A STUDY ON EMPLOYEES

ABSENTEEISM IN SINGARENI
COLLIERIES COMPANY
LIMITED, KOTHAGUDEM,
ANDHRA PRADESH
RASHTRASANT TUKADOJI MAHARAJ NAGPUR
UNIVERSITY, NAGPUR,MH
2013

MR. K.L. NARASIMHA RAO

M.COM, M.PHIL.
VICE-PRINCIPAL, HOD, DEPT. OF COMMERCE,
SAS DEGREE COLLEGE , VIJAYAWADA

RESEARCH SUPERVISOR
Dr. UMAKANTH SHUKLA M.COM, PH.D
PRINCIPAL & PROF. (RETD.)
C.P. BERAR COLLEGE, GULSANBAG,
NAGPUR, MAHARASTRA

SINGARENI COLLIERIES
COMPANY LTD.
KOTHAGUDEM, KHAMMAM DIST., A.P.

CHAPTERISATION
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER II: INDUSTRY PROFILE A
STUDY OF COAL INDUSTRY
CHAPTER III: COMPANY PROFILE A
STUDY OF SCCL
CHAPTER IV: LITERATURE REVIEW
CHAPTER V: DATA ANLYSIS
CHAPTER VI: FINDINGS
CHAPTER VII: SUGGESTIONS
BIBLIOGRAPHY
ANNEXURE

NEED OF THE STUDY

It is better to find out the reasons
for the absenteeism of the employees
continuously so that the problem if
any can be detected and corrected.
Also this helps in maintaining good
relations with the employees, which
create a sense of belonging in them
towards the organization they are
working for.

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

Primary Objective
To know the fundamental causes for the
absenteeism in Singareni Collieries
Company Limited (SCCL),
Kothagudem, Khammam District,
Andhra Pradesh.

1. The rampant absenteeism at SCCL

constitutes the paramount HR problem
to be surmounted.
2. To study the extent of absenteeism in
various departments of SCCL.
3. To identify the reasons for employee
absenteeism.
4. To assess the extent of absenteeism in
various departments of SCCL

5. To suggest corrective actions to be taken

up by the management of SSCL to
reduce the absenteeism.
6. To know the impact of employee
absenteeism on productivity
7. To analysis the rate of absenteeism and
know the trends.
8. To study authorized absenteeism and to
study unauthorized absenteeism and
analysis the causes of absenteeism.

SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The present study on the absenteeism

WAS confined to interview schedules
carried out during the research work
duration -2009 to 2012.
Neither nocturnal nor diurnal (objective)
observations were not be taken for want of
permission. Hence, the study is based on
the opinions and perceptions of workers,
who are rendering the work and hence it is
subjective to that extent.

METHODOLOGY OF THE STUDY

SAMPLE SIZE
From Kothagudem area
200 employees have been
picked up on the basis of
purposive sampling basis.
To
ensure fair representation,
200 employees were
selected from various
categories of workers in
both underground and
opencast mines.

Various Depts.

Total

Sample

Manpower

Size

Coal Fillers

470

40

Coal Cutters

872

40

Trammer

247

30

Electrician
General

163

26

Mazdoors

182

Operators

338

16

Support Man

424

24

Line Man

216

16

2912

200

Total

DATA SOURCE

Mostly Primary, in the backdrop of

Secondary information was collected from
company records.
Primary Sources:
Questionnaire and from interactions
Secondary Sources:
Company files and records.

STATISTICAL TOOLS USED

Arithmetic and Statistical tools like Averages,
Percentages and Probabilities along with Bar
Diagrams and Charts are used for statistical
analysis.
DATA ANALYSIS
A comparative study of the data collected is
done by dint systematic codified and crystallized
tables, graphs, interpretation of data and
consequent summarization of the findings of the
study
followed
by
suggestions
and
recommendations for the management of the SCCL.

DATA
ANALYSI
S

MANPOWER
Group-wise Manpower of Singareni Collieries
Total six categories of staff are catering their services at various
levels to Singareni Collieries Company Ltd. Kothagudem. Most of
the staff is working under the category of Time rated Workers who
occupies 59.77% of total workforce. The following tables shows the
total number of workers at various levels from 2011 to 2013

Group-Wise Manpower
Officers
Linear (Time rated Workers)

Monthly paid Staff

Power (Time rated Workers)

Time rated Workers

Exponential (Time rated Workers)

Exponential (Time rated Workers)

Linear (Time rated Workers)

ABSENTEEI
SM

Days of the week on which the most absenteeism occurred

The highest levels of absenteeism were recorded on the
following weekdays: Monday, followed by Tuesday, as per
the below table. These trends are similar to patterns
identified in MLean (2007).
No. of Shifts (AWOP)

Ranking

Monday

5806

Tuesday

4921

Wednesday

4080

Thursday

3939

Friday

4341

Saturday

4144

26

Sunday
Sum:

27257

Month wise absenteeism in SCCL 2011-12

Months

No. of

Jul-11

977

Aug-11

730

Sep-11

1100

Oct-11

927

Nov-11

1516

Dec-11

2178

2nd
Highest

Jan-12

1082

Feb-12

1096

Mar-12

775

Apr-12

798

May-12

Month-wise absenteeism

Ranking

Shifts(AWOP)

2249 Highest

Jun-12

782

Jul-12

872

Aug-12

908

Sep-12

581

No. of
Shifts(AWOP)

2500

2000

1500

2178

1000

2249

1516
500 977

1100
927
730

1096
1082
775 798

782 872 908

581

40756
40817
40878
40940
41000
41061
41122
40725
40787
40848
40909
40969
41030
41091
41153

Most of the absenteeism is

happening in the months of May
and December. The reason behind
this is temperature variations.

Age Factor

Age

Avg No. of
shifts

Age

18

15

40

19
20
21
22
23
24

41
42
43
44
45
46
47

86

48

66

49
50
51

50
85
80

52

22

31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38

18
33
36
49
45
59
102 (4th
Highest)
101 (5th
Highest)
10
125 (Highest)
90
104 (3rd
Highest)
68
39
28
58
81
81
75
74

Avg. No. of
Shifts
111 (2nd
Highest)
77
95
84
77
70
85

53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60

38
45
28
35
129
121
71
43

39

73

25
26
27
28
29
30

there seem to be age

differences in levels of
absenteeism among
underground worker, which
supports the arguments
made by Pai et al (2009) and
Neilsen (2008). It is argued
in the latter that older
employees (45 Years and
above) are more likely to be
absent from work as a result
of their decline age.

ABSENTEEISM CAUSED BY ACCIDENTS IN SCCL

The main focus for improving the safety in the mines
is on improving the awareness and bringing safety
consciousness among employees through various
programmes/training by devising the same in easily
understandable way. Additional thrust is given for
improving the safety awareness among contractors
workmen. Apart form the above, various measures
viz.,
standarisation
of
roof
bolting
activity,
introduction
of
semi
mechanization
through
SDLs/LHDs in underground mines, and provisions of
various equipment for prevention/minimizing the
adverse effects of accidents were also taken.
Evacuations of coal by baskets are completely
eliminated in 15 underground mines to reduce
deployment of coal fillers at potentially accident
prone zones.

Area

Feb, 2012
Fatal

Serious Fatal

Kothagudem

Yellandu

Manuguru

Bellampalli

Mandamarri

Srirampur

Ramagundam-I

Ramagundam-II

Ramagundam-III
Bhoopalpalli
Total

Jan- Feb, 2012

Feb, 2011

Jan- Feb, 2011

Serious Fatal

Serious Fatal

17

17

13

13

12

12

10

10

24

52

52

27

27

1
-

24

Table : Table showing year-wise accidents and fatalities and seriously injured

Serious

50

50

Table: Total Number of Fatal & Serious Accidents during last ten years. Injury rate per
Year

Fatal

No. of
Accidents
2012-13
2011-12
2010-11
2009-10
2008-09
2007-08
2006-07
2005-06
2004-05
2003-04

8
11
10
13
16
11
16
7
14
19

Serious

No. of
Persons
Involved
14
12
11
16
19
11
19
7
16
45

50
45
45
40
No. of Fatal Accidents
35
No. of Persons Involved
30
25
20
19
19
15
16
16
10 14
12
11
11
5 8
11 10 13 16 11 16
7 7 14 19
0

production

No. of

No. of
Accidents

No. of Fatal Accidents & persons involved

million tonne of

285
322
283
424
391
535
587
805
291
70

Persons

Fatal

Serious

Involved
397
323
293
428
394
538
592
807
294
71

0.12
0.23
0.21
0.32
0.43
0.27
0.5
0.19
0.45
1.33

5.23
6.19
5.71
8.49
8.87
13.25
15.7
22.33
8.33
2.1

No. of Serious Accidents and Persons injure

900
800
700
600

807

No. of Serious Accidents

No. of Persons Involved

500
400
300
200
100
0

538
428

397
323
285

322

293 424

283

394
391

592
805

535

587

294
291
7071

Injury Rate Per Million Tonne of Production

25

Fatal

22.33

Serious

20

15.7

15
13.25
10
8.87

8.49
6.19

5.71

5.23

0.12
2012-13

0.23
2011-12

8.33

0.21
2010-11

0.32
2009-10

0.43
2008-09

0.27
2007-08

0.5
2006-07

0.19
2005-06

0.45
2004-05

1.33

2.1

2003-04

NO. OF MAN-DAYS AND PRODUCTION LOST DUE TO STRIKES

Month

On other

On

than

extraneous

extraneous

reasons

reasons
No. Product No
ion

Total

Productio Number of Producti

n

man days

on

lost

lost

lost

lost

(Tonnes

(Tonnes)

Wages lost

Value of

(`)

Production
lost (`)

(Tonnes)

)
Feb,
2012
Feb,
2011

1704

314032

112113

318492

311091

3700000

1640507

4011091

427444

168760

42984

2556000

151913115 537345000

2011-12
(Up
toFeb12

2342985900

710742275
0

)
2010-11
(from
Apr10
to Mar11)

554624820 582595616

Sl.
Table
No
.

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

Reason
February,
April: Reasons for
fatal & serious accidents
in
SCCL
2011
February,

Power shortage
Industrial disputes
- Due to extraneous reasons
- Strikes
- Total
Breakdown of equipment
Absenteeism
Shortage of working faces
Lack of equipment/delay in
commissioning of equipment/awarding
of OBR contracts
Rains & slushy conditions
Fires
Others: - Lay-offs
- Adverse geo-mining conditions
- Non-receipt of statutory permission
- Production from OC was regulated
to liquidate ground stocks
- Short supply of Explosives
Total
Grand Total

% in
total
2011-12
loss of
(progressive producti
)
on
0.91
1.81

37.00

73.50

3.11
40.11
1.1
2.2
-

6.18
79.68
2.19
4.37
-

0.02
-

0.04
-

11.92

6.02
50.34

11.96
100

No. of No. of ManStrikes days Lost

Production lost
in Tonnes

Mandays & Prod. lost due to strikes

1800000

2012-13

245280

No. of Mandays Lost

258965
1600000

2011-12

1628931

4011353

1400000

2010-11

168760

422984

1200000

2009-10

1430

4893

1000000

800000

2008-09

23065

19072
600000

2007-08

2006-07

5587

9872

2005-06

11

240403

91818

2004-05

14

91818

57499

2003-04

15

102942

121647

400000

200000

245280
1628931
168760
1430
23065 5587
240403
91818
102942
0

Production lost in Tonnes due to strikes

4500000
4000000

Production lost in Tonnes

3500000
3000000
2500000
2000000
1500000
1000000
500000

258965
4011353
422984
489319072

987291818
57499
121647
0

SURVEY RESULTS
Since the purpose of this study is to
investigate and explain the
relationship between absenteeism and
job satisfaction, personal
characteristics and situational factors,
survey research, using a self administered questionnaire, appears
to be the best method of collecting
the necessary data.

Sample Size of the survey

Various Depts.

Total Manpower

Sample Size

Coal Fillers

470

40

Coal Cutters

872

40

Trammer

247

30

Electrician

163

26

General Mazdoors

182

Operators

338

16

Support Man

424

24

Line Man

216

16

Total

2912

200

Table 5.25: Showing Number of respondents from each group of workers in SCCL

Age-wise Respondents of SCCL

Age

No. of Respondents

18-25

20

26-35

60

36-45

93

Above 45

27
200

DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF RESPONDENTS

Variables
Mean
a
Age (years)*
38.17

Sex

Male
Female
Marital Status

Married
Not Married
Level of Education

High School
Some College*
Business College
College Degree
Some Graduate Work
Masters Degree
Law Degree or PhD
Number of Dependents under Age 12

None
one or more
Job Classification

Professional/Technical
Mining
Primary Source of Income

Yes
No
Months in Position (Years)*
45.5b (3.8)

c
Total Months with country (Years)
77.4 (6.5)

n=200
Demographic Characteristics of sample

97
3

194
6

80
20

160
40

41.7
15.7
9.6
14.8
6.9
6.1
5.2

83
31
19
30
14
12
10

24.2
75.8

48
152

43.5
56.5

87
113

89.7
11.3

179
23