Aplikasi Pati Untuk Industri

Carbohydrate
Consumption in Indonesia
Industry; 2%

Feed; 11%
Others; 9%

Food; 78%

Carbohydrate Source
for Food in Indonesia
Wheat; 8%

Cassava; 20%

Rice; 57%
Corn; 9%
Sweet Potato; 4%
Others; 2%

Indonesia
Produksi
Produksi
Produksi
Produksi

ubi kayu:
beras
:
jagung :
ubi jalar :

23.824.008,00
71.291.494,00
18.506.287,00
18.506.287,00

ton
ton
ton
ton

World Cassava Production 2012

Indonesia; 9%
Congo; 5%
Thailand; 10%
Others; 50%
Nigeria; 18%
Brazil; 8%

Thailand:

3rd cassava producing country

2nd in Asia
Non-direct consumption

World Cassava Products Export 2012

Indonesia; 2%

China; 1%
Others; 7%
Vietnam; 10%

Thailand; 80%

Thailand:
1st World Cassava Exporter!

Indonesia importir terbesar tepung dan pati

singkong di dunia tahun 2012.

2008

2012

Indonesia; 12%

Others; 17%
Indonesia; 28%

Others; 30%
China; 18%

Japan; 8%

Taiwan; 11%
Japan; 13%

Malaysia; 10%

Taiwan; 17%

Malaysia; 11%

China; 25%

Export market of Thailand;

Native Starch

2008

2012

Indonesia; 9%

Indonesia; 12%
China; 24%

Others; 30%

Netherland; 5%
United States; 4%

China; 18%

Others; 25%
Japan; 13%

Malaysia; 10%

Taiwan; 17%

Japan; 33%

Export market of Thailand;

Modified Starch

Industrial Uses of Starch

Sumber-sumber Pati

Kentang
Tapioka
Sagu
Beras
Jagung
Gandum
Kacang Tanah, dsb.

Pati Alami
Pati
Modifikasi

Mengapa Pati Termodifikasi?

Kekurangan Pati Alami dalam Aplikasi

Pangan
Viskositas dan kemampuan
membentuk gel yang tidak seragam
Tidak tahan pada pemanasan suhu
tinggi
Tidak tahan pada kondisi asam
Tidak tahan proses mekanis
Gel pati alami mudah mengalami
sineresis akibat terjadinya
retrogradasi pati

Teknik-teknik modifikasi pati

Metode Fisik
Metode Kimia

Teknik Modifikasi, Tujuan, dan Contoh Aplikasi

Pati di Industri Pangan
Teknik
Modifikasi

Tujuan Utama

Aplikasi

Pre-Gelatinisasi

Menghasilkan pati yang dapat

terdispersi dalam air dingin
(bersifat instan)

Makanan bayi, food

powder, salad dressing,
cakes mix, pudding

Ikatan Silang
(crosslinking)

Menghasilakn pati dengan

viskositas yang stabil terhadap
suhu tinggi, proses pengadukan,
dan kondisi asam

Soun, makanan kaleng

yang diproses pada
suhu tinggi, pie filling,
soup

Substitusi Gugus Menghasilkan pati yang tidak

Hidroksil dari
mudah mengalami retrogradasi
Pati
serta mampu memperbaiki
stabilitas viskositas

Produk yang dibekukan

Hidrolisis
dengan Asam

Menghasilkan pati dengan

viskositas yang rendah

Confectionery products
(permen)

Kombinasi
Substitusi dan
Ikatan Silang

Menghasilkan pati yang tahan

panas, pengadukan, dan asam
serta kecenderungan
retrogradasi yang rendah

Saus, makanan beku

Carboxymethyl Starch
(CMS)
An important modified starch with unique
properties due to the presence of negatively
charged functional group (CH2COO-).
The introduction of carboxymethyl groups
interrups the ordered structure of native
starch and intervenes with the re-association
of gelatinized starch.
This modification yields starch with decreased
gelatinization temperature, increased
solubility, and improve storage stability.

Some example of CMS applications are:

Oil field: used for fluid-loss in drilling mud, drill-in,
completion and workover fluids.
Textile industry: is ready to replace traditional
alginate with about half of the cost.
Construction: can be used for water preserving in
concrete paste and color paste, as adhesive in
concrete, sand, and in adhesive layer for wallpaper
instalation.
Pharmaceutical: may replace carboxymethyl
cellulose (CMC) as disintegrant in solid oral dosage
manufacturing.
Food: used in such food varieties as jelly, juice, ice
cream, canned food, yoghurt, butter, bread, noodle
for fresh preserverance, etc.
Other industries: may be used in consumer

Starch Acetate (SA)

Starch acetate films are tougher and stronger than
ethylcellulose (EC) films at the same plasticizer
concentration. Also, in most cases, the water vapor
permeability of SA films was lower than EC films. DSC
thermograms supported the findings of the tensile test:
Plasticizers with several small ester groups (e.g. Triacetin
and triethyl citrate) were the most compatible with SA.
Due to the good mechanical properties, low water vapor,
and drug permeabilities of the films, SA seems to be a
promising film-former for pharmaceutical coatings. The
toughness of SA films may result from their dense film
structure, which is due to strong interaction forces
between adjacent SA molecular chain.

Starch Phospate
Prepared by treating starch with
phosporic acid
Stable against heat and acids
Application: frozen food, pudding,
and dessert, sauces, mayonnaise,
instant products, dressing

Thermoplastic Starch (TPS)

Constituting about 80% of the bioplastic market,
thermoplastic starch currently represents the
most important and widely used bioplastic
Flexibiliser and plasticiser such as sorbitol and
glycerine are added so that starch can also be
processed thermo-plastically
By varying the amounts of these additives, the
characteristics of the materials can be tailored
to spesific needs
Raw material: corn, wheat, potatoes, tapioca,
beans, etc.

Starch Blends
TPS has been widely used with other polymers
A great number of patents have been published on this
topic
Most of researchers are focused on the blending of TPS
with biodegradable polyesters: polycaprolactone (PCL),
polyesteramide (PEA), polyhydroxy butyrate co-hydroxy
valerate (PHBV), polybutylene succinate-adipate (PBSA),
polybutylene adipate co-terephtalate (PBAT), polylactic
acid (PLA), or polyhydroxy ester ether (PHEE)
These polymers commercially available show some
interesting and reproducible properties such as a more
hydrophobic character, a lower water permeability, and
some improved mechanical properties.

Commercially available starch and

blends
Trade Name

Supplier

Origin

Starpol

Stanelco/Biotec/Adept Germany

Mater-bi

Novamont

Italy

Cereplast

Cereplast, Inc

USA

PSM

Teinnovations, Inc

USA

Biopar

Biopolymer
Technologies

Germany

Evercorn

Evercorn

Japan

Plantic

Plantic

Australia

PAPER AND BOARD STARCH

PRODUCTS

In paper bags, tissues and packaging paper,

corrugating board, and stationary
For wet-end addition, size-press and surface
coating to improve the quality
Starch improve the printability and writing
properties of paper (typically printing and writing
paper contain 4.1% starch, paper board 2% starch
and domestic, industrial paper 1.9% starch
The growing use of recycled paper requires more
and more starch quantities to avoid deterioration
of the quality of fibres during recycling

PHARMACEUTICALS AND COSMETICS

Starch are a source for use in pharmaceuticals and
make a variety of contributions - from binder to
sugarless sweetener to products as disparate as
toothpaste, tablets, emulsions, lotions, liquid
medicines and creams. Human well-being and,
indeed, survival are also dependent on the role
starch plays in the production of antibiotics,
vitamins, penicillin, dialysis solution, enteral
nutrition, drip-feed systems, and even blood olasma
substitues. Starch is also used quiet extensively in
cosmetic, make up, and healthcare products.

TEXTILES

To increase mechanical strength and

resistance to friction wear and helps
resist moisture penetration
As a stabilizer and filler for colored inks
when fabrics are overprinted
The detergent industry uses starch
products for the production of
biodegradable, non-toxic, and skin
friendly detergents

AQUAFEED

As a replacement for fish meals. Starch

products are commonly used for their
nutritive value, particularly as a source of
proteins and carbohydrates or for their
vitamin content. They are particularly
suitable for feed intended for young fish.
Starch and starch derivatives are used as
processing aids, as a binding agent, as a
thickener to stabilize the viscosity of the
feed, etc.

ANIMAL FEED
The starch co-products are a natural
source of very disgestible protein. Other
starch derivatives are used to help the
digestibility of the animal feed, while
some contribute to the protection of the
animals liver function. Due to their
nutritive value, starch products also
make an ideal milk substitute for calves.

PET FOOD
The high protein content of starch coproducts makes them a very good meat
substitute for pet food, while the native
and modified starches are used as
binders and thickeners. Other starch
products are also used as basic
ingredients, for example as a source of
fibres, or for the sweetening and coloring
of pet food.