Elektronika Daya

Pekik Argo Dahono

Elektronika Daya
Disiplin ilmu yang mempelajari penggunaan teknologi
elektronika dalam konversi energi (daya) elektrik.
Mengapa energi (daya) elektrik perlu dikonversikan?
Hampir semua peralatan listrik bekerja kurang efisien
atau tidak bisa bekerja pada sumber energi (daya) elektrik
yang tersedia.
Banyak pembangkit energi (daya) elektrik
nonkonvensional mempunyai bentuk yang tidak
kompatibel dengan sumber energi (daya) elektrik lainnya.
P. A. Dahono -- Elektronika Daya

Konverter Daya

P. A. Dahono -- Elektronika Daya

Klasifikasi Konverter Daya

Konverter DC-ke-DC (Chopper)

Konverter AC-ke-DC (Penyearah)
Konverter DC-ke-AC (Inverter)
Konverter AC-ke-AC (Cycloconverter/Matrix)

P. A. Dahono -- Elektronika Daya

Konverter Sinyal dan Daya

Efficiency is the key

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Regulator tegangan

Efficiency is very low

No ripples on the input and output sides
P. A. Dahono -- Elektronika Daya

Switching Regulator
Ii

Ts

Vi

Io

TON

Vo
0

Vi

Vo

Load

Io
0

Ii
0

T
Efficiency is very high
Vo ON Vi
Ts
Ripples on the input and output sides

P. A. Dahono -- Elektronika Daya

Linear and Switching Power Supplies

Linear

Switching

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Switching Mode Power Supplies

Advantages:
High efficient and small size
DC filter capacitor is working at high voltage
(Energy stored is high)
The reactive component requirements are small.
Disadvantages:
Control is more complicated
EMC problems
P. A. Dahono -- Elektronika Daya

Power Supply Comparison

Power Density

Efficiency

Linear Power
Supply

<0.12 W/cm3

<40%

SMPS

6W/cm3

>95%

P. A. Dahono -- Elektronika Daya

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Power Electronic Applications

in Power Generation
Excitation system
Automatic Voltage Regulator
Variable Speed Power Generation (Hydro,
Wind, Microturbine gas)
Power Conditioners for Renewable Power
Generation (Fuel cells, solar cells)
Energy Storage
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Excitation System in Brushless AC Generator

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Renewable Energy System

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Rote Island Hybrid Power System

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Power Electronic Applications in

Power Transmission

High-Voltage Direct Current Transmission

Static VAR Compensators
Series Compensation
Phase Shifters
Dynamic Braking
Flexible AC Transmission System
High-Speed Circuit Breakers
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Static VAR Compensator

Improving power factor

Reducing voltage drop and losses
Increasing maximum power transfer
Improving damping factor
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HVDC Transmission System

Asynchronous links
Suitable for long distance transmission and
underground cable transmission
Improving damping factor
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Power Electronic Applications in

Power Distribution

Static VAR Compensators

Power Conditioners
Active Filters
Unified Power Conditioners
Dynamic Voltage Restorers
High-Speed Circuit Breakers
Light High-Voltage Direct-Current Distribution
Power conditioners for distributed power generation
P. A. Dahono -- Elektronika Daya

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Active Filter

P. A. Dahono -- Elektronika Daya

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Power Electronic Applications in

Transportation Industries

High-Speed Trains
Electric vehicles
Elevators
Airplanes
Ships
Unmanned vehicles
P. A. Dahono -- Elektronika Daya

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PWM Inverter for Electric Traction

P. A. Dahono -- Elektronika Daya

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Shinkansen

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Electric Traction

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Electric Traction

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Diesel Electric Locomotive

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Toyota Prius

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Ford Escape

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Toyota Siena

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Honda Accord

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Hybrid Vehicles
parallel

Split

Series

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Power Electronic Applications in

Industries

Rolling mills
Variable speed pump systems
Cement kilns
Rolling ball mills
Robotics
Electrolysis
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Variable Speed Drive Applications

FLOW
REFERENCE

SET-POINT
CONTROLLER
MOTORIZED
VALVE
STARTER

SENSOR

MOTOR

Fixed Speed

PUMP

FLOW
REFERENCE

SET-POINT
CONTROLLER

VSD

SENSOR
MOTOR
PUMP
CONTROLLER

P. A. Dahono -- Elektronika Daya

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Variable Speed Drives

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Variable Speed Pumping System

80
VALVE OPERATION
WITH STANDARD
EFFICIENTMOTOR

70
60

INPUT KW

50
ADJUSTABLE SPEED
OPERATION WITH
ENERGY EFFICIENT MOTOR

40
30
20
10

0
500

700

900

1100

1300

1500

1700

FLOW (GPM)

P. A. Dahono -- Elektronika Daya

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Power Electronic Applications in

Home Appliances

Microwave heating
Air conditioners
Refrigerators
Toasters
Cookers
Vacuum cleaners
Wash machines
P. A. Dahono -- Elektronika Daya

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Power Electronic Applications in

Information Industries

DC power supplies
Distributed power supplies
Power conditioners
Uninterruptible power supplies
Battery chargers
Voltage Regulator Modules
P. A. Dahono -- Elektronika Daya

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Is power electronics new technology?

Power electronics have been developed since the
beginning of 20th century when mercury arc and
vacuum tubes technology was emerged.
Power conversion has been known for a long time by
using a combination of electrical machinery.
Power electronics development has grown very fast
since the introduction of thyristor or SCR
(Semiconductor controlled rectifier) in nineteen fifties.

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Interdiciplinary nature of power electronics

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Current Challenges

Voltage regulator modules for microprocessors

Embedded inverter for motor drives
Intelligent power ICs
Flexible AC power transmission systems
Custom power distribution system
Unified power conditioners
Renewable energy power generation system
P. A. Dahono -- Elektronika Daya

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Microprocessor operating voltages

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Laptop Power Supply System

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Matriks saklar

S3

S1
Vi

Load

S2

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S4

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Penyearah tak terkendali

Vi

S3

S1
Vi

Load

S1
S2

S2

S4

S3

S4

v uv

P. A. Dahono -- Elektronika Daya

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Penyearah terkendali

Vi

S1

S3

S1

S2

Vi

Load

S3

S4

S2

S4

v uv

P. A. Dahono -- Elektronika Daya

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AC regulator

S3

S1
Vi

S2

Load

S4

P. A. Dahono -- Elektronika Daya

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Phase-Controlled AC-AC Cycloconverter

S1

S3

ei

Beban

S2

vo

S4

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Konverter DC-ke-DC
Vi

S3

S1
Vi

S1

Load

S2

S3

S2

S4
S4

v uv

P. A. Dahono -- Elektronika Daya

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Inverter PWM
Vi

S3

S1
Vi

S1
S2

Load

S3

S4

S2

S4
v uv

P. A. Dahono -- Elektronika Daya

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Understanding Power Electronic Circuits

Consider all power semiconductor switches as
ideal switches
Ideal switches have no voltage drop, no leakage
current, and transition times are zero.
Practical considerations are given in detailed
design.
Background on signal electronics is useful to
understand power electronics.
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The End

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