JET ,JET ENGINE ITS TYPES AND

APPLICATIONS
Presented by:A.R GOLO
09ME59 QUEST
NAWABSHAH SINDH

Contents
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

What is jet?
History of jet engines
introduction
Parts of jet engine
How jet engine works
Types Of Jet Engine
6.1 Ramjet
6.2 Turbojet
6.3 Turbofan
6.4 Turboprop
6.5 Turboshaft

Continued . . .
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.

Comparison Of Turbojets
Jet Engine Vs Rockets
Merits And Demerits
Jet Engine applications
Conclusion

1.What is JET?
A rapid stream of liquid or gas forced
out of a small opening or nozzle.

2.History Of Jet Engines

The first jet engine was built by

Egyptian scientists during 100
B.C

These device
Aeolipile.

was

know

as

Dr. Hans von Ohain and Sir Frank

Whittle
were
the
main
developers.

3.Introduction

Jet engine is nothing but a Gas turbine.

It works under the principle of Newtons third law

It states that For every acting force there is an

equal and opposite force.

Gas turbine operates like toy balloon

3.Parts Of Jet Engine

FAN
COMPRESSOR
COMBUSTOR
TURBINE
MIXER
NOZZLE

4.HOW JE ENGINE WORKS

All jet engines, which are also called gas turbines, work
on the same principle. The engine sucks air in at the
front with a fan. A compressor raises the pressure of the
air. The compressor is made up of fans with many
blades and attached to a shaft. The blades compress
the air. The compressed air is then sprayed with fuel
and an electric spark lights the mixture. The burning
gases expand and blast out through the nozzle, at the
back of the engine. As the jets of gas shoot backward,
the engine and the aircraft are thrust forward.

CONT. . . . . .

Jet engines move the airplane forward with a great

force that is produced by a tremendous thrust and
causes the plane to fly very fast.

5. Types Of Jet Engines

Ramjet
Turbojet
Turbofan
Turboprop
Turbo shaft

6.1 Ramjet
It has no moving parts.
Its compression ratio depends
forward speed.

on

It has no static thrust

guided-missile systems,
vehicles use this type of jet

Space

6.2 Turbojet

The turbojet engine is a reaction

engine.
Substantial increases in thrust can
be obtained by employing an
afterburner
Turbo jets used in cruise missiles

6.3 Turbofan
The objective of this sort of bypass
system is to increase thrust without
increasing fuel consumption.
It achieves this by increasing the
total air-mass flow and reducing the
velocity within the same total
energy supply.

6.4 Turboprop

A turboprop engine is a jet

engine attached to a propeller.
.
Modern turboprop engines are
equipped with propellers that
have a smaller diameter but a
larger number of blades . . .
Generally used in power plants

6.5 Turboshaft

It does not drive a propeller.

it provides power for a helicopter

rotor.

It permits the rotor speed to be

kept constant even when the speed
of the generator is varied

7. Comparison With
Turbojets
Turbojet

Ramjets

No compressor, turbine
Light in weight
Mach no 2 to 5

Has got compressor, turbine

Heavy
Mach no. < 2
Starts with zero initial velocity

8. Jet Engines Vs Rockets

Jet Engine

Rockets

Oxygen from atmosphere for

combustion

Carry their own oxygen for

combustion

Work only in atmosphere

Work in vacuum and atmosphere

Liquid fuel

liquid or solid fuel

High Specific Impulse

Low Specific Impulse

Complex Structure

Simple Structure

9. Merits And Demerits

Merits of Jet engine over
IC engine

Mechanical efficiency
of jet engine is high as
compared to IC engine.

Demerits Of Jet Engines

Over IC engine
Thermal efficiency of Jet engine is low
compared to IC engine
Difficult to start

Weight and speed of jet

engine per HP developed
is higher than IC engine.
Ignition and lubricating
systems
are
much
simpler in jet engine
than IC engine.

Turbine blades need a special cooling

system due high temperature

11. Jet Engine applications

The
industry
theyre
most
prominent in is in the transport
industry, where they are used to
propel aircraft, boats, and in
some one of creations such as a
turbojet powered truck.

The first use of the jet engine

was to power military aircraft.

The Bell P-59A Airacomet was

also
developed
by
the
Americans. They had a massive
advantage over propeller driven
planes, in that they were much
faster

The
General
electric
company
used
a
turboprop jet engine to
run an electric generator.

The jet engine is not only

used on aircraft but on
boats, where water jets are
used to propel the boat
forward..

12.Conclusion
Normal type of jet engine is used for domestic purpose i.e.
Traveling, carrying goods etc.
Ram and scram type of jet engines used in only in Defence
sector. Because it travels at supersonic speed and
generally high level of training is required.
Since it travels at such a speed it is can not used for
traveling.
So that common type of jet engines are very common in
use.

Thank You