STRESS MANAGEMENT

EVELYN C. AVILA, RPAE

Discussant

What is Stress?

is a general term applied to the pressures

people feel in life
can lead to physical disorder

Typical Negative Symptoms

Physiological:
Ulcers
Digestive problems
Headaches
High blood pressure
Sleep disruption

S
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Psychological:
Emotional instability
Moodiness
Nervousness & tension
Chronic worry
Depression
Burn out
Behavioral:
Excessive smoking
Abuse of alcohol or drugs
Absenteeism
Aggression
Safety problems
Performance problems

Organizational Liability
an organization can be held legally liable for
emotional and physical impact of job stress on
its employees.
if liability is established, employees could
claim benefits under workers' compensation
laws, as well as sue for financial damages.

3 Phases of Stress
ALARM - "fight or flight"
RESISTANCE - adaptation
EXHAUSTION - burn out

Extreme Products of Stress

Burnout - a situation in which employees are
emotionally exhausted, develop cynicism
about their work, and feel unable to
accomplish their professional goals.
- workaholics
Symptoms & Effects of Burnout
1. more likely to complain
2. attribute their errors to others
3. magnify their dominant traits
4. highly irritable

5 Major Approaches
Listening - providing attention and consideration
Caring - providing support and time for healing
Buffering pain - building relationships and
displaying personal courage
Facilitating escape - helping people extricate
themselves from paiful situations
Transforming pain - using coaching to frame
the pain in constructive ways.

Extreme Products of Stress

Trauma - occurs following a major threat to
one's security
3 Types of Trauma
1. Workplace trauma
2. Lay-off survivor's sickness
3. Post-traumatic stress disorder

Workplace Trauma
this is the disintegration of employees' selfconcepts and beliefs in their capabilities
common source is the sudden job loss with its
potentially crushing effect on one's selfesteem

Lay-off Survivor's Sickness

also known as post lay-off survivor disorder
with feelings of uncertainty/insecurity, anger,
guilt and distrust
simultaneously relieved and glad to have a
job, guilty that their workmates were
displaced----sometimes without apparent
reason-----, and even envious.

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder

being a witness or a victim of violence
often both a product of stress and the source
of enormous stress on others.
any person who witnesses violence, receives
injury from it, or lives under the fear of
repeated future violence may suffer from this
disorder

Typical Causes of Stress on the Job

Work overload
Time pressures
Poor quality of supervision
Insecure job climate
Lack of personal control
Inadequate authority to match responsibilities
Role conflict and ambiguity
Differences between company and employee values
Change of any type, especially when it is major or
unusual
Frustration
Technology with inadequate training or support

Frustration
another cause of stress
a result of a motivation (drive) being blocked
to prevent one from reaching a desired goal.
Types of Reactions to Frustration
1. Aggression
2. Apathy
3. Withdrawal
4. Regression
5. Fixation

Stress Vulnerability
Stress Threshold
an internal factor of the level of stressors
(frequency and magnitude) that the person
can tolerate before negative feelings of stress
occur adversely affect performance.
Perceived Control
the second internal factor affecting employee
stress over their work and working condition.

Stress Vulnerability
Type A People
Aggressive and competitive, set high
standards, are impatient with themselves and
others, and thrive under constant time
pressures.
They
make
excessive
demands
on
themselves even on recreation and leisure.
They often fail to realize that many of the
pressures they feel are of their own making
rather thsn products of their environment.
They are more prone to physical ailments.

Stress Vulnerability
Type B People
appear more re;axed and easygoing
They accept situations and work within them
rather than fight them competitively.
they are especially relaxed regarding time
pressures so they are less prone to have
problems associated with stress.
They can be highly productive workers who
meet shedule expectations; who simply obtain
results in a different manner.

Approaches to Stress Management

Prevent
- Redesigning of jobs
- empower employees through participation
Escape
- Requesting job transfers
- early retirement
Cope
- personal prescriptions
- relaxation
- personal wellness programs

Thank
you!!!!!!!

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