HEALTH AND ILLNESS

HEALTH
WHO:
 complete state of physical, mental
and social well-being and not
merely the absence of a disease
IS THE CONCEPT OF
ILLNESS
SYNONYMOUS TO
DISEASE?
ILLNESS
 Highly personal state in which the person feels
unhealthy or ill; highly subjective
 state in which a person’s physical, emotional,
intellectual, social, developmental or spiritual
functioning is diminished or impaired compared with
previous experience

DISEASE
 alteration in body functions resulting in reduction of
capacities or a shortening of normal lifespan

* ILLNESS is not synonymous with DISEASE

Physical
 ability to carry out daily tasks
Occupational
 balance between work and leisure
Social
 interact successfully w/ people and environment
Spiritual
 belief in some force
Intellectual
 ability to learn and use information effectively
Emotional
 manage stress & emotions appropriately
Environmental
 ability to improve standard of living and quality of life
1. Pre-contemplation
= problem denial
= doesn’t intend to change in next 6 months
2. Contemplation
= problem acknowledgement
= considers changing of behavior.
= intends to change in next 6 months
3. Preparation
= specific plans to accomplish the change
in the near future (next month)
4. Action
= active implementation of change

5. Maintenance
= Integration of new behavior into
lifestyle

6. Termination
= completion of change
= relapse may happen in any stage
1. Symptom Experience
= physical: cough; interpretation: lung disease
= emotional: fear
2. Assumption of the sick role
= may be excused from duties and role expectations.
3. Medical Care Contact
= people sick advice of health professionals.
4. Dependent Client Role
= accepts dependence on doctors although
situational control varies.
5. Recovery or Rehabilitation
= resume former roles and responsibilities.
HEALTH AND
WELLNESS
 Which of the following statements reflect the
CONTEMPLATION stage of behavior change?
A. “I currently do not exercise 30 minutes three times a
week and do not intend to start in the next six months.”

B. “I have tried several times to exercise 30 minutes three

times a week but am seriously thinking of trying again
in the next month

C. “I currently do not exercise 30 minutes three times a

week, but I am thinking about starting to do so in the next six
weeks.”

D. “I have exercised 30 minutes three times a week

regularly for more than six months.”
The nurse is counseling a client who has high blood
pressure about the need to stop smoking. The client
indicates that family and friends are also urging him
to stop. He states he doesn’t want to quit but may
try because of the pressure from family. The nurse
would characterize this client as being in which of
the following stages of change?
A.Planning c. Precontemplation
B.Action d. Contemplation
Which of the following examples is an example of the
emotional component of wellness?
A. The client chooses health foods
B. A new father decides to take parenting
classes
C. A client expresses frustration with her
partner’s substance abuse
D. A widow with no family decides to join a
bowling league
 Which of the following individuals appears
to have taken on the sick role?
A. An obese client states “I deserve to
have a heart attack.”
B. A mother is ill and says “I won’t be able
to make your lunch today.”
C. A man with low back pain misses
several physical therapy appointments.”
D. An elder states, “My horoscope says I
will be well again.”
1. Performing monthly BSE among women 20
years old and above
2. Daily walking exercise among office workers
3. Teaching a post – stroke client on checking
temperature of water for bathing
4. Eating a well – balanced diet
5. Compliance with recommended immunizations
on time
6. Teaching a client with hypertension on low salt,
low fat diet