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400BC
Democritus
400BC ish
Indivisible, Solid Sphere Model
Developed by Democritus. He
said all matter is composed of
indivisible tiny things made up
into small not being able to be
seen by the eye structures.
384-322BC
Aristotle and fellow Greeks
http://img.tfd.com/authors/aristotle.jpg
500BC-1720
Alchemists
Now, they wanted to live forever, so they started
out with trying to make a potion that could make
them live forever. They didnt succeed, but they
did make many experiments, and the scientific
method. They also kept careful records.
1777
Antoine Lavoisier
http://www.seilnacht.com/Lexikon/lavoisi.JPG
1780
Charles Augustin de Coulomb
http://www.bhak-bludenz.ac.at/physik/geschichte/physiker/bilder/coulomb.jpg
1803
John Dalton
http://redescolar.ilce.edu.mx/redescolar/efemerides/septiembre2001/interna/dalton.gif
1879
Sir William Crookes
1896
Becquerel
1895
W.K. Roentgen
http://hi.fi.tripod.com/timeline/images/wilhelm_rontgen.jpg
1897
J.J. Thomson
http://www.phy.cam.ac.uk/cavendish/history/electron/jj_c1890.jpg
1897
Plum Pudding Model
Discovered by J.J. Thomson. He said
the atom was a sphere of positive
electricity, with negative particles
throughout. This came around right after
he discovered the electron.
1898
Marie & Pierre Curie
1900
Max Planck
1905
Albert Einstein
First, he found that nature and matter intertwine somehow, the theory
of measurement came about from this. Second, he publish 5 papers
on electrons. These contributed to the quantum mechanics. He said,
light consists of quanta, bundles of energy which behave somewhat
like particles. ~Albert Einstein
http://www.crystalinks.com/einstein.html
http://www.lucidcafe.com/library/96mar/96margifs/einstein.gif
1908
Robert Millikan
1908
Hans Geiger
1911
Ernest Rutherford
He ionized gas using radiation, and found alpha and beta waves. He
used his research and the magnetic properties of iron to find radio
waves. He also discovered the atomic nucleus using others
research and findings. To find this he did the Rutherford experiment.
Briefly, he used a thin foil made of gold metal to find positive and
negative charges in an atom.
http://www.newgenevacenter.org/portrait/rutherford.jpg
1913
Niels Bohr
1913
The Bohr Model
Niels Bohr discovered this atom.
It shows a positively charged
nucleus surrounded by electrons.
This was mostly to explain the
Rydberg formula. The Bohr
model is a hydrogen model. It
helps with the learning of the
quantum theory.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bohr_model
1920s
Electron Cloud Model
Discovered by Erwin Schrdinger and
Werner Heisenberg. They said an atom
consists of a dense nucleus and many
proton and neutrons and is surrounded
by electrons, but they all have different
energy levels, and different charges.
1922
Planetary or Solar System Model
Both Rutherford and Bohr
contributed into this model.
Rutherford said the atom is
mostly empty space with a
nucleus that has a positive
charge surrounded by negative
electrons. Then Bohr said they
circulate the atom.
1926
Erwin Schrdinger
1932
James Chadwick
1938
Otto Hahn & Lise Meitner
While working in a lab, Otto Hahn discovered radiothorium, and then later
discovered 5 more elements. He also discovered radioactive recoil. Lise
Meitner was he partner when they discovered the isotope of protactinium.
His biggest discovery was barium as a fission element. He combined results
with Otto Frisch and they came up with nuclear fission. He was testing
uranium and how it busted into lighter elements. Lise always studied
radioactivity. She, herself, discovered the auger effect.
http://cdl.niedersachsen.de/blob/images/C2710720_L20.jpg
http://www.atomicmuseum.com/tour/photos/te-lm.jpg
1951
Glenn T. Seaborg
1964
Murray Gell-Mann & George Zweig
Murray Gell- Mann was an American physicist who received a Nobel Prize for his theory
on elementary particles. He also found that all the elements of an atom are held together
by quarks. To find this, he blasted high speed electrons into a hydrogen atom.
George Zweig proposed the existence of quarks. He thought of them as aces, because
he guessed there were four quarks in every atom.
Now, in the same year, both these guys proposed the idea of quarks. They tested
electrical charges, and that how the numbers for quarks came about.
http://www.profes.net/rep_imagenes/Monograf/NF1990a.jpg
http://panda.unm.edu/images/people/faculty/gell_mann_murray.jpg
Bibliography
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonie_Lavoisier
http://library.thinkquest.org/10170/voca/coulombb.htm
http://scienceworld.wolfrom.com/biograhpy/Dalton.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Crookes
www.atomicmuseum.com/tour/atomicage.cfm
www.phy.hr/~dpaar/fizicari/xcurie.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.J._Thomson
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murray_Gell-Mann#Prizes
http://scienceworld.wolfram.com/biography/Gell-Mann.html
http://www.geocities.com/omegaman_uk/gellmann.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Zweig
http://pdg.web.cern.ch/pdg/cpep/history/smt.html
http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9066466/Glenn-T-Seaborg
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otto_Hahn
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lise_Meitner
http://www.childrenofthemanhattanproject.org/HF/Biographies%20-%20Men/chadwick.htm
http://homepage.mac.com/tatara/nadesicops/nd_s_schrodinger.html
http://library.thinkquest.org/15567/bio/schrodinger.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niels_Bohr#Middle_years
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bohr_model
http://webpub.alleg.edu/employee/g/grodgers/ScientificTravelingWebsite/Rutherford.html
http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/optics/timeline/people/rutherford.html
http://chem.ch.huji.ac.il/~eugeniik/history/millikan.html
http://www.crystalinks.com/einstein.html
http://home1.gte.net/vze3h8h7/id43.html
http://periodictable.com/pages/AAE_Democritus.html
http://www.fsmitha.com/h1/ch10.htm
http://www.geocities.com/bioelectrochemistry/coulomb.htm
http://antoine.frostburg.edu/chem/senese/101/atoms/dalton.shtml
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Crookes
http://www.lbl.gov/abc/wallchart/chapters/02/1.html
http://www.neoam.cc.ok.us/~rjones/Pages/online1014/chemistry/chapter_8/pages/histo
ry_of_atom.html#becquerel-curie%20anchor
http://www.expage.com/atomproject
http://www.akisrx.com/inglese/htm/roentgen.htm
http://searchsmb.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid44_gci332247,00.html
www.watertown.k12.wi.us/4s/staff/buescher/atom/time.asp
www.angelfire.com/mb2/atoms
http://hi.fi.tripod.com/timeline
http://www.csmate.colostate.edu/cltw/cohortpages/viney/atomhistory.html