team spirit.
Harmony and unity among the
employees is a great source of strength
to the organization.
To achieve this, the motto of divide and
rule should be avoided. And, verbal
communication should be used for
removing misunderstandings, since
differences grow more bitter when
cleared through written communication.

REFERENCES
Wikipedia
managementinnovations.wordpres
s.com
Principles of Management, 2nd
edition By
P. C. Tripathi and P. N. Reddy